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Rationale: Anti-Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) double antibody positive encephalitis characterized by optic neuritis is extremely rare. We present a case of overlapping syndrome of MOG-IgG-associated disease and anti-mGluR5 encephalitis manifested as optic neuritis., Patient Concerns: A 60-year-old Chinses woman presented to the hospital with progressive vision loss and headache for 1 week. The cerebrospinal fluid examination was within the normal range. Visual evoked potentials study disclosed prolonged latency of P100 bilaterally. Fundus examination revealed indistinct boundaries of both optic discs. Her brain magnetic resonance imaging showed patchy hyperintensity in the posterior horn of the left ventricle and the left optic nerve. Her serum was positive for anti-MOG and anti-mGluR5 antibodies., Diagnosis: The patient was diagnosed with overlapping syndrome of anti-MOG antibody-associated disease and anti-mGluR5 encephalitis mainly based on the clinical symptoms and further test of the antibody in serum., Interventions and Outcomes: She was subsequently subjected to empirical treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone. After discharge, she was given a tapering dose of oral prednisone, alongside mycophenolate mofetil. On outpatient follow-up, her symptoms showed no relapse after 1 month, and her condition remained stable., Lessons: Early recognition of autoimmune encephalitis is crucial. The detection of cerebrospinal fluid and serum of autoimmune encephalitis and demyelinating diseases of the CNS, including MOG-IgG and mGluR5-IgG, should be strengthened in order to make a precise diagnosis and develop a comprehensive treatment plan in a timely manner., Competing Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose., (Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

In this paper, we describe the development of a novel rabbit monoclonal cytokeratin 7 (CK7) antibody. CK7 is widely used in immunohistochemical tests that are commonly performed in histopathology laboratories. Rabbits were immunized with a peptide corresponding to C-terminus of CK7. Recombinant monoclonal antibodies were developed using proprietary technology. Antibodies were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay against CK7 peptide, and the specificity of the antibody was verified by Western blotting on Hela cell lysates and by immunohistochemical staining on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. One clone, designated as BC1 was selected and tested on a variety of human tissues. Its reactivity was tested and compared with a well-characterized mouse monoclonal CK7 antibody OV-TL 12/30 on lung, breast, ovarian, and colon cancers, and on a variety of normal tissues. The staining patterns and specificity were concordant with mouse monoclonal OV-TL 12/30. The BC1 clone, however, showed superior staining to OV-TL 12/30 in terms of intensity and staining of debris. CK7 combined with CK20 or CDX2 and TTF1 is a common panel used in histopathology laboratories in discrimination between primary adenocarcinomas and metastatic lung adenocarcinomas from colonic origin. We then developed a 4-step double stain (multiplex) assay by combining CDX-2 with CK7 in an antibody cocktail and tested the efficacy on lung, breast, and colon cancers. Results showed that this novel antibody can be used as a single component and/or in combination with CDX2 and TTF1 in applications for diagnostic pathology.