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In the past decade, interest in assessing and managing pain in children has increased. Nurses have helped implement routine pain measurement in clinical settings, including a campaign to make pain the fifth vital sign. However, clinicians may find it challenging to establish good pain-assessment practices in pediatric settings, since children can't always communicate their pain to clinicians in ways that can be reliably interpreted. Choosing a measurement tool appropriate to the population to be assessed is necessary if one is to obtain valid pain ratings.