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Objective: This study investigated the efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy as well as the optimal intervention timing for extracorporeal shock wave therapy for patients with spasticity after stroke., Design: A search of randomized controlled trials was conducted in different electronic databases. We performed a meta-analysis to measure the effect of extracorporeal shock wave therapy versus sham interventions on spasticity and limb functionality. The meta-regression analysis was performed to determine the adequate intervention timing of extracorporeal shock wave therapy. The follow-up period of the outcomes was divided into the short (<2 wks), mid (>2 wks and ≤4 wks), and long (>4 wks and ≤3 mos) terms., Results: Thirteen studies with 677 participants were evaluated. Spasticity significantly improved throughout the follow-up duration. Limb functionality significantly improved in the short-term follow-up period. The meta-regression analysis showed that patients with stroke duration less than 45 mos may be benefited from extracorporeal shock wave therapy in improving limb function in all follow-up periods., Conclusions: Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is an effective method for reducing spasticity in patients with stroke, and the effect could be maintained for up to 3 mos. Its effects on limb functionality could persist for at least 2 wks. Patients who had stroke for less than 45 mos may have significant benefit from extracorporeal shock wave therapy in all follow-up periods., Competing Interests: Financial disclosure statements have been obtained, and no conflicts of interest have been reported by the authors or by any individuals in control of the content of this article., (Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Rationale: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) and adult onset Still's disease (AOSD) have overlapping features, and are categorized as being on the spectrum of autoinflammatory diseases (AIDs). FMF is more prevalent in the Mediterranean region but rarely, described in the Chinese population., Patient Concerns: We present an interesting case of a Han Chinese AOSD patient with episodic fever, wheals, and polyarthritis for 2 years., Diagnosis: Sequencing analysis found exon 2 mutations of the MEFV gene (c.329T>C [L110P], and c.442G>C [E148Q])., Intervention: Her arthritis was well-controlled with colchicine treatment, but fever, and rashes were not., Outcomes: She eventually received tocilizumab, in addition to colchicine, and her symptoms completely disappeared., Lessons: MEFV mutations may exist in AOSD patients, and treatment with colchicine might be helpful in such patients.