1. Target Sequencing, Cell Experiments, and a Population Study Establish Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Gene as Hypertension Susceptibility Gene
- Author
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Salvi, Erika, Kuznetsova, Tatiana, Thijs, Lutgarde, Lupoli, Sara, Stolarz-Skrzypek, Katarzyna, D'Avila, Francesca, Tikhonoff, Valerie, De Astis, Silvia, Barcella, Matteo, Seidlerova, Jitka, Benaglio, Paola, Malyutina, Sofia, Frau, Francesca, Velayutham, Dinesh, Benfante, Roberta, Zagato, Laura, Title, Alexandra, Braga, Daniele, Marek, Diana, Kawecka-Jaszcz, Kalina, Casiglia, Edoardo, Filipovsky, Jan, Nikitin, Yuri, Rivolta, Carlo, Manunta, Paolo, Beckmann, Jacques S., Barlassina, Cristina, Cusi, Daniele, Staessen, Jan A., Czarnecka, Danuta, Gąsowski, Jerzy, Grodzicki, Tomasz, Kloch-Badełek, Małgorzata, Olszanecka, Agnieszka, Wizner, Barbara, Epidemiologie, RS: CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Salvi, E, Kuznetsova, T, Thijs, L, Lupoli, S, STOLARZ SKRZYPEK, K, D'Avila, F, Tikhonoff, V, DE ASTIS, S, Barcella, M, Seidlerová, J, Benaglio, P, Malyutina, S, Frau, F, Velayutham, D, Benfante, R, Zagato, L, Title, A, Braga, D, Marek, D, KAWECKA JASZCZ, K, Casiglia, E, Filipovsky, J, Nikitin, Y, Rivolta, C, Manunta, Paolo, Beckmann, J, Barlassina, C, Cusi, D, and Staessen, J. A.
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,hypertension ,Genotype ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ,Endothelium ,Population ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Biology ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,White People ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,target sequencing ,population science ,Enos ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene ,Allele ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,education ,Alleles ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,education.field_of_study ,blood pressure ,Promoter ,Middle Aged ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Blood pressure ,transfection ,Case-Control Studies ,Population study ,Female ,Endothelium, Vascular - Abstract
A case–control study revealed association between hypertension and rs3918226 in the endothelial nitric oxide synthase ( eNOS ) gene promoter (minor/major allele, T/C allele). We aimed at substantiating these preliminary findings by target sequencing, cell experiments, and a population study. We sequenced the 140-kb genomic area encompassing the eNOS gene. In HeLa and HEK293T cells transfected with the eNOS promoter carrying either the T or the C allele, we quantified transcription by luciferase assay. In 2722 randomly recruited Europeans (53.0% women; mean age 40.1 years), we studied blood pressure change and incidence of hypertension in relation to rs3918226, using multivariable-adjusted models. Sequencing confirmed rs3918226, a binding site of E-twenty six transcription factors, as the single nucleotide polymorphism most closely associated with hypertension. In T compared with C transfected cells, eNOS promoter activity was from 20% to 40% ( P TT homozygotes and by 3.8/1.9 mm Hg in 2694 C allele carriers ( P ≤0.0004). The blood pressure rise was 5.9 mm Hg systolic (confidence interval [CI], 0.6–11.1; P =0.028) and 4.8 mm Hg diastolic (CI, 1.5–8.2; P =0.0046) greater in TT homozygotes, with no differences between the CT and CC genotypes ( P ≥0.90). Among 2013 participants normotensive at baseline, 692 (34.4%) developed hypertension. The hazard ratio and attributable risk associated with TT homozygosity were 2.04 (CI, 1.24–3.37; P =0.0054) and 51.0%, respectively. In conclusion, rs3918226 in the eNOS promoter tags a hypertension susceptibility locus, TT homozygosity being associated with lesser transcription and higher risk of hypertension.
- Published
- 2013