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The diagnosis of artherosclerotic CAD in a female athlete who does not smoke or have diabetes suggests congenital defect in lipoprotein metabolism such as defect in the LDL receptor or familial dysbetalipoproteinemia. If CAD is diagnosed in women athletes, they should be provided. Strategies to prevent atherosclerotic coronary disease in older female athletes should be directed toward management of the basic atherosclerotic risk factors.

An updated medical care standard from the American Diabetes Association is discussed. The new standard puts the hemoglobin A1C level of 6.5% or higher for a person to be diagnosed with diabetes and blood glucose goals remain at less than 7% for adults. Low dose aspirin is recommended by the new standard to prevent myocardial infarction and stroke among patients.

Prediabetes occurs when a person's blood glucose levels are too high to be healthy, but not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes. Studies show most people who have prediabetes develop type 2 diabetes within 10 years.

Symptoms of diabetes include the frequent need to urinate, extreme thirst or hunger, blurry vision, and sores that won't heal. Diet and lifestyle change as well certain drugs may be prescribed to treat this disease. The complications, prevention, and the effects and warnings of different diabetes medicines are described.