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In accordance with translation, the metaphors must be translated very carefully in order to avoid misunderstanding. Larson (1984:250) states that If metaphors from source language are translated literally into the target language, they will often be completely misunderstood. Because the translation cannot simply reproduce, or be, the original. In fact, in the folklores there are still literally in translating the text. The aims of this study were to describe the realization of translation strategies in the translation live metaphors in the Sumatera Folklores. The research was conducted by using qualitative design. The data of this study were live metaphors in the Sumatera Folklores. The source of data were 15 folklores in Sumatera. The data were collected through documentary technique and the instrument for collecting the data was documentary sheet. The technique of data analysis was descriptive. The findings of this study revealed that the realization of translation strategies in live metaphors in the Sumatera Folklores into English by applying two process, namely: Single Strategy (91.83%), Double Strategies (8.16%). Metaphors often become the problem in translation and in accordance with translation, the metaphors must be translated from source language (SL) into target language (TL) in order to avoid misunderstanding. Keywords: Translation Strategies, Live Metaphor, Sumatera language, Folklores

This research was carried out to investigate the modality used in beauty product advertisements on Instagram caption. The objective of the research was to describe the types of modality used in beauty product advertisements on Instagram caption. The data of this research was the clauses consisting of modality used in beauty product advertisements which are taken from official account of three local brands on Instagram. Descriptive qualitative method was used in this research. The instrument of this research was observation. The types of modality were analyzed by using the theory of Carrettero (2007). In this research was found four types of modality. The types were found in this research, namely Epistemic, Deontic, Dynamic, and Boulomaic. Keywords: T ypes of M odality, Be auty P roduct A dvertisements, Instagram C aption

The aims of this study are to investigate linguistic features, to describe the discursive techniques and to describe social implications that are used in oriflame catalogue beauty product advertisements. This research was conducted by using qualitative research design. The data of this study were texts on oriflame beauty product advertisements. The data analyzed by using three dimensional nature of critical analysis as preceded by Fairclough. There are three dimensional frameworks of analysis that are description/ text analysis, interpretation/process and explanation/social. The findings are (1) there were 7 out of 8 kind of linguistic features were found in oriflame catalogue beauty product advertisements. the most dominant linguistic feature used in the advertisement is adjective, (2) there were 9 discursive techniques that found in the second level analysis, the most technique used in the advertisements is emotive word.Keywords: Critical Discourse Analysis, Advertisement, Linguistic Feature, Discursive Technique, Social Implication

This study investigates interpersonal metaphor in “Indonesia Now” English news TV program based on Systemic Functional Linguistics approach. The objective of the study are to identify what types of interpersonal metaphors in “Indonesia Now”, to describe how those interpersonal metaphors are used, and to explain in what context those interpersonal metaphor are used. A qualitative descriptive research design was used in this study. The data were taken from one weekly broadcast Indonesia Now in January to June 2017. The data were collected by recording the “Indonesia Now” program on Metro TV, then transcribing the program broadcasts into written text, classifying the data into types of interpersonal metaphors and then drawing conclusion from the data. The findings of the study show that there are five types of interpersonal metaphor used in “Indonesia Now”, namely metaphor of mood, modality, epithet, euphemism, and connotation. The use of interpersonal metaphor in “Indonesia Now” is realized by use of incongruent types of expressing meaning in interaction. In addition, the use of interpersonal metaphor, it is also found that expressing emotion as the new findings of this study which not in line with the previous theories. The speaker use interpersonal metaphor to accurately reflect their point of view and express the emotion and this purpose can be achieved with the reference to social context which named context of situation. Keywords: Interpersonal Metaphor, Systemic Functional Linguistic, Indonesia Now

This study deals with euphemism of surah Al-Baqarah in the Holy Qur’an. It was aimed for investigating the types of euphemism used in surah Al-Baqarah, to describe realization of euphemistic expressions in surah Al-Baqarah, and to elaborate the reasons for realization of euphemism in surah Al-Baqarah. This study was conducted by using descriptive qualitative research. The data analyzed were sentence to sentence which contained euphemism. The source of the data was taken from Tafseer Ibn Kathir Vol 1-10 in the English language with Arabic verses. The researcher is the key instrument of the research. The result showed that there were 29 verses that contained of euphemism of surah Al-Baqarah. It divided into four concepts found in surah Al-Baqarah and one concept as new finding found in surah Al-Baqarah. Specifically, 1 (4%) for Shortening, 7 (23%) for Remodelling, 17 (59%) for Semantic change, 2 (7%) for Borrowing, and 2 (7%) for narrowing as new finding. The dominant types of euphemism of surah Al-Baqarah was Semantic change. It means that Muslim have to understanding and comprehending the meaning deeply. The ways of euphemism realized in surah Al-Baqarah, namely direct, indirect, implicit, and explicit. The reason euphemism realized in surah Al-Baqarah to soften a vulgar expression. In certain social contexts, they are used to avoid embarrassment and the direct mention of social taboos. In other situations, they are used to give more importance and a higher status to certain individuals and events.Keyword: Euphemism, Taboo, Surah Al-Baqarah

The research deals with the occurrence of shift in Translating Didong texts from Gayonese into Bahasa Indonesia . The objectives of the study were: (1) to find out the types of shifts in Translating Didong texts from Gayonese into Bahasa Indonesia , (2) to describe how the shifts occur in Translating Didong texts from Gayonese into Bahasa Indonesia , (3) to analyze the reasons why translation shifts occur Translating Didong texts from Gayonese into Bahasa Indonesia . The research was conducted by using descriptive qualitative design. The data of this study were clauses which translated from Gayonese into Indonesian. The data were collected through documentary technique. The technique of data analysis was interactive model. This research was found that there were five types of translation shift. The type of structure shift was the dominant type. The findings of this study revealed that: (1) The category shifts in Translating Didong texts from Gayonese into Bahasa Indonesia are 1) structure shift, 2) class shift, 3) unit shift, 4) reduplication word shift, and 5) double types of shift. (2) There were some ways of translation shift used in Translating Didong texts from Gayonese into Bahasa Indonesia , namely grammatical change occurred, change in different word class and change in ranks. (3) There were four reasons of using translation shifts are (1) Different language systems, (2) Grammatical structures of SL do not exist in TL, (3) Literal translation is grammatically possible but may not accord with natural usage in the TL (naturalness between SL and TL) and (4) replacing virtual gap by grammatical structure. Keywords: translation, translation shifts, Didong texts.

The objectives of this study were to find out whether students’ achievement in reading comprehension taught by TELLS technique was significantly higher than PSOT. (2) whether the students’ achievement in reading comprehension with high interest was higher than with low interest, and (3) If there was interaction between teaching techniques and interest on students’ achievement in reading comprehension. This study established the different effect of teaching techniques on students’ interest which was required by the hypothesis and applying experimental research design by using Factorial Design 2x2. Descriptive statistic was used to describe the data such as mean, median, mode, standard deviation, and variance. While inferential statistic used to test the research hypotheses by applying two ways ANOVA with the level of significance 0.05. The results reveals that (1) students’ achievement in reading expository text taught by using TELLS was higer than PSOT technique, with Fob = 17.902 > Ftab = 3.11, (2) students’ achievement in reading expository text on hight interest was higher than that low interest, with Fobs = 38.988 > Ftab = 3.11, (3) there was interaction between teaching technique and interest on students’ achievement in reading comprehension with Fobs = 5.962 > Ftab = 3.11.Keywords:Teaching Techniques, Interest, Reading Comprehension

This study deals with language shift and language maintenance of intermarriages Chinese families.It aims at finding out the factors make language shift and language maintenance occur, finding out how language shift and language maintain occur and finding out why language shift and language maintain occur.This study was conducted in qualitative method.The sources of data were four intermarriage Chinese families; meanwhile the data was their utterances.The data was analyzed by using Interactive Model by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. To find out what factors affecting language shift and maintenance, the researcher used Holmes’s theory. Based on the data analysis, the first finding shows that there were six factors affecting language shift and language maintenance occured in intermarriage chinese families namely bilingualism, migration, economic, environment, demographic, and attitude. And as the second finding was that the language shift and language maintenance occured since there are two languages exist in interethnic marriage. The existence of two languages means the competition between two languages. And as the third finding was the reasons why language shift and language maintenance occured are bilingualism in which the man or woman mastered two languages which led to language maintenance, migration in which the women migrate to follow their husband, economic factor dealing with the men and women’s occupations, environment where they lived in homogenous or heterogenous ethnic, demographic factor, and attitude which might be postive or negative. Keywords: language shift, maintenance, intermarriage, qualitative

The objective of this study were (1) to describe types of phrasal verbs occurring in translating Breaking Dawn Novel (2) to describe procedures are used in translating Breaking Dawn Novel (3) to find out the most dominant phrasal verbs and procedures used in translating Breaking Dawn Novel. The data were phrasal verbs obtained from clause of Breaking Dawn novel. This research applied qualitative research design. The data were collected through documentary technique. The findings of this study showed that: 1) All of phrasal verbs were found in Breaking Dawn novel, they are type 1, type 2, type 3 and type 4, 2) there were six procedures used in translating phrasal verbs, they are Calque (8 data), Literal translation (35 data), transposition (107 data), modulation (82 data), equivalence (11 data), and Adaptation (3 data), 3) the dominant phrasal verbs occurred in Breaking Dawn novel was type 3 and the dominant procedures used in translating Breaking Dawn novel was transposition procedure. Keywords: translation procedures, phrasal verbs, novel

This study deals with the improvement of the students’ achievement in reading comprehension through advance organizer strategy. The objectives of this research were to improve the students’ achievement in reading comprehension as well as the process of learning reading comprehension by using advance organizer strategy. The subject of the study was grade XI IPA 2 Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Binjai consisting of 33 students. The data of this study were obtained by using test, observation sheets and interview. This research was conducted in two cycles because in the pre-test (without treatment), the average of the students’ score was 59,24. In the first cycle test, it was 74,30. It is lower than the minimum passing grade, and if is viewed from the observation sheets, the situation of the learning process hasn’t met the criteria of the success. So the writer continued to the second cycle. There was a significant progress on the students’ achievement in reading comprehension in the second cycle, and the average of the students was 82,94. The students were more active and enthusiastic in following the lesson. Therefore, the teaching reading comprehension through advance organizer strategy can improve the students’ achievement in reading comprehension quantitatively and qualitatively. Key words: improving, reading comprehension, advance organizer strategy.

The aims are to find out: 1) the types of code switching used in the Toba Batak wedding ceremony, 2) how the participants switch language in the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony, and 3) reason why the participants switch language in the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony. The data were obtained from the utterances of participants which contain code switching during the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony precisely in Marhaban, replying and exchanging the verses of rhymes, exchanging of Tepak, and upah-upah stages. They were analyzed by using some steps as normally applied in descriptive qualitative method. The instruments of data collection were audio visual recorder. The findings of the study indicate that; a) Three types of code switching found namely intrasentential, intersentential and tag switching b) Participants in Toba Batak wedding ceremony mix some languages based on participants’ tribes which involved in the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony and they also adjust the situation and the condition of the people c) Three reasons of code switching during the process of Toba Batak wedding ceremony namely the differences of family’s tribes, religion factor and place of wedding ceremony be held. Keywords: Code Switching; Toba Batak; Traditional Marriage