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Mutations in theclk-1gene impair mitochondrial ubiquinone biosynthesis and extend the lifespan inCaenorhabditis elegans. We demonstrate here that this life extension is linked to the repression of cytoplasmic mRNA translation, independent of the alleged nuclear form of CLK-1.Clk-1mutations inhibit polyribosome formation similarly todaf-2mutations that dampen insulin signaling. Comparisons of total versus polysomal RNAs inclk-1(qm30)mutants reveal a reduction in the translational efficiencies of mRNAs coding for elements of the translation machinery and an increase in those coding for the oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy pathways. Knocking down the transcription initiation factor TATA-binding protein-associated factor 4, a protein that becomes sequestered in the cytoplasm during early embryogenesis to induce transcriptional silencing, ameliorates theclk-1inhibition of polyribosome formation. These results underscore a prominent role for the repression of cytoplasmic protein synthesis in eukaryotic lifespan extension and suggest that mutations impairing mitochondrial function are able to exploit this repression similarly to reductions of insulin signaling. Moreover, this report reveals an unexpected role for TATA-binding protein-associated factor 4 as a repressor of polyribosome formation when ubiquinone biosynthesis is compromised.