Search

The study determines the prevalence and resistance among pathogenic bacteria against used antibiotics. The isolates were identified biochemically and subjected to antibiotic sensitivity using disk-diffusion method. A total of 210 bacterial isolates were tested, 175 (83.3%) were reported positive whereas 35 (16.6%) were found negative for HVS. The isolates were initially identified on colonies morphology and later via biochemical tests. The gram positive bacteria isolates i,e Staphylococcus aureus was found 48 (23.3%), followed by lactobacillus and least value belonged to Staphylococcus epidermidis i.e, 7 (3.3%). While gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli were 56 (26.6%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 36 (17.14%) and least value was of Proteus vulgaris. i.e, 7 (3.3%). All the isolates were subjected to antibiotics susceptibility testing. At least six antibiotics were shown to be resistant in bacterial isolates. Antibiotic resistance was found in considerable abundance in the clinical isolates, according to the findings. Antibiotic susceptibility testing and surveillance are essential on a regular basis to avoid treatment failure and the emergence of antibiotic resistance.

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease causing morbidity and mortality in all population worldwide. It is present in 1 to 2 % in world's population Objective: To determine the frequency of RA in young females presenting with multiple joints pain using ACR Diagnostic Criteria for RA. Methodology: This study was Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study done at the Department of Medicine, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar for duration of six months from February 2021 to August 2021. In this study a total of 156 patients were observed to assess the frequency of rheumatoid arthritis in young females with multiple joints pain using ACR Diagnostic Criteria. Results: Serology of RF and ACPA among 156 patients was positive in 93(59.6%) patients and Negative in 63(40.4). Acute phase reactants CRP and ESR among 156 patients were abnormal in 91(58.3%) and Normal in 65(41.7%) patients Conclusion: Our study concludes that in young females with multiple joints pain, the frequency of rheumatoid arthritis was high by using ACR diagnostic criteria. Young females are prone to develop rheumatoid arthritis but remain undiagnosed and this may lead to adverse outcome and failure in prognosis and treatment. If it is diagnosed in early stage it may add to good health outcome and quality of life. Key words: Rheumatoid arthritis; multiple joints pain, ACR Diagnostic Criteria

Objective: To determine the frequency of significant non-infarct related multi-vessel coronary artery disease in patients after the first presentation with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Methodology: A minimum of 100 consecutive patients from the department of cardiology, Mayo Hospital Lahore, who fulfilled the inclusion/exclusion criteria were selected. Percentage stenosis in non-IRA was calculated by using quantitative coronary analysis (QCA) software. Results: A total of 100 patients were enrolled in this study. There were 73(73.0%) males and 27(27.0%) females. The mean age of patients was 47.6±19.2 years. Out of 100 patients with STEMI, 42(42.0%) had non-IRA. Among non-IRA, 24(57.1%) had double vessel CAD and 18(42.9%) had triple vessel CAD. Conclusion: Significant non-infarct related multivessel coronary artery disease was common among patients after the first presentation with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Keywords: ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI),Coronary vessels, Coronary artery disease (CAD).

Objective: To determine the frequency of bleeding with Tirofiban during percutaneous coronary intervention Methodology: In this case series (Descriptive) at Mayo Hospital, Cardiology Deptt. Lahore during the year 2018 and 2019, we enrolled a total of 385 cases of either gender with acute coronary syndrome(ACS) and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)were included. Preloading with aspirin 300 mg and clopidogrel 600 mg was done. Intravenous Tirofiban was given keeping in mind the current guidelines. Tirofiban was given as I/V bolus of 0.25 mcg/kg over 5 minutes during/before the start of PCI. It was followed by a continuous infusion of 0.125 mcg/kg/min for up to eighteen hours. Bleeding during and within 24 hours of percutaneous coronary intervention was noted according to BARC bleeding type Results: Mean age was 50.750± 5.63years. Male gender was dominant i.e. 85.7% as compare to 14.3% females. Bleeding was observed in 3.9% patients Conclusion: In acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing PCI, Tirofiban use was associated with bleeding. In the modern era of PCI, the judicious use of Tirofiban is safe. Keywords: Percutaneous coronary intervention, Tirofiban, Bleeding, Acute coronary syndrome