Search

To evaluate the therapeutic effects of percutaneous nephroureterolithotomy, the renal function of eleven patients with renal calculi was studied, pre- and post-intervention. Renal function was determined, by renal scintigraphy with the renal agent, Tc-99m diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). In each renal scintigram the renogram curve was analyzed and the following were determined by deconvolution analysis; the renal fraction of blood flow (RFBF), DTPA-glomerular filtration ratio (GFR), and the renal mean transit time (MTT). The successful results in percutaneous nephroureterolithotomy (PNL) was proven using the radionuclide technique in most cases. From these results it can be concluded that renal scintigraphy is an effective procedure to evaluate the effect of PNL for treating renal calculi and secondary hydronephrosis.

We studied the influence of pH, using 131I solution, as for a skin contamination and obtained the following results : 1) in regard to alkalinity, the skin surface contamination was large and in regard to acidity, the contamination in skin surface was less than in skin deep part. 2) the internal contamination in acidity was larger than in alkalinity.

The recognition of signal was varied by the chart form and in proportion as signal and S/B ratio increase, the subject image become more clear. The subject image less than some size could not recognized even in proportion as signal and S/B ratio increase.

The use of gadolinium (Gd) as a “band pass” filter for the X-ray contrast examination is discussed. Vinyl tubes filled with iodine solution were placed in a water phantom (15 cm thickness). When this phantom was exposed to a 70 kVp X-ray filtered by a Gd-filter, to give an equal film density as an aluminium (Al) filter, the surface dose was reduced by 45 % . The effective attenuation coefficient of the iodine for an 80 kVp X-ray filtered with a Gdfilter of 0.4 mm thickness corresponds to that for a 70 kVp X-ray filtered with an Al-filter of 2 mm thickness. These results indicate that a decrease of skin dosage and an increase of film contrast are obtained by using a Gd-filter for the X-ray examination with an iodine contrast medium.

On removing radioisotopes that contacted with skin, a contamination removal reagent was used. If radioisotopes was handled direct after use of the contamination removal reagent, the internal contamination got to be increased. For the prevention of it, hand cream was effective because the hand cream applied after use of the contamination removal reagent was reduced the internal contamination to 1/5 compared with no use of hand cream. The application of hand cream after use of the contamination removal reagent was simple way to prevent the internal contamination.