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The main objective of the research was to explore the perception of Eunuchs regarding the legal protection of their rights that Supreme Court has given to them. Research technique used was qualitative in nature. By using convenient sampling technique 12 eunuchs and 3 gurus from Dhok Khaba and Murree road Rawalpindi were included in the study in order to get their perspective regarding the decision. The tool used for the study was semi-structured interviews guideline and interviews were conducted. The Supreme Court of Pakistan in its landmark decision has given Eunuchs the basic human rights, like health, education; identification and security, to name a few. The Action of the Supreme Court of Pakistan has resulted in a verdict that make it obligatory for the Government to entrust the basic human rights to this marginalized section of the society. Result of the study was based on thematic analyses of the interviews conducted. The study has revealed that the eunuchs have very low social status in the society. Their deprivation is grounded in their non-recognition as a separate gendered human being beyond the malefemale dichotomy. Majority of them have to face rejection from their families and are discriminated right from the beginning. The research has indicated that in fact, after Supreme Court Action there has been some change in the society's attitude towards them, yet they still face difficulties in getting access to these facilities. Eunuchs as citizens, and a part of society's diversity, have citizenship rights that need to be protected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comparing with the 37 year checkered constitutional history (1973-2010), the first decade of 21st Century, brought some hope for Pakistan. That was adoption of 18th Constitutional Amendment. It was a damage-control exercise which was proposed by an All Party Parliamentary Committee (APPC). To what extent, the 18th Constitutional Amendment restored the original constitution and what are its salient features, is the subject of this paper. Defects found in the 18th Amendment created a head on collision between Parliament and judiciary. However, these were subsequently rectified through the 19th Amendment passed after few months of the previous bill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bureaucracy forms life blood of any government and it serves as a black box where the public demands and supports are transformed into actions and policies. This paper analyzes the role of Pakistan's bureaucracy in policy issues and the various elements that have shaped its character in the country's governance. Dynamics of policy making have been discussed, followed by the configuration and nature of Pakistan's bureaucracy under different regimes. Through historical study, evidential examination and observation; current role of bureaucracy in policy matters has been argued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper evaluates the rising Pakistani Nationalism and suggests how to use it as a tool of public administration for good governance. Pakistani nationalism is on the rise, Pakistan is moving towards greater integration and most of the Pakistanis take pride in their nationality and say, "our life starts from Pakistan and ends at Pakistan". Today there is not a single separatist movement in the country. The character of political parties is changing from regionalism to nationalism. The trend will further develop and Pakistanis will very soon emerge as a closely integrated nation in the world. This trend can be very effectively used as tool of public administration. The administrators will discharge their duties with more vigour and those administered, will follow the order with more loyalty if motivated by nationalism. It will enable us to control corruption, nepotism; (by the administrators) dishonesty and inefficiency etc (by those administered) and improve overall governance in the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

South Asia has a chequered history, as it has confronted great crisis and problem, such as poverty, bad governance, corruption, illiteracy and terrorism. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was established in 1985, in Bangladesh, with the objective to promote economic development and prosperity of the South Asian people. It is not considered as a successful organisation due to the authoritative role of India and apprehensive behaviour of small states. The member countries are not ready to accept the superiority of India as it never agreed on negotiating on an equal basis with its neighbours. The recent example is the cancellation of the 19th SAARC summit. India pulled out of the summit, which was to be held in Islamabad in November 2016. Cancellation of this summit is a bad omen for the entire region and particularly for Pakistan. This paper is aimed to highlight the different aspects of strategic and economic cooperation that can be useful for energising SAARC. In the backdrop of recent events in the region, when India's hegemony is increasing and Pakistan's economic standing has improved substantially, it is imperative that this platform should be utilised to bring these countries closer. In this age of regional connectivity and harmonious economic growth, the SAARC nations should use this forum to forge long-lasting ties and for the peace and stability of the entire region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]