Search

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is identified as the most common endocrine disorder in reproductive-aged women, and symptoms of PCOS appear during the early pubertal age. There is a gap in knowledge in recognizing the status of gingival inflammation/periodontal destruction and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels (hsCRP) in adolescents versus adults with PCOS. This study aimed to observe the impact of PCOS on periodontal status and systemic inflammation in adolescents and compared them with adults with PCOS. Methods: A total of 100 newly diagnosed female subjects with PCOS were enrolled into two groups: adolescents (11–19 years, n = 50) and adult females (20–40 years, n = 50). Periodontal parameters, anthropometric parameters, PCOS phenotype, hirsutism score, and serum hsCRP levels were recorded. Results: High levels of mean hsCRP, gingival index, and bleeding on probing % were observed in adolescent and adult PCOS groups, though nonsignificant between the groups (p > 0.05). Significantly more sites with probing pocket depth 3–4 mm, higher mean clinical attachment level (CAL) and sites with CAL 1–2 mm, and high frequency of patients (n = 11) with periodontitis (stage 1) were observed in adults with PCOS compared to adolescents (p ≤ 0.05). Similar and predominant prevalence of PCOS phenotype A (66%) and moderate hirsutism (46% adolescents vs. 58% adults) were observed in both groups. Conclusion: Similar levels of hsCRP and periodontal inflammation were found in adolescents and adults with PCOS. More periodontal tissue destruction was observed in adults with PCOS as compared to adolescents with PCOS. Highlights of the Study: High levels of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and periodontal inflammation were observed in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), similar to adult females with PCOS. Initiation of periodontal inflammation and destruction in adolescents with PCOS may present a risk for progression of periodontal disease if not treated at an early age. Periodontal tissue destruction was significantly higher in adults with PCOS compared to adolescents with PCOS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

These studies differ in the use of a self-rated depression scale for assessment of depression and diagnosed periodontitis patients [[26]], recruitment of adolescent population, and use of a general health questionnaire for depression [[25]] which might not be sensitive enough to capture variations. Income of patients with moderate depression was significantly less as compared to patients with mild depression and controls ( I p i < 0.05) while income of mild depression and control group patients were comparable. The percentage of sites with PPD 4-5 mm and >=6 mm was found to be significantly higher in patients with moderate depression when compared to patients with mild depression and the control group. The number of teeth with gingival recession was significantly greater in patients with mild depression when compared to patients with moderate depression ( I p i < 0.05). [Extracted from the article]