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Postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion formation is a major clinical problem. We aimed to examine the preventive effect of treatment with the platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist (lexipafant, BB-882) on experimentally induced intra-abdominal adhesion formation in rats. Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250 and 290 g were studied. Generation of adhesions in rats by brushing a 1-cm² area of the cecum and the peritoneum on the right side of the abdominal wall was followed by intra-abdominal administration of saline and 5 mg/kg in a volume of 0.2 ml PAF receptor antagonist BB-882. After 45 days, formation of adhesions was graded and histological evaluation was processed. The severity of adhesions was significantly less in the BB-882 group than in the control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.05). The average adhesion scores in the control and BB-882 groups were 3.2 ± 0.6 and 0.6 ± 0.6, respectively, and the difference between both groups was found to be significant (p < .0001). The number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and fibrotic areas was significantly decreased in the BB-882 group when compared to the control group (p < 0.001, p < 0.002). In conclusion, this study confirms the efficacy of BB-882 in the prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions in a rat model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]