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Background: Recent findings suggest that fluoroquinolones, most prescribed antibiotic to treat various infections, have increased abdominal aortic aneurysm formation. We aimed to investigate the relation of the development of abdominal aortic aneurysm and the duration of ciprofloxacin use. Methods: Male Sprague--Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups to administer saline to the control groups and CaCl2 to the aneurysm groups. These groups were then divided into 3 subgroups: intraperitoneal saline, ciprofloxacin for 2 weeks, and ciprofloxacin for 4 weeks. At the end of 4 weeks, the diameter of abdominal aorta was determined by ultrasonography and animals were sacrificed to obtain abdominal aorta specimens. Elastic fiber fracture, tunica media layer thickness, and aortic tissue damage were evaluated histologically. Results: Aortic diameter of control-saline (2.15 mm ± 0.06), control-2 weeks (2.25 mm ± 0.06), and control-4 weeks (3.31 mm ± 0.09) ciprofloxacin groups was significantly different (P < .0001). Also, aortic diameter of aneurysm-saline (2.07 mm ± 0.02), aneurysm-2 weeks ciprofloxacin (3.33 mm ± 0.64), and aneurysm-4 weeks ciprofloxacin (8.55 mm ± 1.70) groups showed significant increase in aortic diameter with increasing duration of ciprofloxacin use (P < .01). A significant difference was found between the control-saline (0.00 ± 0.00), control-2 weeks (1.50 ± 0.33), and control-4 weeks ciprofloxacin groups (1.57 ± 0.20) in the histological aneurysm scores (P < .001). Aortic tunica media thickness did not change between control-saline and control-ciprofloxaci in groups (P > .05). Conclusion: The study showed that ciprofloxacin caused injury in the aortic wall but not a significant change in the thickness of the aortic tunica media layer. The duration of cipro- floxacin use was important in the development of aneurysm and aneurysm severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Trauma & Emergency Surgery / Ulusal Travma ve Acil Cerrahi Dergisi is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE This study is a comparison of contoured diagnostic images derived from computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by both a radiation oncologist (RO) and a radiologist (R) using volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) techniques. METHODS CT and MRI sections of 16 patients were contoured by the RO and the R. Planning target volume (PTV) criteria assessed were conformity index (CI), homogeneity index (HI), volume covered by 98% isodose line (V 98%) and maximum dose (Dmax). In critical organs, 40 Gy organ area volume (V40), 65 Gy organ area volume ( V65), and Dmean criteria were evaluated. Paired samples t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS PTV and critical organs were compared. MRI PTV and bladder volume drawn by R were lower. Comparison of CT images revealed IMRT plans were superior in terms of Dmax and CI, while V40 and Dmean values for rectum and bladder were lower in MRI-based VMAT plans. In MRI plans, IMRT was superior in terms of PTV, Dmax, CI, V65, and Dmean for critical organs; however, critical organs were well preserved with both planning techniques. CONCLUSION There was some difference between contouring of the R and the RO, which was reflected in the treatment plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autoimmune pancreatitis has been described as a pancreatic manifestation of immunoglobulin G4-related disease, which is characterized by typical histopathologic, radiologic, and clinical features. Immunoglobulin G4-related disease is usually accompanied by elevated serum immunoglobulin G4 level, and can involve multiple organ/systems. Immunoglobulin G4-related disease has rarely been reported in pediatric population. There are few reports of inflammatory bowel disease in association with immunoglobulin G4-related disease. We describe a 7-year-old girl who presented with pancreatitis and concurrent sclerosing cholangitis, and developed bloody diarrhea during follow-up. An endoscopic examination revealed inflammatory bowel disease, and later lacrimal gland involvement was also recognized. She was diagnosed as having immunoglobulin G4-related disease, and her clinical signs and symptoms improved dramatically after steroid treatment. Hence, awareness of the clinical picture is important and early diagnosis can prevent fibrosis and organ damage., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest: No conflict of interest was declared by the authors., (Copyright: © 2020 Turkish Archives of Pediatrics.)