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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has always been a great threat to public health, and about 2 billion people in the world have the history of HBV infection. Chronic HBV infection can lead to chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. At present, nucleoside analogues (NAs) and interferons (IFNs) have been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in China. Long-term use of NAs has good safety and tolerability and can effectively inhibit viral replication and reduce the risk of liver-related complications, but there are still the issues such as long and uncertain course of treatment, risk of drug resistance, and recurrence after drug withdrawal. IFNs have severe side effects with limited seroconversion and cure rate. Therefore, the research and development of new antiviral drugs with different targets of HBV is of vital importance for the treatment of chronic HBV infection. This article summarizes the research advances in anti-HBV drugs with different targets, so as to provide a reference for clinical and research work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]