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In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the medication knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of urban residents in Shijiazhuang, while also analyzing potential risks and influencing factors in the medication process. An online questionnaire was used to investigate the current medication situation among Shijiazhuang residents. Statistical analyses, such as one-way ANOVA, Student's t-test, logistic regression, and Spearman correlation, were employed. The results showed that the average scores of resident' knowledge, attitudes, and practices were (110.4 ± 18.3) points, (39.0 ± 12.2) points, and (91.3 ± 11.5) points, respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that age, education, and occupation were the main factors affecting medication knowledge; education and occupation were the primary factors affecting medication attitude; and medication practices were mainly influenced by gender and age. The study found that as age increased, the level of medication knowledge and practices among residents also improved, with those aged 36--65 showing higher knowledge. Male residents exhibited lower knowledge, attitude, and practices of medication than their female counterparts. Non-medical and health industries, as well as low education levels, were important factors for the lack of medication knowledge and poor attitude among residents. The correlation coefficient between medication knowledge and practices was 0.331 (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the KAP of safe medication among residents in Shijiazhuang was generally moderate. Medication education should target special groups, such as those with low education levels, non-medical and health practitioners, males, and specific age groups, to promote safe and rational medication. This study provides a reference for public education on safe medication practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]