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Introduction: Gall Stone Disease shows aprevalence of 10-15% with 1.4% incidence every year in developed nations. Gall bladder illness results in a expenditure of 6.2 billion US dollars, which has risen by 20% in last 30 years and has built up a considerable health burden. Various risk factors for formation of gall stones have been postulated such as dietary habits, gender, obesity, age, multiparity and decreased physical activity. Methods: The present study was conducted on 50 patients with gall stones disease admitted in the Department of Surgery during period of 2020-2022 at MMMC & H Kumarhatti, Solan, H.P. Gall stones assessed by clinical and ultrasonographic examination of abdomen and confirmed on gross operative findings. Fasting 10 ml peripheral venous blood was collected from each patient and was processed for Serum Lipid Profile. Results: In our study,Total 50 patients with Gall stones were recruited. The Mean age was 49.48±12.78 years. 70% were females and 30 % were males.The mean BMI was 25.25±2.79 kg/m2. 50% of the study population had BMI in the healthier range while 44% had BMI in overweight category and only 6% patients with gall bladder stones were obese. The mean Total cholesterol was 207.98±54.11mg/dl, TG was 156.02±40.09mg/dl, HDL was 35.70±9.96 mg/dl, LDL was 141.08±49.05mg/dl while VLDL was 31.20±8.0209mg/dl Conclusion: Present study showed that Mean Age is 49.48 ± 12.78 years. Females are more affected with Gall Stones than Males. Patients with raised Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL, VLDL had higher BMI(Overweight and Obese category), HDL was below normal with higher BMI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Intestinal stoma is an opening for fecal diversion. The purpose of the present study was to identify indications for commonly performed intestinal stomas and to study complications related to it. Methods: This is a retrospective study was carried out in surgical unit of Guru Gobind singh medical college, Faridkot from April 2019 to March 2021. All patients were admitted through emergency and OPD basis and underwent surgery for various reasons and were followed up to note any complication which resulted in the creation of intestinal stomas. The results were collected, analyzed and compared with other studies. Results: Out of 100 patients, 73were males and 27 were females. The mean age was 39.4 years with a range of 16-75 years. 96 stomas were made in emergency and only 4 in routine. There were 72 cases of ileostomy. Out of these, 64 (84%) were loop ileostomy. The most common type of stoma made was loop ileostomy (64%) followed by sigmoid colostomy (14%). Main indication for a stoma formation was enteric perforation (40%) followed by Koch’s abdomen (16%). Of the various complications encountered with intestinal stoma, peristomal excoriation (32%). Conclusions: Inspite of vast exposure of general surgeons towards stoma formation the complications are inevitable. Early detection of complication and its timely management is the keystone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]