1. Association Between Air Pollutants and Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Time Stratified Case‐Crossover Design With a Distributed Lag Nonlinear Model
- Author
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Yanchen Liu, Xiaoli Han, Xudong Cui, Xiangkai Zhao, Xin Zhao, Hongmiao Zheng, Benzhong Zhang, and Xiaowei Ren
- Subjects
Epidemiology ,Biogeosciences ,Volcanic Effects ,Global Change from Geodesy ,Oceanography: Biological and Chemical ,Atmospheric PM2.5 in China: indoor, outdoor, and health effects ,Volcanic Hazards and Risks ,time‐stratified case‐crossover study ,Oceans ,Sea Level Change ,Stochastic Phenomena ,Disaster Risk Analysis and Assessment ,Waste Management and Disposal ,Water Science and Technology ,Global and Planetary Change ,Marine Pollution ,Climate and Interannual Variability ,Pollution ,Climate Impact ,Earthquake Ground Motions and Engineering Seismology ,Explosive Volcanism ,Earth System Modeling ,Atmospheric Processes ,Probability Distributions, Heavy and Fat‐tailed ,Public Health ,Ocean Monitoring with Geodetic Techniques ,Ocean/Atmosphere Interactions ,Mathematical Geophysics ,Atmospheric ,Regional Modeling ,Atmospheric Effects ,Volcanology ,Temporal Analysis and Representation ,Megacities and Urban Environment ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Hydrological Cycles and Budgets ,Decadal Ocean Variability ,Land/Atmosphere Interactions ,Extreme Events ,Geodesy and Gravity ,Global Change ,Time Series Analysis ,Air/Sea Interactions ,Numerical Modeling ,Urban Systems ,Solid Earth ,Geological ,Ocean/Earth/atmosphere/hydrosphere/cryosphere interactions ,AECOPD ,Water Cycles ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Modeling ,Aerosols and Particles ,Avalanches ,Volcano Seismology ,Benefit‐cost Analysis ,respiratory tract diseases ,distributed lag nonlinear model ,air pollutants ,Space Plasma Physics ,Computational Geophysics ,Regional Climate Change ,Scaling: Spatial and Temporal ,Natural Hazards ,Abrupt/Rapid Climate Change ,Informatics ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Pollution: Urban, Regional and Global ,Surface Waves and Tides ,Atmospheric Composition and Structure ,Time Series Experiments ,Volcano Monitoring ,Seismology ,Climatology ,Nonlinear Geophysics ,Radio Oceanography ,Geohealth ,Gravity and Isostasy ,Marine Geology and Geophysics ,Physical Modeling ,Oceanography: General ,Pollution: Urban and Regional ,Cryosphere ,Impacts of Global Change ,Oceanography: Physical ,Research Article ,Risk ,Persistence, Memory, Correlations, Clustering ,Oceanic ,Theoretical Modeling ,complex mixtures ,Radio Science ,Tsunamis and Storm Surges ,Paleoceanography ,Climate Dynamics ,Numerical Solutions ,Climate Change and Variability ,Aerosols ,Stochastic Processes ,Effusive Volcanism ,Climate Variability ,General Circulation ,Policy Sciences ,Climate Impacts ,Mud Volcanism ,Air/Sea Constituent Fluxes ,Mass Balance ,Ocean influence of Earth rotation ,Volcano/Climate Interactions ,Hydrology ,Sea Level: Variations and Mean - Abstract
Acute exacerbation of chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (AECOPD) as a respiratory disease, is considered to be related to air pollution by more and more studies. However, the evidence on how air pollution affect the incidence of AECOPD and whether there are population differences is still insufficient. Therefore, we select PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3 as representatives combined with daily AECOPD admission data from 1 January 2015 to 26 June 2016 in the rural areas of Qingyang, northwestern China to explore the associations of air pollution with AECOPD. Based on a time‐stratified case‐crossover design, we constructed a distributed lag nonlinear model to qualify the single and cumulative lagged effects of air pollution on AECOPD. Stratified related risks by sex and age were also reported. The cumulative exposure‐response curves were approximately linear for PM2.5, “V”‐shaped for PM10, “U”‐shaped for NO2 and inverted‐“V” for SO2, CO and O3. Exposure to high‐PM2.5 (42 μg/m3), high‐PM10 (91 μg/m3), high‐SO2 (58 μg/m3), low‐NO2 (12 μg/m3), and high‐CO (1.55 mg/m3) increased the risk of AECOPD. Females aged 15–64 were more susceptible under extreme concentrations of PM2.5, SO2, CO, and low‐PM10 than other subgroups. In addition, adults aged 15–64 were more sensitive to extreme concentrations of NO2 compared with the elderly ≥65 years old, while the latter were more sensitive to high‐PM10. High‐SO2, high‐NO2, and extreme concentrations of PM2.5 had the greatest effects on the day of exposure, while low‐SO2 and low‐CO had lagged effects on AECOPD. Precautionary measures should be taken with a focus on vulnerable subgroups, to control hospitalization for AECOPD associated with air pollutants., Key Points Exposure to high‐PM2.5, high‐PM10, high‐SO2, low‐NO2, and high‐CO increased the risk of acute exacerbation of chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD)The cumulative curves were approximately linear for PM2.5, “V”‐shaped for PM10, “U”‐shaped for NO2 and inverted‐”V” for SO2, CO and O3 The nonlinear effects on acute exacerbation of COPD at different lags varied based on the air pollutants, involved gender and age
- Published
- 2022