1. Quelles pratiques en assistance médicale à la procréation devant un patient à risque viral ?
- Author
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Llabador, Marie-Astrid and Ferraretto, Xavier
- Subjects
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ARTIFICIAL insemination , *LYMPHOCYTE count , *VIRAL load , *PATIENT compliance , *ANTIRETROVIRAL agents - Abstract
The rules relating to good clinical and biological practice in Assited Reproductive Technologies (ART) concerning the management of patients infected with HIV, HBV or HCV have changed several times since 2001, until the latest decree dated 5 October 2023, which definitively abandons the term 'viral risk' and allows all establishments authorised to carry out intrauterine insemination or ART techniques to manage these patients. The previously detailed recommendations have disappeared altogether, since all that remains is the requirement for multidisciplinary care. It is therefore now necessary to base the management of these patients on the infectious diseases and hepatology recommendations relating to these different viruses. Management of HIV patients is based on the systematic initiation of antiretroviral treatment for at least 6 months, to control HIV viral load and CD4+ lymphocyte count. It is important to ensure good compliance and efficacy of the treatment, with a target viral load of less than 50 copies/mL and a CD4+ count > 200/mm3, as well as the absence of urogenital infection. If the patient is likely to become pregnant, it is important to ensure that the antiretroviral treatment is compatible with pregnancy. Regarding to the management of patients with HBV, in the absence of treatment it is important to ensure that the viral load remains stable at less than 2000 IU/mL and that the virus has no impact on liver function. If this is not the case, it will be necessary to discuss the introduction of treatment compatible with the child's plans. It is essential to ensure that the partner of the infected person is immune to HBV. For patients infected with HCV, the existence of curative treatment means that each patient carrying the virus must be treated before any ART care; treatment before the introduction of curative treatment must be reserved exclusively for emergencies. HTLV oncoviruses can be screened in patients from endemic areas such as south-west Japan, the Caribbean, Latin America, tropical Africa and certain regions of the Middle East and Australo-Melanesia. The main aim of screening is to prevent transmission to the child and partner. The treatment of patients infected with one or more of these viruses should never be the only reason for their undergoing ART ; this must be linked to the existence of infertility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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