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The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between serum magnesium (Mg) concentrations in middle-aged and older men, and the occurrence of selected metabolic and hormonal disorders. The study involved a total of 313 men aged 50-75 years, and who underwent standard anthropometric measurements. Also determined were blood serum Mg, lipid parameters - total cholesterol (TCh), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG) and carbohydrate metabolism parameters - glucose, insulin (I). In men with a normal total testosterone (TT) concentration, serum Mg was significantly higher compared to patients with a total testosterone deficiency. The subjects with metabolic syndrome had lower serum Mg compared to patients without metabolic syndrome. Serum Mg concentration in type 2 diabetes mellitus was lower compared to men without diabetes. In patients with arterial hypertension, serum Mg concentration was lower than in patients without hypertension. Statistically significant negative correlations were found for the relationships between Mg concentration and body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, abdominal circumference, arterial blood pressure. Statistically significant, positive correlations were found for the relationships between Mg concentration and TT, TCh, LDL concentrations. The lower serum Mg level may be conducive to the development of total testosterone deficiency, arterial hypertension, diabetes, and therefore metabolic syndrome.

Approximately 30% of a woman's life is spent in the postmenopausal period. This is when steroid hormone deficiency is often accompanied by mineral homeostasis perturbations and deficiencies that could be related to the intensity of any clinical symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess how serum Mg and Zn levels in postmenopausal women correlate with climacteric symptoms, body mass index (BMI), and the time interval since the final menstruation. The study involved 171 healthy, postmenopausal women, who had had their final menstruation at least one year prior to the study and who did not use menopausal hormone therapy. Both hypomagnesaemia and hypozincaemia were detected in the postmenopausal women involved in this study. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences between serum Mg levels, depending on the time interval since the final menstruation (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in serum Mg and Zn levels between women as regards the severity of the climacteric symptoms or BMI (p>0.05). In conclusion, serum Mg and Zn concentrations in postmenopausal women, not using MHT, were low. The average serum Mg levels decreased considerably with the time since the final menstruation. No correlation between BMI and worsening of climacteric symptoms and serum Mg and Zn concentrations in postmenopausal women, not using MHT was found.

Drug addiction is a complex problem which leads to many somatic, psychic and social diseases. It is accompanied by the disturbed metabolism of various macro and micronutrients. The aim of this study was to assess serum magnesium concentration in drug-addicted patients and analyze whether Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and methadone treatment affect the level of serum magnesium in these patients. The examination was conducted in a group of 83 people - patients of Szczecin-Zdroje Psychiatric Hospital (Poland). They were 21 to 49 years old, and the mean age was 32 +/- 7 years. The control group consisted of 81 healthy individuals. Flame atomic-absorption spectrometry method was used to determine the magnesium concentration. The total serum magnesium concentration was calculated for the whole patient group, subgroups of women and men, a subgroup of people infected with HIV, and a subgroup receiving methadone substitution treatment. How magnesium behaves depending on age and addiction period, was checked. The mean concentration of magnesium in blood serum of the patients examined was 0.57 mmol/L, which was significantly lower than in the control group. In the subgroup of men it was 0.57 mmol/L, and in the subgroup of women - 0.55 mmol/L; the differences were not statistically significant. In the patient group nobody had the appropriate magnesium concentration in blood serum. No significant correlation was found between the magnesium concentration, age of the patients and addiction period. In the subgroup of seropositive people the mean concentration of magnesium was 0.55 mmol/L, and in the subgroup of non-infected patients - 0.58 mmol/L; the difference was not statistically significant. The mean concentration of magnesium in the subgroup treated with methadone was 0.59 mmol/L, and in the subgroup not involved in this type of therapy - 0.55 mmol/L; it was not a statistically significant difference.

The basic functions of bioelements in biological systems is widely known. Depletion of bioelements and excess of toxic elements lead to impairment of metabolism in the living organism. The existence of magnesium deficiencies in the adult and pediatric populations may cause increased accumulation of toxic metals including lead and cadmium. Prevention of adverse effects of toxic metals may include supplementation with some bioelements and vitamins. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of magnesium supplementation on concentrations of chosen bioelements and toxic metals in hair in the adult human population. The research was performed on 124 individuals (53 males and 71 females aged 19-72 years), inhabitants of the city of Szczecin. The concentrations of magnesium, zinc, copper, lead and cadmium were studied in hair. Measurements were performed using the inversion volt-amperometry method with application of an EDD-Tribo PC ETP volt-amperometer. Finally, the supplementation study enrolled 65 individuals with an increased concentration of lead. The studied individuals were divided into two groups: one treated group that enrolled 50 patients who were supplemented with magnesium and the control group that enrolled 15 persons receiving placebo. Finally, supplementation was completed by 32 individuals from the treated group and 10 individuals from the control group. Supplementation was performed using Slow-Mag-B6 preparation at the total daily dose of five tablets divided into 2-3 doses. One tablet contains 535 mg of magnesium chloride i.e. 64 mg of magnesium ions (5.26 mEgMg2) and 5 mg of vitamin B6. Supplementation was performed for a period of 3 months. The remaining individuals did not complete the supplementation due to various reasons; however, none of them resulted from the poor tolerance of the preparation or its adverse events. The results achieved underwent statistical analysis. The results of the study revealed a positive influence of supplementation on concentrations of magnesium and copper in the human body. Supplementation with magnesium caused a statistically significant decrease in concentrations of lead and cadmium. The above mentioned results indicate a positive influence of magnesium supplementation on the decrease of lead and cadmium hair content in the individuals studied.

We examined 83 mothers from Szczecin (north-west part of Poland) and their 83 neonates. Concentrations of total and ionized magnesium in maternal and cord serum, as well as total magnesium in hair were determined. Higher levels of total magnesium were noted in neonates (cord serum, hair) than mothers. A positive correlation was ascertained between total magnesium in maternal and cord serum. Magnesium in maternal hair correlated negatively with ionized magnesium in cord serum. Male neonates demonstrated higher levels of magnesium in cord blood and hair than females. There was no effect of maternal age, education level, or number of past pregnancies on the concentration of magnesium in mothers or neonates.