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The article reports that Tear Film & Ocular Surface Society's Dry Eye Workshop (DEWS) II Report updated the definition of dry eye disease, describing it as a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbance and tear film instability with potential damage to the ocular surface. It mentions that increased osmolarity of the tear film and inflammation of the ocular surface focused on meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD).

The article suggests a new way to assess patients who still struggle with symptoms, and it all begins with a closer look at their eyelid function and dysfunction. It mentions the eyelids are the primary protectors of the tear film, corneal nerves and conjunctiva; and contain the meibomian glands and some of the accessory lacrimal glands critical for tear film stability.

The article discusses optimizing the ocular surface with advanced therapies. Topics include contemporary practice which offers a wide range of options to treat ocular surface disease (OSD); common cause of OSD is meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD); and symptoms and reduce inflammation by preventing overnight desiccating stress.