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Introduction: Bone health is a crucial concern in diabetes. There are evidences for relating diabetes mellitus as a risk factor for osteoporotic fractures. Because of the large number of patients with diabetes, this condition cannot be neglected in the daily routine of dental clinics. Previous studies revealed that the thickness of the inferior cortex of the mandible can be used to predict occurrence of osteoporosis in patients. Apart from this, literature also supports the fact that panoramic radiomorphometric indices are significantly correlated with mandibular bone mineral density. Aim: To measure radiomorphometric indices of mandible on panoramic radiographs of diabetics and non diabetic individuals so that diabetes induced mandibular bony changes could be assessed. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on 100 people who were divided in to 4 groups of 25 subjects each. Group 1 consisted of healthy controls; Group 2 consisted of type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects; Group 3 consisted of type 2 diabetics on calcium supplements and Group 4 had subjects with type 1 diabetes. A panoramic radiograph was taken for all sample population. Images were saved and viewed in DICOM format. After taking DICOM printout, all indices were manually drawn and measurements were taken. Kruskal wallis test was used to compare panoramic indices between groups. Since it was significant, dunn bonferroni test was applied. Results: MI (Mental Index), AI (Antegonial Index) and GI (Gonial Index) showed statistically significant difference between diabetics and healthy controls. PMI (Panoramic Mandibular Index) had no appreciable variation between diabetics and non diabetics. Conclusion: There was a significant reduction of bone mineral density in type 1 as well as type 2 diabetics. Thus MI, AI and GI can be considered as a primary screening tool for better appreciation of diabetic bone mineral density.

Introduction: Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous disease affecting the oral cavity which has been associated with severe burning sensation which in turn affects the quality of life of the patients. Currently, the effective treatment of choice remains the use of corticosteroids. The chronicity and recalcitrant nature of the disease demand the long term use of these drugs with ensuing adverse effects. Turmeric and its active ingredient, “curcumin”, have been found to have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. Hence, this intervention study was done to evaluate the efficacy of curcumin oral gel in the management of oral lichen planus. Aim: The study was conducted to compare the efficacy of 1% curcumin gel with the conventional mid-potent topical corticosteroid, triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% in managing the signs and symptoms of OLP. Materials and Methods: An intervention study was conducted on 75 patients diagnosed with OLP divided into three groups, Group 1 (0.1% triamcinolone acetonide oral paste thrice daily in tapering doses), Group 2 (curcumin oral gel thrice daily) and Group 3 (curcumin oral gel six times daily). The patients were analysed for the symptom (burning) and sign (erythema and ulceration) using the numerical rating score and Modified Oral Mucositis Index (MOMI) for a period of three months on a bimonthly basis. The results were analysed using Students t-test and unpaired t-test. Results: Intragroup comparison using paired t-test showed statistically significant reduction in burning sensation (p

Introduction: It has long been recognized that vitamin D is a hormone and were many studies reporting that patients in periodontal maintenance programs taking vitamin D and calcium supplementation had a trend for better periodontal health compared to patients not taking supplementation. Aim: To evaluate the effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation in reducing gingival inflammation, using clinical parameters like gingival index (GI), oral hygiene index-simplified (OHIS), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bone density (BD). Also, to assess whether calcium and vitamin D oral supplementation influences alveolar Bone Density (BD). Design and Settings: A nonrandomised clinical trial done in Amrita School of dentistry, Kochi, India. Materials and Methods: Group A taking vitamin D (250IU/ day) and calcium (500 mg/day) supplementation, and Group B were not taking oral supplementation. All subjects had at least one or more teeth with chronic moderate periodontitis. Digital Orthopantomogram images were taken to assess bone density. Data were collected at baseline and three months. Statistical Analysis used: OHI-S, GI, PPD, CAL, and Bone Densities (BD) were calculated per group. Karl Pearson Coefficient of correlation was used to test correlation of bone density with GI and OHI -S. Intergroup comparison of parameters were done using Independent two Sample t-test. Intragroup comparison of parameters at recall interval was done using Paired sample t-test. The results were considered statistically significant when p-value was