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Aim: Keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT) is a benign odontogenic neoplasm with locally aggressive behavior and high recurrence rates. It is associated with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome which usually has a more rapid growth. The aim of the study is to report the experience of our service on diagnosis and treatment of KOT., Materials and Methods: Twenty-five cases of KOT were diagnosed between the years of 1989 and 2006. Demographic data was collected as well as diagnose and treatment., Results: Fifty-six percent were female with a mean age of 33 years old. Seventy percent occurred in mandibula and all received surgical treatment, associate or not with adjuvant therapy, such as cryotherapy and Carnoy's solution. Recidive was observed in 48% of cases with a mean period of time of 18 months., Conclusion: Our data analysis showed the importance of previous diagnosis before enucleation procedure and long-term follow-up for recurrence early detection. Recurrence incidence is more frequent on first year after diagnosis., Clinical Significance: KOT is a benign tumor with local aggressive behavior and therefore its treatment must consider the high index of recidive. Reports of protocol treatment should raise new discussion to decrease recurrence rates.

Aim: The aim of this case report is to emphasize the importance of an early diagnosis of Gardner's syndrome through the detection of lesions appearing in the oral and maxillofacial area as well as to present two cases of the disease., Background: Gardner's syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by gastrointestinal polyps that develop in the colon as well as in the stomach and upper intestine, along with multiple osteomas, skin, and soft tissue tumors. Cutaneous findings may include desmoid tumors, epidermoid cysts, and other benign tumors. Early diagnosis and therapy of the disease are critical because polyps have a 100% risk of undergoing malignant transformation. Craniomaxillofacial manifestations (osteoma formation, tooth impaction, diffuse opacities in the skull, mandible and maxilla, scalp tumors) usually precede polyposis., Report: Case 1: Gardner's syndrome was diagnosed in a 25-year-old Caucasian man who was referred by his endodontist for evaluation of an uncommon radiographic image in the mandibular molar area. Further investigation revealed a familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) complicated by adenocarcinoma of the colon. A colectomy and an ileorectal anastomosis were performed. Case 2: A 12-year-old Caucasian girl, who is a niece of the patient described in Case 1, presented with progressive difficulty with mouth opening but no complaints of digestive problems. Radiographic examination revealed multiple radiopacities in the maxilla, mandible left temporomandibular joint, and in the left mandibular angle. Multiple impacted teeth were present. A colonoscopy was suggested, but the patient's parents decided to continue the investigation and treatment with their own physician in their home town., Summary: Since an early diagnosis is essential and general dental practitioners may be the first healthcare professionals to suspect the diagnosis, it is important for them to be familiar with the features of Gardner's syndrome.

A case of spontaneous bone regeneration after mandibulectomy is presented. The patient was young and had a mandibular resection performed for a large fibroma. Only one of the condyles was preserved. Partial preservation of the periosteum may play an important role in rapid bone regeneration. In this case bone regeneration occurred only in mandibular regions where the periosteum could be preserved.