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Aim: "Today's adolescents are tomorrow's citizens." Tobacco use in children and adolescents is reaching pandemic levels as they are the most vulnerable population to initiate tobacco use. It is well established that most of the adult users of tobacco, start the use of tobacco either in their childhood or adolescence. Parents are the best route to reach a child and can help lead to bring better outcomes for children. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding the hazards of tobacco use and Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) among the parents visiting pediatric dental clinic., Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire regarding knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding the hazards of tobacco use and COTPA law. Samples size of 400 parents of adolescents aged between 10 and 16 years visiting to the department of Pediatrics and Preventive Dentistry were included in the study, data thus obtained was subjected to statistical analysis., Results: Smoking tobacco product known to the parent population in the present study is cigarette (88.8%) and smokeless tobacco product is pan masala (65.2%). The tobacco health hazard known is cancer by 70.5 and 85.3% parent populations were aware of mandatory display of pictorial health warnings in COTPA law. Strict implementation of COTPA law was opted by 61.8%., Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude, and behavior of parents is required to educate and motivate adolescents. Parents have given their positive attitude regarding the strict implementation of COTPA law in India and realize the role of tobacco as a causative factor for health hazards both in children and adults. COTPA law should be made aware for both young and old to educate and motivate and to prevent the use of tobacco in India., How to Cite This Article: Kattimani S, Thimmegowda U, Nagarathna C. Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Regarding the Hazards of Tobacco Use and Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act among Parents Visiting Pediatric Dental Clinic: A Cross-sectional Questionnaire Survey. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(1):47-53., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None, (Copyright © 2022; The Author(s).)

Background: Radiography is one of the most valuable diagnostic tools used in comprehensive dental care. Radiation from dental radiographs was thought to cause cytogenetic changes and its plausible effects can remain for some hours, months, or generations especially in children., Aims and Objectives: To evaluate and compare the possible genotoxic effect of routinely used intraoral periapical radiographic exposure and radiovisiographic exposure in exfoliated epithelial cells as measured by the formation of micronuclei during single visit pulpectomy procedure using Buccal Micronucleus Cytome (BMCyt) assay in children., Materials and Methods: Study comprised 60 healthy children who has undergone either intraoral periapical radiography (IOPAR; group 1, n = 30) or radiovisiography (RVG; group 2, n = 30) during various steps of single visit pulpectomy procedure. Cytological smears were taken from the buccal mucosa immediately before the X-ray exposure and 10 ± 2 days after exposure. The cells were stained with Feulgen and evaluated for micronuclei by scoring 1,000 cells per sample., Results: The genotoxic effect of radiation exposure from intraoral periapical radiography higher than that of RVG showing significant increase in micronucleus (MN) formation., Conclusion: The X-ray radiation emitted during IOPAR or RVG does induce genotoxic changes in the form of increased frequency of micronuclei. So, great care and standard protocol should be followed to advice radiographs if necessary and reduce the cumulated biological effects of radiation exposure., Keynote: Taking into account the strong evidence of a relationship between DNA damage and carcinogenesis and the extensive application of intraoral radiographs in pediatric dentistry, it would be useful to know to what extent these dental X-rays cause genotoxic effects resulting in DNA damage on oral mucosa., How to Cite This Article: Julu Y, Nagarathna C. Biomonitoring of Genotoxic Effect in Children Exposed to Dental Radiographs during Pulpectomy Procedure-BMCyt Assay. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2022;15(S-1):S63-S70., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None, (Copyright © 2022; The Author(s).)

Background: In children, stainless steel crowns (SSCs) have become an invaluable restorative option for grossly decayed primary teeth. The crowns are manufactured in different sizes with preformed anatomy which requires trimming or contouring as a necessary step to fit an individual tooth. Initially, this may produce variation in the occlusal contact points yet may not result in pain or discomfort. Little research exists regarding bite force equilibration measurements in children after placing SSC, and its influencing factors such as age and gender., Aim and Objective: To evaluate and compare the measurements of bite force pre- and post-cementation of SSC using the conventional technique at maximal intercuspal position (MIP) on primary molars at different time intervals and whether age and gender influence bite force measurements., Design: Bite force and occlusal contacts during occlusion were made using T-Scan III. Twenty children scheduled for treatment who needed SSCs were included. T-Scan measurements of the bite force and occlusal contacts of the maxilla and mandibular teeth were recorded and analyzed before and immediately after cementation of SSC later 4 weeks during the follow-up period. These measurements were correlated with age and gender influence., Results: There was no significant result in the percentage of bite force on the crowned tooth (placement of SSC) at different time intervals. Prematurities were present in all the groups but a significant reduction was seen on the crowned tooth from baseline to 1-month follow-up ( p = 0.03). Also, a statistically significant increase in the bite force was seen in >7 years of age ( p = 0.006) and no statistical significance among the gender., Conclusion: Following the standard tooth preparation, the SSC will continue to appear clinically acceptable for many years. Our study children showed an adaptable masticatory system irrespective of age and gender during growth and development., How to Cite This Article: Aishwarya N, Nagarathna C, Poovani S, et al. Comparison of Bite Force and the Influencing Factors Pre- and Post-cementation of Stainless Steel Crown in Children Using T-Scan. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(1):46-50., Competing Interests: Source of support: Nil Conflict of interest: None, (Copyright © 2021; Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.)