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BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic may have influenced the prehospital emergency care and deaths of individuals experiencing an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Methods and Results: We analyzed the registry data of 2, 420 and 2, 371 OHCA patients in Osaka City, Japan in 2019 and 2020, respectively, according to the 3 waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patient outcomes were compared using multivariable logistic regression analyses with the 2019 data as the reference. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was initiated significantly less frequently in 2020 than in 2019 (2019: 48.0%, 2020: 42.7%, P

Kosuke Kiyohara, Chika Nishiyama, Sumito Hayashida, Tasuku Matsuyama, Toshihiro Hatakeyama, Tomonari Shimamoto, Junichi Izawa, Tomoko Fujii, Yusuke Katayama, Taku Iwami, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Characteristics and Outcomes of Bath-Related Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Japan, Circulation Journal, 2016, Volume 80, Issue 7, Pages 1564-1570, Released June 24, 2016, [Advance publication] Released May 19, 2016, Online ISSN 1347-4820, Print ISSN 1346-9843, https://doi.org/10.1253/circj.CJ-16-0241, https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/circj/80/7/80_CJ-16-0241/_article/-char/en, Background: Characteristics and outcomes of emergency patients with bath-related sudden cardiac arrest in prehospital settings have not been sufficiently investigated. Methods and Results: From a prospective population-based registry, which covers all out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) in Osaka City, a total of 642 patients who had a bath-related OHCA from 2012 to 2014 were enrolled in the analyses. The characteristics and outcomes of OHCA were compared by three locations of arrest: home baths (n=512), public baths (n=102), and baths in other public institutions (n=28). Overall, bath-related OHCAs mainly occurred in winter (December–February, 48.9%, 314/642). The proportion of OHCAs that were witnessed by bystanders was 6.4% (33/512) in home baths, 17.6% (18/102) in public baths, and 25.0% (7/28) in baths in other public institutions. The proportion of public-access automated external defibrillator pad application was 0.8% (4/512) in home baths, 6.9% (7/102) in public baths, and 50.0% (14/28) in baths in other public institutions. Only 1 survivor with a favorable neurologic outcome was observed in a home bath, whereas there were no patients who survived with favorable neurologic outcomes in public baths and baths in other public institutions. Conclusions: Bath-related OHCAs mainly occurred in winter, and the outcome of victims was exceedingly poor, irrespective of location of arrest. The establishment of preventive measures as well as earlier recognition of cardiac arrest by bystanders are needed.

Background: Detailed characteristics of those who experience an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) with public-access defibrillation (PAD) are unknown. Methods and Results: A prospective, population-based observational study involving consecutive OHCA patients with emergency responder resuscitation attempts was conducted from July 1, 2004 through December 31, 2008 in Osaka City. We extracted data for OHCA patients shocked by a public-access automated external defibrillator (AED) and evaluated the patients' and rescuers' characteristics. The main outcome measure was neurologically favorable 1-month survival. During the study period, 10,375 OHCA patients were registered and of 908 patients suffering ventricular fibrillation arrest, 53 (6%) received public-access AED shocks by lay-rescuers, with the proportion increasing from 0% in 2004 to 11% in 2008 (P for trend