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Vermixocins A and B, 3-(1'-hydroxy-3'-methylbutyl)- and 3-(1'-acetoxy-3'-methylbutyl)-11-hydroxy-4-methoxy-9-methyl-5H,7H- dibenzo[c,f][1,5]dioxocin-5-one, respectively, were isolated from the mycelium of Penicillium vermiculatum. Both metabolites showed cytotoxic effects on lympholeukemia cells P388.

Although rebeccamycin exhibits significant in vivo antitumor activity against P388 leukemia and B16 melanoma, its limited solubility in aqueous media posed some problems in further evaluation. In order to find more water-soluble analogues wa have carried out structural modifications of rebeccamycin and in this communication we report some of the promising analogues

Following the discovery of new anthracycline antibiotics, auramycins A and B and sulfurmycins A and B, we found 10 minor analogues of auramycins and sulfurmycins, C, D, E, F and G, from the culture broth of a mutant strain of Streptomyces galilaeus OBB-111 and prepared 2 analogues as the chemical derivatives from auramycin G and sulfurmycin G. All analogues have a sugar moiety at C-7 position of the aglycones. These analogues exhibit activities against Gram-positive bacteria and P388 leukemia.

A new antitumor antibiotic, WF-3405 was isolated from the culture of Amauroascus aureus F-3405. The structure has been determined as 1, 5-dioxiranyl-1, 2, 3, 4, 5-pentanepentanol on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. WF-3405 exhibits strong inhibitory activity against various murine tumors including leukemia P388, leukemia L1210 and Lewis lung carcinoma.

The title new daunorubicin analogues have been prepared from methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-2-C-methyl-alpha-D-ribo-hexopyranosid-3-ulose and daunomycinone. The antitumor activity of these compounds was very similar to that of daunorubicin.

7-Cysteaminomitosane (RR-150) has been reported to be superior to mitomycin C against P388 leukemia and B-16 melanoma in mice and is less leukopenic. Studies reported here indicated the absence of a free thiol group in RR-150 and therefore the structure was incorrectly assigned. Reaction of mitomycin A. with either 2-aminoethanethiol or cystamine gave the same disulfide, 7-N, 7'-N'-dithiodiethylenedimitomycin C, which is the newly proposed structure for RR-150. Attempts to produce 7-cysteaminomitosane by reduction of the disulfide have not succeeded because of its apparent instability.