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In the course of an anatomical investigation of the muscles, securing movements of the mandible, performed on 10 human corpses, the muscle fibre length, volume and weight of each muscle has been estimated. Owing to the formula suggested by P. F. Leshaft (1880)--q = v/e, the physiological diameter of the muscles has been determined. Since the muscle with the diameter equal to 1 cm2 develops an absolute forse of 10 kg, the absolute muscle force value of the anterior group of muscles has been obtained for the first time (venter anterior musculi digastri--4.8 kg, musculus mylohyoideus--10.7 kg and musculus geniohyoideus--6.3 kg). The data on the absolute force of the posterior group of muscles has been verified (musculus masseter--24.2 kg, musculus temporalis--28 kg, musculus pterygoideus medialis--15.6 kg and musculus pterygoideus lateralis--15.5 kg). Analysing the interaction of forces of the muscles participating in the mandible movements, direction and value of displacements of the mandibular fragments have been explained and confirmed on some clinical examples. The data on the absolute force of the muscles studied can be used for investigating the displacement mechanism of the mandibular fragments after its resection and when its integrity is broken.

The modification suggested is a combination of two methods--one with formalin application, another--without formalin application. At first, 5% solution of formalin is injected into the brain arterial bed, then it is injected with an artificial neoprene resine--latex. The preparation is put into a preserving liquid containing no formalin (a mixture of glycerin--45%, acetous potassium--10%, water--45%) for 1.5--2 months.

The authors propose a conservation method developed at the Department of Normal Anatomy of the Pavlov First Medical Institute. The conservation is performed by simultaneous using of chemicals upon which the method is based: conservant and latex. The conservant is a mixture of glycerine, potassium acetate and water in proportion 45% : 10% : 45%. The latex is industrial artifical rubber.