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Influence of unfavourable factors of chemical and radiation enterprises on indices of immune system was studied. Specific and nonspecific reactions of humans were determined. Results of study can assist to develop prophylactic measures directed at prevention of pathological processes in workers.

The study was designed to analyze the impact of the combined electromagnetic fields (EMF) with the wavelength of 10 and 0.8 cm and various levels of energy current density on the central nervous system, metabolic processes, immune resistance and reproductive function. Proceeding from the obtained data maximum allowable levels of EMF produced by the prospective two-channel meteorological++ radars were established.

(CBA X C57B1/6)F1 mice were injected with 125I and 131I-sodium iodide at a dose of 5.74 X 10(4) Bq/g. For a long time after such treatment the animals manifested an increased level of spleen cells humoral immune response to a foreign antigen (sheep erythrocytes), the autoreactivity of spleen and lymph node lymphocytes to autologous erythrocytes was also elevated. At the same time the selective migration of 51Cr-labeled spleen lymphocytes to the peripheral lymphoid organs was suppressed. The use of a model system of adoptive cell transfer revealed an increase in the functional activity of cells suppressing a humoral response in mice treated with radiopharmaceuticals. The most pronounced disturbances of immunological reactivity in mice took place 6 mos. after the beginning of the experiment. The results obtained indicated that mechanisms of immune response regulation played a certain role in disturbances of immunological homeostasis induced by radioactive iodine agents.

Considerable deviations from the normal indices of T- and B-cell components of the immune system were found in patients with oral mucosa cancer. Some differences in immunity indices after 2 types of contact therapy was established. T-lymphocytes were radiosensitive in contact neutron 252Cf radiation, B-lymphocytes in gamma-beam radiation (60Co). The phagocytic component was characterized by relative radioresistance.

Sensitivity of the mice inoculated with ascitic NK/Ly cells and cured with carminomycin to repeated inoculation with the same tumour was studied. It was found that curing with carminomycin was accompanied by development of resistance to the repeated inoculation. Such resistance might be transferred to intact singeneic mice with a suspension of the cells of the spleen or lymph nodes from unsusceptible donors. The transfer of the thymus cells from the above donors protected the recipients only partially. The spleen cells from intact donors, as well as their lymph node cells did not inhibit the tumour development. The thymus cells of the intact mice induced some suppression, thus probably favouring the active immune response in the recipient. Curing of the NK/Ly-inoculated mice with carminomycin was a more effective method for induction of immunity to the tumour than immunization of mice with NK/Ly cells inactivated by UV irradiation in vitro

Results of treatment of 32 patients with phlegmons of the face and neck with the use of reinfusion of UV irradiated blood (RUVIB) are presented. RUVIB was found to exert positive influence upon metabolic processes and thus it created the optimum conditions for the functioning of the immune system improving the clinical effects of the treatment.

Blood laser action (red spectrum, a wavelength of 628 nm, pulsed periodic quasi-continuous duty), a noninvasive tool, was demonstrated to stimulate the immune forces of the body, which showed a 2-fold or more decrease in the incidence of inflammatory complications after cesarean operation.

The response of different physiological systems to ionizing radiation as modified by UHF irradiation of nonthermal intensity was investigated. The experimental rats were exposed to electromagnetic irradiation of the power flux density (PFD) 200 microW/cm2 30 min daily for 8 days and the next day they were exposed to single total-body gamma-irradiation at a dose of 5.5 Gy. Pre-exposure to UHF irradiation reduced 1.5 times the mortality rate of the test animals as compared to the controls. Immunobiological examinations revealed a significant increase of the stimulation index in the mitogen (PHA) induced lymphocyte blast-transformation reaction and a decrease of the autopatch count. The motor activity of the rats exposed for 20 min to gamma-irradiation at a dose of 0.34 Gy and the next day to UHF irradiation (PFD = 40 microW/cm2) for 1 and 5 min remained essentially unchanged. The imprinting of the chicks irradiated in early embryogenesis for 5 min with UHF (PFD = 40 microW/cm2) and then with gamma-rays at a dose of 0.36 Gy was disrupted.