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Emission computed tomography (ECT) was used to examine 48 patients with suspected renal lesions. Sectional images of renal cysts diagnosed in 14 of them were characterized by well-defined outlines surrounded by uniformly declining radiopharmaceutical accumulations. Renal tumors were detected in 25 patients. ECT pattern of the tumor had obscure borders suggesting the tumor invasion into the renal tissue. Accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical round the tumor was less pronounced than in functioning renal tissue. According to ECT findings, 8 subjects were free of urological pathology. It is concluded that ECT is a promising diagnostic tool in urology as it permits sectional visualization of renal neoplasms structure, is highly sensitive, informative and noninvasive. It can identify mass lesions of the kidneys and warrants exhaustive information on functional performance of the renal parenchyma.

Two modifications of the method developed by McCaman and Robins are suggested for the screening of newborns for phenylketonuria and for monitoring the treatment of the detected patients. Phenylalanine levels are measured in the plasma and blood stains dried on the paper for express tests, brand 2, with the use of high-capacity (96 analyses per minute) Fluoroscan-2 fluorometer (Labsystems OY, Finland). A high analytical reliability of the methods is demonstrated. Use of microplates permits taking the minimal volumes of the tested material and reagents.

Fourteen organ-preserving operations were fulfilled for deep ruptures of kidneys in children aged from 2.5 to 14. The examination including echography and dynamic scintigraphy in addition to traditional methods has shown good reestablishment of functioning the damaged kidney. The authors believe the operative organ-preserving treatment to be expedient for deep ruptures of the kidney.

It was found autoradiographically that karminomycin in the therapeutic dose (0.7 mg/kg) significantly hindered cell proliferation of ascitic tumour L-1210, if the cells were at the stage of DNA proliferation during the drug administration. It was shown that karminomycin in a dose of 0.35 mg/kg administered intraperitoneally decreased the number of the leukemic cell of ascitic tumour P-388 by more than 2 times. Then the number of the leukemic cells increased and it doubled during 47 hours. Karminomycin in a dose of 0.7 mg/kg hindered leukemic cell proliferation during 120 hours. The effectiveness of karminomycin therapy in combination with phopurin or cyclophosphan depended on the treatment regimen. Potentiation of the antileukemic effect was noted in the simultaneus use of the drug or in the primary use of cerminomycin 2 hours before administration of phopurin or cyclophosphan. When phopurin or cyclophosphan was used 2 hours before administration of karminomycin, therapeutic effectiveness was lower.

To determine the area of application of citon, a radiopharmaceutical produced in Hungary, a study was made of its major pharmacokinetic properties with relation to the nature and rate of its release from the blood, selective renal excretion, the time of diffusing from the plasma and the time of passing through the kidneys. A total of 45 patients were examined with the help of a computerized gamma-chamber and renograph in the course of dynamic scintigraphy and renography. Analysing the data obtained on the basis of a chamber model of the indicator behavior, using appropriate processing of the recorded curves one can conclude that the behavior of citon differed little from that of other filtrating agents, such as 99mTc-DTPA.