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Disturbance of uteroplacental circulation at white rats considerably reduces percent of survival rate of posterity. Hyperfunction of erythrocyte system and NO-dependent mechanisms of regulation in the first days of pups' life results in an exhaustion of their functional reserves.

Study of the cytochemical characteristics of enzymatic activity of peripheral blood cells in the newborns with a history of medium-severe-chronic intrauterine hypoxia revealed shifts in the levels of succinate dehydrogenase and a-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase. These data imply that changed enzymatic activity of dehydrogenases is an unfavorable prognostic sign indicating failure of adaptation and deterioration of reactivity in the early neonatal period.

The paper discusses the principles of therapy to prevent and correct chronic fetal hypoxia in late gestosis and provides evidence for the rationale of antioxidant therapy. Primary emphasis is laid on the results of the multimodality therapy for late gestosis and associated chronic fetal hypoxia, which was supplemented with essentiale. A follow-up of 549 pregnant females with Grades I, II, and III nephropathy, 153 of whom were receiving essentiale, as well as fetuses and neonates suggests that it is justifiable to apply antioxidative agents to the treatment of late gestosis and associated fetal hypoxia.

Myocardium has been investigated in 68 human fetuses and newborns suffered from intrauterine acute and prolonged hypoxia, occurred as a result of various maternal, fetal and placental diseases. Under acute hypoxia only reactive changes of the contractile myocardium appear. They are demonstrated as degeneration of muscle fibers and appearance of scattered foci of necrosis in cardiomyocytes. Under a prolonged hypoxia, besides analogous reactive changes, compensatory hypertrophy of some part of cardiomyocytes is noted; this is manifestation of a compensatory-adaptive reaction of the myocardium.

Daily injections of 5 mg/kg of aethimizol to female rabbits during the last week of pregnancy results in normalization of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems reactions in response to a graded mechanical stimulation, in an increased ATP content in the erythrocytes, lesser acidotonic shifts in the blood and marked diminution in the number of stillbirths. Under similar conditions of the exeriment sodium oxybutyrate in a dose of 200 mg/kg did not contribute to normalization of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems response reactions, nor did it lower the acidosis in the blood and had no marked effect on the reduction in the number of stillbirths.