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The paper investigates the effect of eleven Audit Committee (AC) characteristics on Firm Performance (FP). It identifies characteristics that significantly influence FP and develops an index to provide a holistic approach to the relationship between AC effectiveness and FP. It applies cross-sectional time-series FGLS regression and checks robustness using panel-corrected standard error regression after identifying heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, and cross-sectional dependence of 375 observations. The study finds a significant positive effect of AC expertise, attendance in AC meetings, and the absence of executive directors in AC on both Return on Assets (ROA) and market capitalization of the firms. Gender diversity is exclusively significant for ROA, while shareholding positively impacts firm's market capitalization. This study is the first to use some new individual AC characteristics like the absence of executive directors in AC and AC charter and representation of AC members in board meetings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper studies the impact of Domestic Institutional Ownership (DIO) upon firm performance in India using panel data for NSE 500 companies from 2010 to 2016. The study finds DIO to have a positive impact on Tobin's Q in panel regressions-fixed effects after using controls such as firm age, size, leverage, marketing intensity, foreign institutional ownership and promoter ownership. The study also tests the impact of Mutual Fund Ownership (MFO) and the impact of Banks, Development Financial Institutions (DFI), Insurance companies' (BFII) ownership separately and found MF has a positive impact on Tobin's Q. The study observed that all variables DIO, MF and BFII had no impact on Return on Assets (ROA) but BFII is found to have a negative impact on Return on Equity (ROE). The study found a positive impact of Mutual Funds (MFs) and a negative impact of 'Banks, FIs and Insurance companies' on firm performance in India. The paper contributes to the empirical literature on institutional ownership and firm performance in emerging economies. It has important implications for firms, investors, corporate policy makers and researchers particularly, in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indian companies have participated in the worldwide trend of consolidation through cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As). During the last decade, there has been a sharp and consistent increase in the number of M&As in India. The paper explores the impact of cross-border M&A on firm performance and financial distress of selected cases in India from diverse sectors. The motive is to get a clear understanding as to whether the cross-border M&As actually lead to improvement in growth, profitability and efficiency of Indian corporate firms, and also whether it helps in reducing their financial distress. For this purpose, the paper has focused on a sample of nine large cross-border M&As in India from different sectors. It is found that these M&As have been effective in improving the firm performance and financial distress in some cases, whereas it has led to increased distress and reduced performance in others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper investigates whether there is evidence to support the concept that variations in observed ownership structures across firms result in methodical variations in observed financial performance in the Indian market. The study assesses the impact of ownership structure on corporate performance measured by both the market-based measures (Tobin’s Q, MBVR and MVA) and accounting-based measures (ROA, ROCE and ROE) of 178 NSE CNX listed nonfinancial companies for a period of 8 years from 2011 to 2018. Two different aspects of ownership structure are considered, i.e., concentration and owner identity. The results of the study could help the Indian companies, regulators, policymakers, and practitioners to adopt and sustain good corporate governance practices for value creation and for making them ready to meet the future changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the impact of Corporate Governance (CG) variables on firm performance, and studies if the relation is different for State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) and private enterprises. The study examined 53 listed Indian firms, wherein 33 are private and the remaining are SOEs for the period 2011 to 2019, using multivariate regression analysis. The CG variables used in the study are independent director, non-executive directors, meetings, audit committee, and board size. Further, the study provides evidence that among all the CG variables, independent director and audit committee are found to be significant and this relation remains consistent in both types of firms: SOEs and private. The study concludes that the overall performance of SOEs is less than that of the private firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper attempts to discover the interrelationships between Corporate Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility (CG and CSR) through different aspects. The reason behind the attempt is to analyze how the companies have postulated CG and CSR in their philosophies. Is there any difference between the outlooks of companies toward CG and CSR? How did the companies in their philosophy statements address the issues and dimensions of CG and CSR? The paper tries to explore various propositions on the relationship between CG and CSR through content analysis. The data for content analysis is obtained from annual reports of Nifty 50 companies. The reports are scanned for CG and CSR philosophy statements of companies with respect to marking the presence of a word, a sentence, a statement, a phrase or an idiom complementing any of the dimensions of CG and CSR identified for coding. A huge overlap between CG and CSR is found that demonstrated a two-way relationship significantly impacting each other. The study urges to see both the aspects as complementary to each other in the best interests of the company, stakeholder, and nation as a whole. The study gives an overview of the philosophies of companies representing the economic barometer of the country in terms of governance and social responsibility that can be useful for assessing the strengths of CG and CSR interrelationship in Indian companies. It samples the philosophies of companies with respect to both the aspects of CG and CSR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the light of the growing importance of Corporate Governance (CG) in academic and industrial research, the present paper aims to answer the question: Does corporate governance impact Firm Performance and Firm Risk? Multivariate regression analysis was conducted on three models to answer the question, with firm performance and firm risk being the dependent variables. Different CG mechanisms (Board Composition, Board Size, Frequency of Meetings and Audit Committee) were considered as independent variables. The results of the regression analysis postulate that board composition, frequency of meetings and audit committee significantly impact the firm performance i.e., Return on Assets (ROA) and Profit Margin (PM). Board composition was also found to have a significant impact on firm risk where we used Beta as a proxy measure. Overall, the objective of the study was met, as all the three models showcase significant results. The present study provides important insights into fair CG practice, with scope for future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of promotion of financial inclusion in India, Payments Banks (PBs) have a key role to play as they accept small deposits from the poor and offer them low value remittance services. The unique feature of PBs is the size of remittances performed through technology platform being too large and value of each transaction being too small. Consequently, risk in remittance services is high and increasing. Therefore, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) imposed regulatory compliance norms on the part of PBs, which include minimum capital, Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), deployment of deposits in government securities, Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) and best management practices. These are expected to ensure the financial soundness of PBs, strengthen safety in remittance services and protect the interests of small customers at large. Though the number of PBs is just six at present, considering the emerging business potential, a few more PBs are expected to come up. But from the study of financial analysis of PBs, it is observed that they face numerous issues which need to be addressed. Towards this end, the paper offers suggestions, besides discussing the origin, regulatory aspects, activity profile and performance review of PBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is one of the countries where a large proportion of businesses are family-owned. These family firms are much respected as they immensely contribute to the economic and societal growth of the country. This paper provides a comprehensive investigation of the relationship between corporate governance structure and firm performance in Indian family firms. The hypotheses are empirically tested on a firm level panel data of 948 business groups in India which was collected from Prowess Database of Center for Monitoring of Indian Economy (CMIE), which contains data on all the Indian listed companies. This study will help to design special policy measures for companies which are managed by the family. The study indicates significant effects of different corporate governance characteristics on the firm performance and concludes that corporate governance is important for appropriate synchronization between the business and family and to become adaptive so as to take positive changes. The results provide a foundation on which we can build future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The human resources domain is witnessing a transformative period with the inclusion of data analytics in the management of manpower. It offers numerous advantages, particularly in acquisition and retention of key talent in an organization. However, it is not without its share of challenges which are restricting companies, particularly in India, from harnessing its full potential in talent management. The current study examines the advantages of strategic management of the talent acquisition and retention processes, while employing data analytics to ensure better organizational performances in India. It further presents the challenges in the usage of data analytics, with the development of strategy and approaches for better implementation of the talent techniques in SMEs in general. It thus sheds light on the current adoption level of the technique in India and examines its reach. The paper aims to address the gap in literature on the importance of data analytics in SMEs of India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the objective of reaping the benefits of both the smallness and bigness, large-scale organizations divisionalize their operations into a few segments (divisions, departments, etc.). After providing the necessary facilities and powers to these divisions, they are made accountable for the results. Hence, one can find a few accounting entities within each of such business entities. This is because of the reason that the overall performance of the organization depends on the performance of their segments, and this is true even in the case of banking and financial companies such as the Karnataka State Financial Corporation (KSFC). As the corporation has a vast geographical area (i.e., entire Karnataka State) to serve, it has 32 branch offices, and for operational purpose, the state is divided into four circles with 7-9 branch offices in each circle. The performance of corporation depends, to a greater extent, on the performance of its circles and their branch offices. Against this backdrop, the present paper makes an attempt to evaluate the performance of circles using six variables and the data for 10 years, 2007-08 to 2016-17. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psychological ownership is considered as one of the important employeeorganization linkages. Many studies have empirically demonstrated its favorable workplace outcomes, yet the research on its antecedents is relatively limited, particularly in the Indian context. This paper aims to reduce these gaps. It investigates the role of perceived organizational and supervisory support as antecedents to two distinct forms of psychological ownership (job focused and organization focused) in a sample of 162 IT professionals from India. The results indicate that the former is variously related to two forms of psychological ownership. Also, relationship between perceived supervisory support and both forms of psychological ownership was mediated by perceived organizational support. Practical implications of these results are discussed and future research pathways are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines whether board diversity improves corporate performance by considering different parameters of diversity such as gender, age, tenure, nationality, educational background and experience of the directors. No significant link between board heterogeneity and financial performance in Indian firms is found. The possible explanation for this may be that diversity in teams often leads to conflicts, adversely affecting performance unless properly managed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, many publicly traded companies have started using Internet as a new channel to inform current and potential investors about their performance, which has resulted in firm benefits such as enhanced market exposure, increased analyst coverage and institutional following. This paper investigates the extent to which Indian listed companies use the Internet for Investor Relations (IR) purposes. To achieve this goal, a website investigation of the 50 Indian companies listed on the National Stock Exchange (NSE) and which constitute a part of S&P CNX Nifty is carried out. The objective of the paper is to identify the stage Indian listed companies are in as regards the Internet usage for disclosing information to their investors. To fulfill the same, the websites of select 50 companies have been extensively studied and analyzed on six broad premises, namely, website content, navigation, usage of multimedia devices, site interactivity, timeliness and regulatory entanglement issues. The results suggest that Indian companies have been able to take only partial advantage of Internet and have badly failed in fulfilling the parameters pertaining to usage of multimedia devices and interactivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge is the organized form of information or data of an organization. Organizational performance is enhanced when knowledge is properly managed. Nowadays, Indian banks are offering various IT-enabled products and services such as e-banking, online banking, automated teller machine, electronic fund transfer, real-time gross settlement, and electronic data interchange. This paper makes an attempt to determine whether knowledge management techniques enrich employees' knowledge with reference to Indian banks. Knowledge management techniques help in the enrichment of an employee's knowledge for his/her career growth and progress. Hence, banks in India are coming up with more technological improvements at present. So the bank employees cannot remain content with the obsolete working style. They must update themselves in order to compete with other employees/banks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper attempts to measure the overall technical, pure technical and scale efficiencies in the Indian textile industry and provides target setting analysis for the same using cross-sectional data of 101 companies for the year 2014-15. For the purpose of analysis, we used a non-parametric linear programming technique named Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) conceptualizing two outputs and five inputs technology. The empirical results showed that the level of Overall Technical Inefficiency (OTIE) in Indian textile industry is to the tune of about 16.44%, and out of this 11.79% points are principally attributed to managerial inefficiency rather than inappropriate choice of the scale size. The study underlines the need for concrete steps on the part of policy makers to withstand successfully the pressure of foreign competition by eliminating the managerial inefficiencies in the process of resource utilization and correcting the scale of operations through concerted efforts of technology infusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethics refers to moral demands regarding the business and is based on a theory of the relationship between business and society. Ethics is a good business investment that generates trust and confidence between the parties and in turn guarantees long-term performance. Corporate identity is formed in the way a company manages the stakeholder claims through its values and actions. This paper attempts to define different nonfinancial parameters of ethical identity based on corporate governance, corporate social responsibility and sustainability and measure the extent of ethical practices followed in selected companies based on these parameters. Using Kruskal Wallis analysis, it was found that there is a significant difference between different industries in following and reporting ethical practices in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organizational commitment has been researcher's topic of interest for many years now due to its evident impact on the individual and firm performance. Fast paced changes in the service industry of India have evolved and changed employees' workrelated attitudes and behaviors. Considering this fact, the prevailing constructs might have undergone changes and evolved further based on environmental dynamicity. Thus, this paper aims at determining the key dimensions of commitment and also at validating the most widely used three-component model of Allen and Meyer (1990) for the Indian banks and insurance firms. A sample of 154 employees from top four banks and insurance firms has revealed the emergence of three distinct factors in commitment construct using exploratory factor analysis. Further, three-factor measurement model was developed and tested for construct validity and reliability using confirmatory factor analysis. The goodness of fit for the model was determined using various reliable model fit indices. The findings of the study revealed significant fit of the tested model. The presence of all three components of commitment, viz., affective, normative and continuance, was similar to the theorized model. The results have highlighted the good fit and applicability of the model in the Indian financial service sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the research is to empirically investigate the impact of Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) practices on organization's performance—operational, environmental, and financial. The paper also aims to theorize and empirically assess a comprehensive GSCM practices and performance model. The data from a national sample of 161 company managers working for Indian manufacturing organizations participating in green supply chain is analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) methodology. Hypotheses are formulated for linkages between GSCM practices and organizational performance. The results of hypotheses testing show that there is a positive relationship between GSCM practices and organization's performances. All these performances in turn enhance the overall organizational performance. The findings may prove to be effective in inducing Indian firms to adopt GSCM practices for improving their performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

India is home to a large number of small entrepreneurs. The Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a dominant role in the economic development of India not only by providing employment opportunities to the large section of society but also by making a significant contribution to India's GDP and export. The major advantages of this sector are higher employment generation and income potential at low capital cost. The North Eastern Region (NER) of India is among the major backward regions of the country. The main reason for their uneven growth is their geographical location and distance from mainland. Further, factors like climatic conditions, poor infrastructure, political disturbances, local dominance and market unavailability have retarded the growth of industries in this region. The MSME sector provides a new hope not only to the unemployed population of the region but also in bringing overall balanced growth. This paper presents a comparative picture of MSME development in India and its NER. Further, special emphasis has been laid on the growth of MSME sector in different states of NER, their composition, and reasons for their backwardness and lower growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate governance mechanisms are being widely researched for their impact on different measures of corporate performance. Board structure being a dominant means of monitoring and governance for sustaining the competition and improving financial and overall performance, forms an integral part of these mechanisms. The present paper explores the size of the board as a governance method and its relationship with Initial Public Offering (IPO) performance, IPOs being a unique setting to establish the contribution of corporate governance in general and boards in specific. The study investigates specifically board size to explore its independence as a governance mechanism and contribution in explaining the initial returns of an IPO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examines the impact of executives having multiple directorships on the financial performance and asset quality of banks. The research has been carried out on 36 banks operating in India over a 19-year period (2001-2019) using an unbalanced panel implementing fixed effects model, with statistical evidence demonstrating its applicability. The study finds a positive significant effect of multiple directorships on bank performance, thereby confirming the “quality hypothesis” that busy directors are more likely to be better directors. In addition, it also finds significantly negative effect of multiple directorships on gross nonperforming asset ratio. Furthermore, the findings also reveal that larger board size and CEO duality are positively associated with a firm’s profitability, which helps to improve the asset quality of banks, and the total number of committees is inversely associated with the profitability of the firm. Overall, the findings suggest that despite the strain that many directorships may impose on directors, busy directors bring in more experience, knowledge, abilities and network that enhance the value of the firm. In sum, the findings imply that board effectiveness, as assessed by numerous directorships, is an important aspect of board operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Capital Structure (CS) of an organization and its composition has always affected its business performance and value creation. The selection of appropriate CS helps an organization to sustain its growth in the future. It is dependent on the level of financial leverage it is going to consider for optimal combination of CS. The study explores the impact of financial leverage on the business results of manufacturing firms in emerging economies like India for the period 2011 to 2021. The choice of appropriate combination of debt level will affect the profitability of a firm. It was found that there is an inverse association between Short-Term Debt (STD), Long-Term Debt (LTD) and size and business performance of the manufacturing industry in India. An empirical model was developed to analyze the impact on Return On Equity (ROE), Return on total Assets (ROA) and Return on Capital Employed (ROCE), which was found to be significant and established a negative association with financial leverage of firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) are of paramount importance in the formulation of corporate strategy and public policy. The success of companies in this competitive era depends on better utilization of scarce resources and concentration of their operations around their core business. Indian companies have been facing various challenges like increased competition, extensive marketing, MNCs pouring in due to policy liberalization, digitalization, etc. To overcome these challenges, they are going for consolidation. The news of Indian companies being acquired by some MNCs was unsurprising earlier. Of late, a reversal of trend has started. More Indian companies are going for overseas acquisitions. This is a double-edged sword, if handled well, it can lead to success of business; if not, it can be a reason for failure. The present study aims to answer the important question whether M&A have led to success of businesses in India. The study has been carried out by analyzing post-M&A ratios of seven companies in India that have gone for overseas acquisitions. The results suggest that there is a significant difference in the performance of companies in India after M&A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the impact of corporate governance practices on Related Party Transactions (RPTs) for a sample of BSE 500 companies in India. The findings of this study advance the earlier understanding that good corporate governance practices inhibit RPTs. Further, the study suggests that the composition of board with active independent directors and compensation structure of Key Management Persons (KMPs) mainly contributes towards inhibiting RPTs. In addition, contrary to earlier studies, auditor compensation and frequency of board meetings were found not to significantly impact RPTs. Finally, deviation of board size from average industry level board size was found to promote RPTs. The implication for stakeholders is also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims at finding a relationship between audit committee characteristics and firm performance of companies listed on the Indian Stock Exchange. Fixed Effect Panel Data Regression was employed on the data of 178 companies for a period of eight years. The results found that the audit committee characteristics (size, independence, and number of meetings) are in significant positive relationship with Tobin's Q, a market-based performance measure. However, only the impact of audit committee size is found to have a positive and significant impact on Return on Equity (ROE). The number of board level committee meetings has a positive and significant impact on Tobin's Q and negative and significant impact on ROE. The results of the present study can be used by policymakers and regulators who are involved directly or indirectly in pondering corporate governance reforms. The results are also beneficial for the managers, investors, and minority shareholders as they are concerned with the performance of the firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance measurement of an enterprise is generally done on the basis of important traditional financial ratios and other relevant information. But it is being progressively realized to transform the performance measurement from financial income concept to the value added income concept to highlight the fact that the enterprises, specially Public Sector Enterprises (PSEs) are not set up to contribute towards financial income but are expected to contribute more towards value addition in the society, in terms of the stated policy objectives. This paper makes an attempt to evaluate the performance of 20 selected PSEs in India, taking five each from four core public sectors for the period from 1999-2000 to 2008-09. For measuring the performance of the selected PSEs, the amount of value addition and eight important ratios relating to value added statement have been used with the help of some statistical tools like Mean, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation and ultimate rank based on a combined rank. In order to measure the performance of the selected PSEs more precisely, a comprehensive test has been done using the process of 'final ranking' to arrive at a comprehensive measure of performance in which the ultimate ranks of eight selected ratios have been combined in a point score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women constitute half of the potential talent throughout the world and therefore it is important that they should lead on the economic and social fronts. Many countries across the world have realized that sustainable development of the country is possible only if they make optimum utilization of this talent pool as well. Section 149 of the Companies Act, 2013 and Clause 49 of SEBI guidelines mandated all listed companies in India to appoint at least one woman director from April 1, 2015 in a bid to bring in gender diversity on the boards in India. The percentage of women attending colleges, postgraduating and obtaining doctorate degrees has increased in the last decade in India. However, still the Indian corporate boards find it tough to find and appoint qualified women directors. The old boys' club is still predominant in the Indian boardrooms and still resisting accepting women at leadership positions in the corporate world. Gender diversity in the boardroom is not only about fair treatment but also about tapping the potential talent which is essential for the sustainable development of the organization and the world at large. Several research studies across the world have found a positive impact of gender diversity at the board level on the financial performance of the company. In this regard, this study was conducted with 14 NSE- listed companies of mining and minerals sector of India. The study found that women were either not represented at board level or underrepresented before the quota system was introduced under the Companies Act, 2013. The study further examined the financial performance of companies before and after the mandatory requirement of appointment of at least one woman director on board, over the period of four consecutive financial years from 2013 to 2017, which revealed that the presence of women directors on boards did not significantly impact the financial performance of companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the growing public concern regarding industrial activities, today the performance of an organization is judged not only on the basis of its financial results, but also with regard to its contribution to protecting and improving the environment. In this scenario, the need for accounting and reporting on the environmental issues and their disclosure in the annual reports has become an important part of corporate accounting and reporting system. Many companies undertake various activities to protect the environment in which they are functioning, but the question remains as to whether they account for their activities in monetary terms and report it in their financial reports. Hence, the present study is undertaken with the objective of analyzing the accounting and the reporting practices of Maharatna companies relating to environmental aspects. The study is based on secondary data collected from the companies' reports. The data is analyzed with the help of disclosure index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term 'intellectual capital' is normally taken as a misnomer, often understood to be of relevance to only high-technology industries and information and communication technology companies. But, it is important to understand that intellectual capital is essentially relevant to every business organization. Rapid technology advancements, fiercely competitive environments, deregulations, product innovations, etc., have made firms increasingly rely on leveraging intellectual capital, so as to develop strategies for sustained competitive advantage. Management initiatives to execute business strategy can be extracted from firm's intellectual capital to deliver value. Management of intellectual capital and knowledge management practices can result in significant benefits to an organization that can aid in formulation of business strategy, process design as well as gaining competitive advantage. However, there is limited empirical evidence revealing mixed results of the impact of intellectual capital on financial performance of business in India. Thus, the present study has been undertaken as an attempt to provide important insight into measurement of intellectual capital of publicly listed companies in India and its impact on financial performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Training has been an important Human Resource (HR) intervention for which organizations have been spending huge amounts. Also, it is widely accepted that training supports fulfillment of the needs and demands of both the organization and the employees. As a result of all these, organizations try their best to be productive and competitive. Against this backdrop, the present study looks at training from the employee's perspective. Employees are one of the most important assets of the organization who go through timely training in organizations, where the training is imparted for various reasons, and this exposes the employees to various levels of competition requiring particular performance levels to be attained. As training can challenge any difficult situation an organization goes through, this study acquires employee's perspective on training for their development of knowledge, skills and attitude. The study is based on one of the public sector enterprises of India, which was set up to generate larger social gains and to strengthen the country's economy. A total 300 employees were taken into consideration, who were categorized as supervisors, highly skilled, skilled and unskilled employees. The purpose of this study is to explore the opinion of employees at the different phases of training. Theoretical implications have been discussed by linking the findings of this study. The results of the study justify employees' say over various practices of training followed in their organization. Also, it will help organizations to revisit their training practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Empirical studies have been deficient in supporting the link between Knowledge Management (KM) and organizational performance. Researchers emphasize that there is a need of conceptual and empirical research to develop an enhanced comprehension of the relationships between KM and organizational performance. Holistic research studies on the unified model of KM encompassing KM enablers, KM process, KM strategy and organizational performance are required. Also, there is insufficient literature and guidelines about Indian KM. Hence, it is critical to build the theoretical and empirical background in the Indian context. This study, therefore, tries to fill this research gap by exploring the effect of KM on organizational performance in the Indian software companies. The results show that there exists a significant relationship between KM and organizational performance. The results indicate that system strategy, structure, knowledge conversion and knowledge application affect organizational performance. The study is one of the few to empirically examine a holistic KM framework and analyze the results in the context of Indian software organizations. The results of the study can be used by the managers to execute KM programs and also by the researchers to search for a profound appreciation of the field of KM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Indian retail industry witnessed high growth over the last decade with a noticeable shift towards organized retailing. The foraying of organized players into retailing fresh produce has been much debated in the recent past, in view of its pros and cons. The contentions of the advocates and contenders of organized retailing warrant rigorous study and thorough analysis from the perspective of diverse stakeholders. The present study elicits the views of diverse stakeholders in Bangalore city, covering organized retailers (N = 20), unorganized retailers (N = 100) and consumers (N = 500) picked by stratified random sampling technique, on select issues of organized retailing. ANOVA test showed significant difference among the respondent groups at 0.00% level towards many of the select issues of the study. The larger role for organized retailers is indispensable, especially to build and strengthen backend infrastructure and to enhance supply chain efficiency. It is imperative for the government and organized retailers to address the genuine concerns of those who are likely to be adversely affected by growth in organized retailing, and dispel undue apprehensions and misplaced concerns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to measure the relationship between learning orientation of firms and their business performance. It also explores the moderating effect of firm size on relationship between learning orientation of firms and their business performance. The study was conducted on manufacturing and service sector firms from the State of Punjab, India. Self-developed non-disguised questionnaire has been used for the study. A purposive sample of 278 key informants (senior level managers who have insight about learning orientation and performance status of the firm) was used. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to validate the learning orientation and business performance scales. The hypotheses were tested using multi-group moderation and structural equation modeling. The study shows that learning orientation has significant positive effect on business performance. The results have indicated that firm size (based on investment) significantly moderates the relationship between learning orientation and business performance. The findings of the study are relevant for practitioners as well as researchers. Practicing managers can gain insights from the suggested learning orientation and performance relationship, especially when they are engaged in small cap firms struggling to compete with relatively established businesses. Future researchers can use the scales developed in this study. The study contributes to the knowledge management literature by providing empirical evidence for relationship between learning orientation and business performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Firms today are striving to achieve competitive advantage over others and one of the approaches is managing the entire supply chain in order to reduce costs and improve performance which leads to business success. Logistics and Supply Chain Management (SCM) practices are a set of activities undertaken to promote effective and efficient management of supply chains in the industries. These practices include supplier partnership, physical movement of goods, meeting customer demands and also information sharing throughout the supply chain. Some of the key logistics and SCM practices which impact the supply chain performance are related to estimation of customer needs, efficient and effective delivery, integration and collaboration throughout the supply chain, sharing of information and vision by using Information Communication Technology (ICT). All these practices impact logistics and supply chain performance. Logistics focuses on activities inside a company, while supply chain focuses on relationship between each company. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study contributes to our understanding of the mediating mechanism of work engagement through which psychological climate of an organization is linked with the organizational effectiveness. We developed and tested a mediation model associating between the latent constructs of organizational effectiveness. Our model evaluates the premise that employees' favorable perceptions of the organizational settings are directed towards increased organizational effectiveness through an individual-level construct, work engagement. Overall, data from 300 employees in different service organizations in India support this model. Data analysis, performed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach, revealed that work engagement fully mediates the relationship between psychological climate and organizational effectiveness, suggesting that employees' engagement with their work plays a significant role in shaping the effectiveness of their organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informal economy has a significant role in entrepreneurship, particularly, women entrepreneurs of rural area. It has great impact on employment and income generation. Normally, the sector, which is not organized, not recorded by public authorities and which has no identity, is considered to be a part of informal sector. The informal sector is defined as those establishments that employ less than 10 persons with or without use of power. The formal sector includes manufacturing, trade and services, while the informal sector includes businesses that have small size of operation and low investment, so entry is easy compared to the formal sector. On the other hand, women-owned businesses have drawn significant attention around the world. It is observed that women start business for several reasons like financial support, earning livelihood for the family, independence, etc. The size of the business owned by women in informal sector is usually small and operated from their own residence. With successful business performance, most of the women want to remain in the business. But women do not receive enough support from their family as well as government authorities. These entrepreneurs must be involved in modern small-scale units. If they are properly trained and provided with the required capital, then rural India and informal sector will emerge as a story of success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines adoption of and alignment between business strategy and Human Resource Management (HRM) strategy in the Indian banking sector. It investigates whether or not a fit between a bank's business strategy and its HRM strategy is associated with higher performance. For this purpose business strategy typology developed by 'Miles and Snow' was used, and 'Bird and Beechlers' human resource strategy, which includes accumulator, facilitator, and utilizer was used. The results of the present study reveal that a vast majority of the banks are not even found to be following a specific typology of either the HRM strategy or the business strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]