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This paper examined the long-term effects of the use of telecare (e-Health) on the residents of Nishi-aizu Town, Fukushima, Japan, between 2002 and 2010. We compared medical expenditure and days of treatment between telecare users (treatment group) and non-users (control group) based on receipt data obtained from the National Health Insurance, which is operated by the government. In previous studies, we used receipt data obtained for the years 2002 to 2006; this study expands the analysis period four more years with respect to respondents who were included in previous analyses. Ninety users and 118 non-users were included in both analyses. Using rigorous statistical methods, including system generalized method of moments (GMM), this paper demonstrates that telecare users require fewer days of treatment and lower medical expenditure than non-users with respect to the chronic diseases of stroke, hypertension, heart failure, and diabetes. To date, there have been no publications examining the long-term economic effects of the use of telemedicine, so the current study presents a new facet to the research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]