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A machine vision system has been developed for recording data obtained on an experimental installation for studying relaxation transitions of polymers, as well as studying the dynamic shear modulus during phase transformations in alloys based on titanium nickelide. The computer vision system is based on simple algorithms implemented in the Java language in the IDE “Processing”. The conditions for the experiment and the procedure for processing the experimental data obtained on the basis of the machine vision system are determined.

The characteristics of the software and hardware system for recording acoustic emission in a wide frequency range are given. This system is used in studies of structural and phase transformations of metals and alloys under complex thermo-mechanical loading. The software and hardware system is the author’s development of the team and provides an affordable solution for recording and processing data in real time, which is a determining factor in the choice of technology for the study of structural-phase transformations of metals and alloys by method of acoustic emission. The requirements for acoustic emission technique differ slightly from the approaches common in the field of non-destructive testing. The hardware complex consists of a standard ADC with a sampling rate of at least 10 MHz, which provides spectrum registration in the range up to 1 MHz. The cascade of amplifiers are provides requirements for study by method of acoustic emission. The set includes a low-noise heater, an Arduino-based recording unit for related experimental parameters (temperature, mechanical stress, strain), and a personal computer. The software part of the system is a light scientific open source shell for conducting a physical experiment - the “dotScope”, developed by the author’s team. The program includes an extensible plugins system for working with various ADCs, plugins for real-time data processing, and plugins for post-processing.

The article provides a comparative digital maturity assessment of two leading petroleum companies licensed for Arctic offshore exploration and production (PAO Gazprom Neft and PAO Rosneft) in a ‘hardware-software-hardware’ succession as well as a comparative analysis with leading practices in offshore project logistics. It identifies approximate cost-cutting limits of digital transformation in Arctic projects and factors limiting cost efficiency of offshore projects in the Russian Arctic. The goal of the study is to identify a potential increase in digital maturity and scope of digital transformation in the Arctic project supply chain in Russia. The study is based on modern approaches to sustainable supply chain management in oil industry and supply chain streamlining for offshore projects. The article identifies a group of factors limiting cost efficiency of Arctic projects, specific to the Russian Arctic. Conclusions and recommendations: the study has shown that the main factor limiting digital transformation of offshore projects in the Russian Arctic is the increasing technological underperformance of oil service companies. To build capacity in digital maturity of the offshore project supply chain, it is necessary to focus on disruptive technologies that could significantly lower the cost of oil production in the Arctic area.

Sustainable development is a priority in a modern world. The essence of sustainable development is to ensure such economic growth that allows to preserve the natural environment for present and future generations. One of the effective tools for this is the development of green economy. The authors consider the problems of sustainable development and a green economy on the example of Russia. The purpose of the study: (1) to develop a method for assessing the development of a green economy based on a comparison of environmental and economic indicators; (2) to test this method on the materials of the Russian regions, to assess their economic activity greening level; (3) to offer recommendations for improving policies and regulation in the development of the green economy. In this study, in order to assess the level of ecologization of the regional economy, a method of assessing ecological and economic territorial development is used, based on the calculation of the integral index. This technique allows for a comparative analysis of Russian regions in terms of environmental and economic development. The authors give a comparative quantitative assessment of the level of greening of the Russian regions. On this basis, the priorities and directions of development of the green economy are proposed. It is recommended to use these proposals in the regulation of regional development in order to achieve the main goal – sustainable development. These recommendations do not reflect only the specifics of the Russian Federation, and therefore may also be applicable in the international practice.

In modern conditions, the problem of waste processing is one of the most difficult and important. Traditionally in Russia, waste is processed by storing at landfills or burning. These methods are environmentally hazardous. The use of waste as raw materials is more promising. This requires new technological and economic developments. The purpose of the study is to form a new business model of ecologically balanced reproduction of fuel resources from waste, and the development of this business model both in technical, and in economic and organizational aspects. This business model will be an element of the development of a green economy. The basis of the research methodology was the concept of sustainable development. The study used methods of environmental, technological and economic analysis, data processing tools, organizational design, business modeling and forecasting. The main results of the research are the new business model of ecologically balanced reproduction of fuel resources from waste and the recommendations of its use at regional and municipal level. Economic and environmental effects were evaluated from the use of the proposed business model. The practical value of the results consists in the possibility of using them: by regional (municipal) authorities - when creating an enabling environment for the life of the population and organizing environmentally balanced waste processing; investors - when launching commercially effective projects of waste recycling.

An abstract scheme is presented for finding necessary conditions for optimality in a large class of extremal problems. A generalized separation theorem for convex cones is proved in order to obtain the main result. The operation of the scheme is illustrated by some concrete examples. Bibliography: 13 titles.

Existence theorems on optimal controls for systems with distributed parameters and with trajectories given by a general operator of the form up(t, w, v) are proved. A set of quasiregular functionals is chosen as a criterion of optimality of the process. Such a choice essentially exhausts the cases which are practically interesting in applications.

In this work we establish necessary and sufficient optimality conditions, and a theorem on the uniqueness of optimizing functions for control systems of general type.

In this article we prove an energy inequality for the third boundary value problem (the parabolic case) and certain completeness and closure properties of the system of eigenfunctions.

A method was developed for measuring the instantaneous value of the azimuthal (angular) displacement of an impact of vibration bench under laboratory conditions. The main parts of the apparatus were an He–Ne laser (λ = 0.63 μ) and a detector with an FD-19KK silicon position-sensitive photodiode. The error in the determination of the angle of rotation under dynamic conditions depended on the nature of the laser and was 2–5''. The range of angles that could be measured was 0–10'. The pass band of the apparatus was 0–5 MHz.