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Nanotechnology deals with the study of manipulation of the materials on molecular or an atomic scale. Nanomaterials and nanocomposites possess unique characteristics such as miniature particle sizes with a close particle size distribution properties and pose as a highly dispersed and non-agglomerative mass. The typical blend and diverse characteristics of these particles prove to be of added advantage in typical applications such as medical and pharmaceutical treatments for bacterial infections. This paper describes the detailed process of synthesizing nanocomposite oxide mixtures of copper and zinc through the sol-gel formulation route technique. The particle size distribution is assessed using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller and Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis. The mineralogical analysis of the nano-composite is carried out using X-Ray Fluorescence and X-Ray Diffraction techniques. The synthesized ZnO-CuO particles possess antibacterial properties against both gram-(positive/negative) bacteria and hence, they exhibited good results on E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Urban air pollution is rapidly becoming an environmental issue of global concern, affecting public health, regional weather, and climate. The air quality crisis in cities is mainly caused by vehicle emissions. A city's air quality is assessed using the Air Quality Index (AQI), which analyses concentrations of air pollutants such as PM10, sulphur dioxide SO2, and nitrogen dioxide NO2. The current study on air pollution was carried out in the SG Halli area of Bangaluru and required air pollutant data was collected from the Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (CPCB). With the exception of PM10, the pollutant concentration was within the permissible limits set by the Central Pollution Control Authority (CPCB). Pollutant concentrations were analyzed using meteorological variables such as relative humidity (RH), temperature (T), wind direction (WD), wind speed (WS), and solar radiation (SR). PM10 concentrations are predicted using an auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. PM10 concentrations were well predicted by ARIMA model. On the AQI scale, it can be seen that the atmospheric environment of SG Halli is moderately polluted.

In this paper, we have examined one-dimensional unsteady self-similar adiabatic flow of a dusty gas behind a spherical shock wave with time dependent energy input. The dusty gas is assumed to be a mixture of small solid particles and perfect gas. The solid particles are continuously distributed in the perfect gas. In order to get some essential features of shock propagation, the solid particles are considered as a pseudo-fluid and it is assumed that the equilibrium flow condition is maintained in the flow-field, and viscous stress and heat conduction of the mixture are negligible. The presence of small solid particles affects the medium in two ways. On the one hand, the volume fraction of solid particles lowers the compressibility of the mixture; and on the other hand, the particle load increases the inertia of the mixture. It is found that if the density of the solid particles and that of the perfect gas are equal, by an increase in the mass fraction of solid particles in the mixture, the strength of the shock is decreases and its distance from the inner expanding surface is increased. Also, by an increase in the ratio of density of solid particles and that of the perfect gas in the mixture, the strength of the shock is increased and its distance from the inner surface is decreased. Further, an increase in the rate of energy input increases the shock velocity and decreases the distance between the shock front and the inner surface.