Author: "KE LI" / Publisher: iop publishing - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

312 results on '"KE LI"'

1. 4DEnVar-based inversion system for ammonia emission estimation in China through assimilating IASI ammonia retrievals

Author: Jianbing Jin, Li Fang, Baojie Li, Hong Liao, Ye Wang, Wei Han, Ke Li, Mijie Pang, Xingyi Wu, and Hai Xiang Lin
Subjects: atmospheric ammonia, emission inversion, IASI, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Atmospheric ammonia has been hazardous to the environment and human health for decades. Current inventories are usually constructed in a bottom-up manner and subject to uncertainties and incapable of reproducing the spatiotemporal characteristics of ammonia emission. Satellite measurements, for example, Infrared Atmospheric Sounder Interferometer (IASI) and Cross-Track Infrared Sounder, which provide global coverage of ammonia distribution, have gained popularity in ammonia emission estimation through data assimilation methods. However, satellite-based emission inversion studies on China are limited. In this study, we propose a four-dimensional ensemble variational-based ammonia emission inversion system to optimize ammonia emissions in China. It was developed by assimilating the IASI ammonia retrievals onboard Meteorological Operational satellite A and B into a chemical transport model Goddard Earth Observing System Chemical model (GEOS-Chem). Monthly inversion experiments were conducted in April, July, and October 2016 to test the performance. The inversion result indicated that the prior inventory from the MEIC model captured ammonia spreads in general; however, it heterogeneously underrated the emission intensity. The increments obtained in the assimilation were as high as 50% in North, East, and Northwest China. The posterior emission inventory presented a regional emission flux consistent with relevant studies. Driven by the optimized source estimate, GEOS-Chem provides superior results than using the prior in the evaluation of the assimilated IASI retrievals and the surface ammonia concentration measured by the ground-based Ammonia Monitoring Network in China.
Published: 2023
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2. ENSO modulation of summertime tropospheric ozone over China

Author: Yang Yang, Mengyun Li, Hailong Wang, Huimin Li, Pinya Wang, Ke Li, Meng Gao, and Hong Liao
Subjects: O3, China, El Niño, ENSO, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Ozone (O _3 ) is one of the most critical pollutants affecting air quality in China in recent years. In this study, different impacts of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm/cold phases on summertime tropospheric O _3 over China are examined based on model simulations, ground measurements, and reanalysis data. Summertime surface O _3 concentrations in China show a positive correlation with ENSO index during years 1990–2019, with the largest increases by 20% over southern China in El Niño (warm phase) relative to La Niña (cold phase) years. The ENSO modulation extends to the middle and even upper troposphere. Our analysis indicates that O _3 flux convergence associated with weakened southerlies is the primary reason for the increase in tropospheric O _3 over southern China. In addition, the O _3 increase during El Niño years is mainly from domestic emissions in China. This study highlights the potential significance of ENSO in modulating tropospheric O _3 concentrations in China, with great implications for O _3 pollution mitigation.
Published: 2022
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3. Decreasing methane emissions from China’s coal mining with rebounded coal production

Author: Junlian Gao, Chenghe Guan, Bo Zhang, and Ke Li
Subjects: methane emissions, coal mining, emission factors, bottom-up inventories, China, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: China is the world’s largest anthropogenic methane (CH _4 ) emitter, with coal mine methane (CMM) as one of the main contributors. However, previous studies have not reach consensus on the magnitude and trend of China’s CMM emissions since 2010. Through distribution fitting and Monte Carlo methods, dynamic emission factors (EFs) of CMM at the province-level were derived with high confidence; along with the updated data on surface mining, abandoned coal mines, and methane utilization, we revealed that China’s annual CMM emissions were estimated at 20.11 Tg between 2010 and 2019 with a decline of 0.93 Tg yr ^−1 . Although coal production was revived in 2017, we found that the growing trend of China’s CMM emissions since 2012 were curbed by the previously-overlooked factors including the growth of CMM utilization and coal production from surface mining, and decrease of EFs driven by the closure of high CH _4 -content coal mines and a regional production shift to lower-emission areas.
Published: 2021
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4. Unprecedented decline in summertime surface ozone over eastern China in 2020 comparably attributable to anthropogenic emission reductions and meteorology

Author: Hao Yin, Xiao Lu, Youwen Sun, Ke Li, Meng Gao, Bo Zheng, and Cheng Liu
Subjects: ozone changes, anthropogenic emission reductions, meteorology, GEOS-Chem-XGBoost, ozone mitigation, Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Science, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: China’s nationwide monitoring network initiated in 2013 has witnessed continuous increases of urban summertime surface ozone to 2019 by about 5% year ^−1 , among the fastest ozone trends in the recent decade reported in the Tropospheric ozone assessment report. Here we report that surface ozone levels averaged over cities in eastern China cities decrease by 5.5 ppbv in May–August 2020 compared to the 2019 levels, representing an unprecedented ozone reduction since 2013. We combine the high-resolution GEOS-Chem chemical model and the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) machine learning model to quantify the drivers of this reduction. We estimate that changes in anthropogenic emissions alone decrease ozone by 3.2 (2.9–3.6) ppbv (57% of the total 5.5 ppbv reduction) averaged over cities in eastern China and by 2.5 ∼ 3.2 ppbv in the three key city clusters for ozone mitigation. These reductions appear to be driven by decreases in anthropogenic emissions of both nitrogen oxides (NO _x ) and volatile organic compounds, likely reflecting the stringent emission control measures implemented by The Chinese Ministry of Environmental and Ecology in summer 2020, as supported by observed decline in tropospheric formaldehyde (HCHO) and nitrogen dioxides (NO _2 ) from satellite and by bottom-up emission estimates. Comparable to the emission-driven ozone reduction, the wetter and cooler weather conditions in 2020 decrease ozone by 2.3 (1.9–2.6) ppbv (43%). Our analyses indicate that the current emission control strategies can be effective for ozone mitigation in China yet tracking future ozone changes is essential for further evaluation. Our study also reveals important potential to combine the mechanism-based, state-of-art atmospheric chemical models with machine learning model to improve the attribution of ozone drivers.
Published: 2021
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5. Study on the performance of low water-binder ratio cement mortar with excavated soil exposed to NaCl freeze-thaw environment

Author: Jing Yu, Ailian Zhang, Linchun Zhang, Qian Wang, Ke Li, and Hui Wang
Subjects: subway excavated soil, low water-binder ratio, mechanical properties, NaCl freeze-thaw, mechanical strength loss, relative dynamic modulus of elasticity, Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Chemical technology, TP1-1185
Abstract: In this paper the mechanical strengths (compressive and flexural strengths) of cement mortar with subway excavated soil and low water-binder are studied. Moreover, the following NaCl freeze-thaw resistance is investigated. The water-binder ratio of cement mortar is 0.3 and the corresponding soil-cement ratios are 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. The mass and mechanical strengths losses, the loss of the relative dynamic elastic modulus and permeability coefficient of chloride ions are determined during freeze-thaw cycles. Besides, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photos of cement mortar are observed to study soil’s influence on the microstructures of cement mortar and x-ray diffraction is determined to study the crystal composition. Results show that the mass and mechanical strengths losses and the permeability coefficient of chloride ions increase in the form of quadratic function with that of the number of freeze-thaw cycles. However, the relationship between the relative dynamic elastic modulus and freeze-thaw cycles is quadratic function. Additionally, the relationship between the permeability coefficient of chloride ions and freeze-thaw cycles fits positive linear function. Moreover, the mechanical strengths and freeze-thaw resistance of cement mortar are deteriorated with soil introduction. The cement mortar with a soil content of 5% exhibits the lowest strength and the worst freeze-thaw resistance, but a high soil content of 15% displays that the mortar with low water-binder ratio and soil content shows the best freeze-thaw resistance.
Published: 2021
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6. Analysis and elimination of translation disturbance for patch eﬀect measurement with a torsion pendulum

Author: Ke, Li, primary, Song, Chi, additional, Zheng, Yunsheng, additional, Hu, Ming, additional, Luo, Pengshun, additional, Yin, Hang, additional, and Zhou, Ze-Bing, additional
Published: 2023
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7. Creation mechanism of electron-positron pair on equally spaced multiple localized fields

Author: Chuan-Ke Li, Nan-Sheng Lin, Xian-Xian Zhou, Miao Jiang, and Ying-Jun Li
Subjects: General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract: We investigated the electron-positron creation process from multiple equally spaced distributed oscillating electric fields. We applied computational quantum field theory (CQFT) to analyze the effect of the number of local fields, the distance between them, and their potential height on the created particle number. It is found that whether adjacent electric fields overlap plays an important role. The creation rate exhibits a direct linear relationship with the number of fields when they do not overlap, but exceeds the sum of the rate when the fields alone. They exhibit a distinctly nonlinear relationship when they overlap, and in particular exhibit a quadratic relationship when the fields completely overlap. These phenomena corroborate that the particle pair creation in the interaction region is non-uniform and influenced by the strength of the central strongest electric field.
Published: 2023

8. Injection Locking Diode Laser at 671 nm with Wide Tuning Range up to 6 GHz

Author: Hong-Fang SONG, Yue SHEN, and Ke LI
Subjects: General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract: We present a compact injection locking diode laser module to generate 671 nm laser light with a high output power up to 150 mW. The module adopts master-slave injection locking scheme and the injection locking state is monitored with the transmission spectrum from a Fabry–Pérot interferometer. Beat frequency spectrum measurement shows that the injection locked slave laser has no other frequency components within the 150-MHz detection bandwidth. It is found that without additional electronic feedback, the slave laser can follow the master laser over a wide range of 6 GHz. All elements of the module are commercially available, which favors fast construction of a complete 671-nm laser system for preparing cold 6Li atoms with only one research grade diode laser as the seeding source.
Published: 2023

9. Robust scheme for high-fidelity generation of mesoscopic entangled cat state

Author: Yuan Zhou, Ying Li, Jing-Wei Wang, Xing-Chen Wang, Peng Xie, Dong Lü, Xin-Ke Li, and Hong-Tao Ren
Subjects: Condensed Matter Physics, Mathematical Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: We here study a hybrid quantum system of one solid-state electronic spin coupled to a mechanical resonator (MR) using the crystal strain, with the purpose of engineering the mesoscopic spin-phonon entangled cat state. The feature of this work to be mentioned is that it proposes a different and feasible method to achieve the entanglement, especially with the higher fidelity. This scheme mainly contains two steps, namely the coherent population trapping (CPT) initialization and large-detuning evolution (LDE). By taking all of the adverse decoherence factors into our considerations, the numerical simulations indicate that its fidelity can reach more than 0.995 (or 0.999) when the spin-mechanical coupling strength is 10 (or 100) times larger than spin dephasing and mechanical resonator dissipation rate, respectively. Because of the cooperation of CPT and LDE, this proposal also exhibits a considerable robustness for engineering the entangled cat state, and which may be considered as a general attempt that may be suitable for different systems.
Published: 2023

10. Enhanced multi-material 4D printing hybrid composites based on shape memory polymer/thermoplastic elastomer

Author: Peipei Wang, Guiwei Li, Ke Li, Xilin Liu, Jing Wang, Tianyu Liu, and Wenzheng Wu
Subjects: Mechanics of Materials, Signal Processing, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: An improved one-shot thermoplastic elastomer reinforced shape memory polymer (SMP) four-dimensional (4D) printing method for hybrid composite samples is proposed. Through the new reinforcement method of interlayer overlapping, the problem of inability to bond between polylactic acid (PLA) and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is overcome, and the composite materials had excellent bonding properties. The feature of the improved manufacturing method is that the interface between PLA and TPU materials has continuous overlapping layers, and the boundary is wavy. Herein the complex multi-material space structure can be manufactured with a three-dimensional curved bonding surface. The shape memory and mechanical properties of the PLA/TPU hybrid composite sample are significantly improved via the improved printing method. The shape memory recovery rate of PLA/TPU hybrid composite samples are all over above 99.5%, which is close to complete recovery. The fastest recovery time is 40.61% shorter than the recovery time of the pure PLA sample, showing good shape memory cycle performance. The peak recovery force is 6.92 times higher than the recovery force of the pure PLA sample. The impact strength is 9.87 times higher than the impact strength of pure PLA sample. The composites 4D printing method can be utilized to process complex parts with excellent interfacial bonding properties, shape memory properties, and mechanical properties, which has a promising application prospect in the manufacturing of PLA-based sensors and actuators.
Published: 2023

11. Generation of microwave photon perfect W states of three coupled superconducting resonators

Author: Xin-Ke Li, Yuan Zhou, Guang-Hui Wang, Dong-Yan Lv, Fazal Badshah, and Hai-Ming Huang
Subjects: General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract: We propose an efficient method for the generation of perfect W states on three microwave superconducting resonators, of which the two nearest neighbors are coupled by a symmetric direct current superconducting quantum interference device (dc-SQUID). With suitable external magnetic fluxes applied to the dc-SQUID symmetry loops, on-chip tunable interactions between neighboring resonators can be realized, and different perfect W states can be deterministically created on-demand in one step. Numerical simulations show that high-fidelity target states can be generated and our scheme is robust against imperfect parameter tuning and environment-induced decoherence. The present work may have potential applications for implementing quantum computation and quantum information processing based on microwave photons.
Published: 2023

12. Recent advances in MOF-bio-interface: a review

Author: Yingfeng Li, Ru Wang, Xue Liu, Ke Li, and Qing Xu
Subjects: Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Engineering, General Materials Science, Bioengineering, General Chemistry, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as a class of promising material with adjustable function and controllable structure, have been widely used in the food industry, chemical industry, biological medicine, and sensors. Biomacromolecules and living systems play a critical role in the world. However, the insufficiency in stability, recyclability, and efficiency, significantly impedes their further utilization in slightly harsh conditions. MOF-bio-interface engineering effectively address the above-mentioned shortages of biomacromolecules and living systems, and thereby attracting considerable attentions. Herein, we systematically review the achievements in the area of MOF-bio-interface. In particular, we summarize the interface between MOFs and proteins (enzymes and non-enzymatic proteins), polysaccharides, DNA, cells, microbes, and viruses. Meanwhile, we discuss the limitations of this approach and propose future research directions. We expect that this review could provide new insights and inspire new research efforts towards life science and material science.
Published: 2023

13. Search for hidden-charm tetraquark with strangeness in *

Author: M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, M. Albrecht, R. Aliberti, A. Amoroso, M. R. An, Q. An, Y. Bai, O. Bakina, R. Baldini Ferroli, I. Balossino, Y. Ban, V. Batozskaya, D. Becker, K. Begzsuren, N. Berger, M. Bertani, D. Bettoni, F. Bianchi, E. Bianco, J. Bloms, A. Bortone, I. Boyko, R. A. Briere, A. Brueggemann, H. Cai, X. Cai, A. Calcaterra, G. F. Cao, N. Cao, S. A. Cetin, J. F. Chang, W. L. Chang, G. R. Che, G. Chelkov, C. Chen, Chao Chen, G. Chen, H. S. Chen, M. L. Chen, S. J. Chen, S. M. Chen, T. Chen, X. R. Chen, X. T. Chen, Y. B. Chen, Z. J. Chen, W. S. Cheng, S. K. Choi, X. Chu, G. Cibinetto, F. Cossio, J. J. Cui, H. L. Dai, J. P. Dai, A. Dbeyssi, R. E. de Boer, D. Dedovich, Z. Y. Deng, A. Denig, I. Denysenko, M. Destefanis, F. De Mori, Y. Ding, J. Dong, L. Y. Dong, M. Y. Dong, X. Dong, S. X. Du, Z. H. Duan, P. Egorov, Y. L. Fan, J. Fang, S. S. Fang, W. X. Fang, Y. Fang, R. Farinelli, L. Fava, F. Feldbauer, G. Felici, C. Q. Feng, J. H. Feng, K Fischer, M. Fritsch, C. Fritzsch, C. D. Fu, H. Gao, Y. N. Gao, Yang Gao, S. Garbolino, I. Garzia, P. T. Ge, Z. W. Ge, C. Geng, E. M. Gersabeck, A Gilman, K. Goetzen, L. Gong, W. X. Gong, W. Gradl, M. Greco, L. M. Gu, M. H. Gu, Y. T. Gu, C. Y Guan, A. Q. Guo, L. B. Guo, R. P. Guo, Y. P. Guo, A. Guskov, W. Y. Han, X. Q. Hao, F. A. Harris, K. K. He, K. L. He, F. H. Heinsius, C. H. Heinz, Y. K. Heng, C. Herold, G. Y. Hou, Y. R. Hou, Z. L. Hou, H. M. Hu, J. F. Hu, T. Hu, Y. Hu, G. S. Huang, K. X. Huang, L. Q. Huang, X. T. Huang, Y. P. Huang, Z. Huang, T. Hussain, N Hüsken, W. Imoehl, M. Irshad, J. Jackson, S. Jaeger, S. Janchiv, E. Jang, J. H. Jeong, Q. Ji, Q. P. Ji, X. B. Ji, X. L. Ji, Y. Y. Ji, Z. K. Jia, P. C. Jiang, S. S. Jiang, X. S. Jiang, Y. Jiang, J. B. Jiao, Z. Jiao, S. Jin, Y. Jin, M. Q. Jing, T. Johansson, S. Kabana, N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki, X. L. Kang, X. S. Kang, R. Kappert, M. Kavatsyuk, B. C. Ke, I. K. Keshk, A. Khoukaz, R. Kiuchi, R. Kliemt, L. Koch, O. B. Kolcu, B. Kopf, M. Kuemmel, M. Kuessner, A. Kupsc, W. Kühn, J. J. Lane, J. S. Lange, P. Larin, A. Lavania, L. Lavezzi, T. T. Lei, Z. H. Lei, H. Leithoff, M. Lellmann, T. Lenz, C. Li, C. H. Li, Cheng Li, D. M. Li, F. Li, G. Li, H. Li, H. B. Li, H. J. Li, H. N. Li, J. Q. Li, J. S. Li, J. W. Li, Ke Li, L. J Li, L. K. Li, Lei Li, M. H. Li, P. R. Li, S. X. Li, S. Y. Li, T. Li, W. D. Li, W. G. Li, X. H. Li, X. L. Li, Xiaoyu Li, Y. G. Li, Z. X. Li, Z. Y. Li, C. Liang, H. Liang, Y. F. Liang, Y. T. Liang, G. R. Liao, L. Z. Liao, J. Libby, A. Limphirat, C. X. Lin, D. X. Lin, T. Lin, B. J. Liu, C. Liu, C. X. Liu, D. Liu, F. H. Liu, Fang Liu, Feng Liu, G. M. Liu, H. Liu, H. B. Liu, H. M. Liu, Huanhuan Liu, Huihui Liu, J. B. Liu, J. L. Liu, J. Y. Liu, K. Liu, K. Y. Liu, Ke Liu, L. Liu, Lu Liu, M. H. Liu, P. L. Liu, Q. Liu, S. B. Liu, T. Liu, W. K. Liu, W. M. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Y. B. Liu, Z. A. Liu, Z. Q. Liu, X. C. Lou, F. X. Lu, H. J. Lu, J. G. Lu, X. L. Lu, Y. Lu, Y. P. Lu, Z. H. Lu, C. L. Luo, M. X. Luo, T. Luo, X. L. Luo, X. R. Lyu, Y. F. Lyu, F. C. Ma, H. L. Ma, L. L. Ma, M. M. Ma, Q. M. Ma, R. Q. Ma, R. T. Ma, X. Y. Ma, Y. Ma, F. E. Maas, M. Maggiora, S. Maldaner, S. Malde, Q. A. Malik, A. Mangoni, Y. J. Mao, Z. P. Mao, S. Marcello, Z. X. Meng, J. G. Messchendorp, G. Mezzadri, H. Miao, T. J. Min, R. E. Mitchell, X. H. Mo, N. Yu. Muchnoi, Y. Nefedov, F. Nerling, I. B. Nikolaev, Z. Ning, S. Nisar, Y. Niu, S. L. Olsen, Q. Ouyang, S. Pacetti, X. Pan, Y. Pan, A. Pathak, Y. P. Pei, M. Pelizaeus, H. P. Peng, K. Peters, J. L. Ping, R. G. Ping, S. Plura, S. Pogodin, V. Prasad, F. Z. Qi, H. Qi, H. R. Qi, M. Qi, T. Y. Qi, S. Qian, W. B. Qian, Z. Qian, C. F. Qiao, J. J. Qin, L. Q. Qin, X. P. Qin, X. S. Qin, Z. H. Qin, J. F. Qiu, S. Q. Qu, K. H. Rashid, C. F. Redmer, K. J. Ren, A. Rivetti, V. Rodin, M. Rolo, G. Rong, Ch. Rosner, S. N. Ruan, A. Sarantsev, Y. Schelhaas, C. Schnier, K. Schoenning, M. Scodeggio, K. Y. Shan, W. Shan, X. Y. Shan, J. F. Shangguan, L. G. Shao, M. Shao, C. P. Shen, H. F. Shen, W. H. Shen, X. Y. Shen, B. A. Shi, H. C. Shi, J. Y. Shi, q. q. Shi, R. S. Shi, X. Shi, J. J. Song, W. M. Song, Y. X. Song, S. Sosio, S. Spataro, F. Stieler, P. P. Su, Y. J. Su, G. X. Sun, H. Sun, H. K. Sun, J. F. Sun, L. Sun, S. S. Sun, T. Sun, W. Y. Sun, Y. J. Sun, Y. Z. Sun, Z. T. Sun, Y. H. Tan, Y. X. Tan, C. J. Tang, G. Y. Tang, J. Tang, L. Y. Tao, Q. T. Tao, M. Tat, J. X. Teng, V. Thoren, W. H. Tian, Y. Tian, I. Uman, B. Wang, B. L. Wang, C. W. Wang, D. Y. Wang, F. Wang, H. J. Wang, H. P. Wang, K. Wang, L. L. Wang, M. Wang, M. Z. Wang, Meng Wang, S. Wang, T. Wang, T. J. Wang, W. Wang, W. H. Wang, W. P. Wang, X. Wang, X. F. Wang, X. L. Wang, Y. Wang, Y. D. Wang, Y. F. Wang, Y. H. Wang, Y. Q. Wang, Yaqian Wang, Z. Wang, Z. Y. Wang, Ziyi Wang, D. H. Wei, F. Weidner, S. P. Wen, D. J. White, U. Wiedner, G. Wilkinson, M. Wolke, L. Wollenberg, J. F. Wu, L. H. Wu, L. J. Wu, X. Wu, X. H. Wu, Y. Wu, Y. J Wu, Z. Wu, L. Xia, T. Xiang, D. Xiao, G. Y. Xiao, H. Xiao, S. Y. Xiao, Y. L. Xiao, Z. J. Xiao, C. Xie, X. H. Xie, Y. Xie, Y. G. Xie, Y. H. Xie, Z. P. Xie, T. Y. Xing, C. F. Xu, C. J. Xu, G. F. Xu, H. Y. Xu, Q. J. Xu, X. P. Xu, Y. C. Xu, Z. P. Xu, F. Yan, L. Yan, W. B. Yan, W. C. Yan, H. J. Yang, H. L. Yang, H. X. Yang, Tao Yang, Y. F. Yang, Y. X. Yang, Yifan Yang, M. Ye, M. H. Ye, J. H. Yin, Z. Y. You, B. X. Yu, C. X. Yu, G. Yu, T. Yu, X. D. Yu, C. Z. Yuan, L. Yuan, S. C. Yuan, X. Q. Yuan, Y. Yuan, Z. Y. Yuan, C. X. Yue, A. A. Zafar, F. R. Zeng, X. Zeng, Y. Zeng, X. Y. Zhai, Y. H. Zhan, A. Q. Zhang, B. L. Zhang, B. X. Zhang, D. H. Zhang, G. Y. Zhang, H. Zhang, H. H. Zhang, H. Q. Zhang, H. Y. Zhang, J. L. Zhang, J. Q. Zhang, J. W. Zhang, J. X. Zhang, J. Y. Zhang, J. Z. Zhang, Jianyu Zhang, Jiawei Zhang, L. M. Zhang, L. Q. Zhang, Lei Zhang, P. Zhang, Q. Y. Zhang, Shuihan Zhang, Shulei Zhang, X. D. Zhang, X. M. Zhang, X. Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Y. T. Zhang, Y. H. Zhang, Yan Zhang, Yao Zhang, Z. H. Zhang, Z. L. Zhang, Z. Y. Zhang, G. Zhao, J. Zhao, J. Y. Zhao, J. Z. Zhao, Lei Zhao, Ling Zhao, M. G. Zhao, S. J. Zhao, Y. B. Zhao, Y. X. Zhao, Z. G. Zhao, A. Zhemchugov, B. Zheng, J. P. Zheng, Y. H. Zheng, B. Zhong, C. Zhong, X. Zhong, H. Zhou, L. P. Zhou, X. Zhou, X. K. Zhou, X. R. Zhou, X. Y. Zhou, Y. Z. Zhou, J. Zhu, K. Zhu, K. J. Zhu, L. X. Zhu, S. H. Zhu, S. Q. Zhu, T. J. Zhu, W. J. Zhu, Y. C. Zhu, Z. A. Zhu, J. H. Zou, J. Zu, and null (BESIII Collaboration)
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation
Abstract: We report a search for a heavier partner of the recently observed state, denoted as , in the process , based on collision data collected at the center-of-mass energies of , 4.682 and 4.699 GeV with the BESIII detector. The is of interest as it is expected to be a candidate for a hidden-charm and open-strange tetraquark. A partial-reconstruction technique is used to isolate recoil-mass spectra, which are probed for a potential contribution from ( ). We find an excess of ( ) candidates with a significance of , after considering systematic uncertainties, at a mass of . As the data set is limited in size, the upper limits are evaluated at the 90% confidence level on the product of the Born cross sections ( ) and the branching fraction ( ) of , under different assumptions of the mass from 4.120 to 4.140 MeV and of the width from 10 to 50 MeV at the three center-of-mass energies. The upper limits of are found to be at the level of pb at each energy. Larger data samples are needed to confirm the state and clarify its nature in the coming years.
Published: 2023

14. Corrigendum: Maximum DC operating current degradation and magnetization loss of no-insulation (RE)Ba2Cu3O x coil under AC axial background magnetic fields (2022 Supercond. Sci. Technol. 35 114001)

Author: Wenbo Xue, Yutong Fu, Zhen Lu, Qingqing Yang, Ke Li, Yue Zhao, and Yawei Wang
Subjects: Materials Chemistry, Metals and Alloys, Ceramics and Composites, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics
Published: 2023

15. Effects of field distribution on the tunneling time of ultracold atoms through high-quality cavities

Author: Fazal Badshah, Yuan Zhou, Abdul Basit, Zia Ullah, Xin-Ke Li, Qing He, and Haibo Huang
Subjects: Condensed Matter Physics, Instrumentation, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: We explore the traversal essence of the ultracold atoms propagating through high-quality cavities in vacuum, Fock state and coherent field distribution. The atom-field interaction is considered for a two-photon resonance process which transforms into a scattering-like venture with non-zero reflection/transmission probabilities. Here the field statistics strongly effects the interaction process and hence the tunneling time of the incident atoms through the cavity. We examine the propagation of the wave packet peaks associated with the atoms and referred it as the phase time of tunneling. It is found that for suitable field distributions, demeanor of the tunneling time might be smartly transposed from sub- to the super-classical nature. Further, extent and site of the sub- and superclassical peaks on the energy axis can be vigorously managed via the field intensity of the mazer cavity. Moreover, the mazer action (scattering like behavior) can be accomplished even for thermal atoms while using somewhat higher intensities of the field.
Published: 2022

16. Parameter effects on arterial vessel sonicated by high-intensity focused ultrasound: an ex vivo vascular phantom study

Author: Qianwen Huang, Yun Zhou, Ke Li, Lei Pan, Yuan Liu, Jingfeng Bai, and Xiang Ji
Subjects: Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Abstract: Objective. This study is aimed to explore the effects of vascular and sonication parameters on ex vivo vessel sonicated by high-intensity focused ultrasound. Approach. The vascular phantom embedding the polyolefin tube or ex vivo vessel was sonicated. The vascular phantom with 1.6 and 3.2 mm tubes was sonicated at three acoustic powers (2.0, 3.5, 5.3 W). The occlusion level of post-sonication tubes was evaluated using ultrasound imaging. The vascular phantom with the ex vivo abdominal aorta of rabbit for three flow rates (0, 5, 10 cm s−1) was sonicated at two acoustic powers (3.5 and 5.3 W). Different distances between focus and posterior wall (2, 4, 6 mm) and cooling times (0 and 10 s) were also evaluated. The diameter of the sonicated vessel was measured by B-mode imaging and microscopic photography. Histological examination was performed for the sonicated vessels. Main results. For the 5 cm s−1 flow rate, the contraction index of vascular diameter (Dc) with 5.3 W and 10 s cooling time at 2 mm distance was 39 ± 9% (n = 9). With the same parameters except for 0 cm s−1 flow rate, the Dc was increased to 45 ± 7% (n = 4). At 3.5 W, the Dc with 5 cm s−1 flow rate was 23 ± 15% (n = 4). The distance and cooling time influenced the lesion along the vessel wall. Significance. This study has demonstrated the flow rate and acoustic power have the great impact on the vessel contraction. Besides, the larger lesion covering the vessel wall would promote the vessel contraction. And the in vivo validation is required in the future study.
Published: 2022

17. Maximum DC operating current degradation and magnetization loss of no-insulation (RE)Ba2Cu3O x coil under AC axial background magnetic fields

Author: Wenbo Xue, Yutong Fu, Zhen Lu, Qingqing Yang, Ke Li, Yue Zhao, and Yawei Wang
Subjects: Materials Chemistry, Metals and Alloys, Ceramics and Composites, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics
Abstract: No-insulation (NI) high-temperature superconductor (HTS) coils show a great advantage on enhanced thermal stability during quenches. It is inevitably exposed to ripple AC magnetic fields in some applications, such as synchronous machines, tokamak magnets and maglev trains. The AC applied fields can induce an eddy current in NI coils due to the absence of turn-to-turn insulation. This eddy current may cause considerable maximum DC operating current degradation and additional magnetization loss in NI coils, which are still unclear. In this paper we study this issue using both experiments and simulations. An experimental platform is built to measure the maximum operating current of HTS coils exposed to AC axial applied fields, and the results show that the axial AC applied fields can lead to a significant maximum operating current degradation (22.9% in this study) on the NI HTS coil due to the eddy current induced even though the field is parallel to tape’s ab-plane and has a very low amplitude and frequency (26.88 mT/50 Hz). Meanwhile, this low applied field has little effect on the critical current of insulated HTS coils. A numerical model is applied to elucidate the underlying physical mechanism of this phenomenon, and the magnetization loss induced by an additional transport current is analyzed using this model. The influence of graded turn-to-turn resistivity technique is also investigated, and the results show that this technique can effectively prevent the maximum operating current degradation and reduce the magnetization loss of NI HTS coils exposed to AC axial applied fields.
Published: 2022

18. Short term photovoltaic power prediction based on FWA-CNN-GRU neural network

Author: Xiaohuan Wang, Quanming Zhao, Ke Li, Tianyi Yang, and Chuang Fan
Subjects: History, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract: In order to achieve accurate prediction of short-term photovoltaic power generation, this paper establishes a photovoltaic power prediction model based on FWA-CNN-GRU through the combination and optimization of neural network. Firstly, this paper crunches data and establishes the test sets and training sets. Then, the prediction model based on CNN-GRU is built through Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) neural network. Meanwhile, the Fireworks Algorithm (FWA) is introduced to search the optimal value of the super parameters of the network model. A prediction model that is based on FWA-CNN-GRU is established. Finally, the prediction is made according to different seasons. The experimental comparison shows that the average Root Mean Square Error and Mean Absolute Error of the optimized model are reduced by 9.190% and 6.095% respectively, and the average coefficient of determination reaches 96.83%. It shows that FWA-CNN-GRU model has higher prediction accuracy and can provide a theoretical basis for the operation and regulation of power grid.
Published: 2022

19. FPGA-based multi-channel thermocouple temperature measurement system

Author: Xiyin Liang, Miao Cai, Muqi Ma, Xiao Lu, Peng Fu, and Ke Li
Subjects: History, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract: Aiming at the high and low temperature test requirements of spacecraft before being sent into space, this paper designs and implements a multi-channel thermocouple temperature measurement system based on FPGA.The system adopts thermocouple as temperature sensor, and ADT7310 is used as thermocouple cold junction temperature compensation, which solves the problem of thermocouple cold junction compensation better.The front end adopts AD7193, a 24-bit analog-to-digital converter with low noise, multi-channel and low power consumption, to amplify and A/D convert the signal at measuring junction of thermocouple.The control core is a field programmable logic gate array FPGA, which can better solve the problem of parallel processing of multi-channel temperature signals. At the same time, it uses the transposition method of the thermocouple standard graduation table, the interpolation look-up table algorithm and the cold junction compensation reverse look-up table algorithm, which is effective The temperature measurement accuracy of each channel is improved.The experimental results show that the system can be connected to 24 K-type or T-type thermocouple sensors, the measurement range can reach -200°C∼220°C (73.15K∼493.15K), and the relative error is less than ±0.3%F.S.
Published: 2022

20. The facilities and performance of TianQin laser ranging station

Author: Caishi Zhang, Tianquan Gao, Yuyan Cao, Zhongwei Fan, Honglin Fu, De-Feng Gu, Xida Han, Yutao Huang, Lin Kang, Ke Li, Ming Li, Rongwang Li, Yu-Qiang Li, Zhulian Li, Zun-Biao Li, Jun-Xiang Lian, Junchi Liu, Qi Liu, Sheng-Qian Liu, Yuan Liu, Jianwei Mei, Xiaoyu Pi, Cheng-Gang Shao, Ji Sun, Yu-Jie Tan, Yuhua Tang, Liang-Cheng Tu, Panpan Wang, Saijin Wang, Peiheng Wu, Qinglin Wu, Liang Xiong, Yao-Heng Xiong, Chao Xue, Yong Yan, Shan-Qing Yang, Hsien-Chi Yeh, Dongsheng Zhai, Haitao Zhang, Hongbo Zhang, Labao Zhang, Lihua Zhang, Hong-Chao Zhao, Guo-Dong Zhou, and Jun Luo
Subjects: Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)
Abstract: The TianQin Project is aiming at gravitational wave (GW) detection in space. TianQin GW observatory comprises three satellites orbiting on 1 × 105 km Earth orbits to form an equilateral-triangle constellation. In order to minimize the variations in arm lengths and breathing angles, the satellites must be launched and adjusted precisely into an optimized orbit. Therefore, satellite laser ranging must be used to enhance the precision of satellite orbit determination. To develop the capability of satellite laser ranging for TianQin’s orbit, the TianQin Laser Ranging Station has been designed and constructed to perform high-precision laser ranging for TianQin satellites and lunar laser ranging as well. Applying a 1064 nm Nd: YAG laser with 100 Hz repetition frequency, 80 pico-second pulse duration, and 2 × 2 array of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, we have obtained the laser echo signals from the five lunar retro-reflector arrays, and the measurement data have been packaged into 234 normal points (NPs), including a few data measured during the full-moon lunar phase. Each NP is calculated from continuous measurement for about ten minutes and the statistical error of the NPs is about 7 mm (1σ).
Published: 2022

21. Active flutter control of a bridge-flap system considering aerodynamic interferences in practical considerations

Author: Ke Li, Lin Zhao, Yi Hui, Qingshan Yang, Zengshun Chen, and Guowei Qian
Subjects: Mechanics of Materials, Signal Processing, General Materials Science, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: Designing bridges with spans larger than 2000 m is challenging. One critical problem is that the flutter stability of such bridges is extremely weak. In past studies, actively controlled flaps were found to improve the flutter stability performance. However, in those studies, the deck was always assumed to be an ideal streamlined plate to simplify the aerodynamic interference effect in the deck-flap system. This simplification limits the application of this technique on real projects. To improve the applicability, we adopt a typical bluff body deck to investigate the effect of the active flaps under different wind attack angles. The novelty of this work is the analysis of the aerodynamic interference and resulting control impact considering the application scenario. The tests are conducted through the computational fluid dynamic method. To give intuitive explanations of the aerodynamic interference, the distributed aerodynamic characteristics method is innovatively introduced to quantify the contribution of flap on the flutter stability during the control process. Our results show that the leading flap has a dominant contribution to the flutter stability by inducing the beneficial aerodynamic damping on the deck’s leading surfaces. Its optimal phase should be about π/2 lagging from the deck’s torsional motion. In comparison, the effect of the trailing flap is unstable under different wind attack angles. To guarantee a robust control effect, it is suggested that it remains stationary.
Published: 2022

22. Requirement of the on/off ratio of superconducting heat switch used for the continuous stage of cADR

Author: Ping Liu, Ke Li, Chang Wang, Fangqiu Yu, Jun Shen, and Wei Dai
Subjects: General Medicine
Abstract: As an important component of the adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR), the superconducting heat switch uses the different thermal conductivities of a metal in the normal state and the superconducting state to turn the heat switch on / off for the continuous stage. Switch ratio is an important parameter to evaluate the performance of a heat switch, which is related to many factors. Peter Kittel calculated the different switch ratio requirements in the single-stage and multi-stage ADR. Based on that, this paper focuses on the relationship between the required switch ratio and operating parameters of the ADR system, especially the ratio of the heat leak to the effective cooling power.
Published: 2022

23. Photon-pair blockade in a Josephson-photonics circuit with two nondegenerate microwave resonators

Author: Sheng-li Ma, Ji-kun Xie, Ya-long Ren, Xin-ke Li, and Fu-li Li
Subjects: Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter::Superconductivity, General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract: We propose to generate photon-pair blockade in a Josephson-photonics circuit that consists of a dc voltage-biased Josephson junction in series with a superconducting charge qubit and two nondegenerate microwave resonators. The two-level charge qubit is utilized to create anticorrelations of the charge transport; that is, the simultaneous Cooper pair tunneling events are inhibited. When the Josephson frequency matches the sum of resonance frequencies of the charge qubit and the two resonators, we demonstrate that the two resonators can release their energies in the form of antibunched pairs of two strongly correlated photons. The present work provides a practical way for producing a bright microwave source of antibunched photon pairs, with potential applications ranging from spectroscopy and metrology to quantum information processing., Comment: Accepted for publication in New J. Phys
Published: 2022

24. Efficient implementation of x-ray ghost imaging based on a modified compressive sensing algorithm

Author: Haipeng Zhang, Ke Li, Changzhe Zhao, Jie Tang, and Tiqiao Xiao
Subjects: General Physics and Astronomy
Abstract: Towards efficient implementation of x-ray ghost imaging (XGI), efficient data acquisition and fast image reconstruction together with high image quality are preferred. In view of radiation dose resulted from the incident x-rays, fewer measurements with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are always anticipated. Available methods based on linear and compressive sensing algorithms cannot meet all the requirements simultaneously. In this paper, a method based on a modified compressive sensing algorithm with conjugate gradient descent method (CGDGI) is developed to solve the problems encountered in available XGI methods. Simulation and experiments demonstrate the practicability of CGDGI-based method for the efficient implementation of XGI. The image reconstruction time of sub-second implicates that the proposed method has the potential for real-time XGI.
Published: 2022

25. Enhancement of Ammonia Sensors Using In2O3 Sensing Electrode by Adjusting Particle Size and NiCo2O4 Reference Electrode.

Author: Lin Yang, Chunping Wu, Yiran Zhang, Bang Xiao, Anqi Jiao, Ke Li, Ting Chen, Reggie Zhan, and He Lin
Subjects: STANDARD hydrogen electrode, DETECTORS, ELECTRODES, AMMONIA
Abstract: A mixed potential ammonia sensor using In2O3 sensing electrode was prepared, and its sensing performance was enhanced by adjusting particle size with calcination heating rate as well as the utilization of NiCo2O4 reference electrode. It was found that the sensor with a calcination heating rate of 2 °C min−1 had the best performance, with a sensitivity of −61.27 mV decade−1 at 525 °C, and the TEM results showed that the average particle size was 70.36 nm. Furthermore, the sensor exhibited good stability against oxygen concentration fluctuation. The results also indicated that the mixed potential has a linear relationship with the logarithm of NH3 concentration, suggesting that the ammonia sensors in this study conform to the mixed potential theory. To address the issue that most ammonia sensors are susceptible to NO2 interference, NiCo2O4 was used as reference electrode to replace the Pt reference electrode, which could greatly offset the response of NO2 and improve the sensors selectivity. In summary, the developed In2O3/YSZ/NiCo2O4 sensor exhibited a great potential for NH3 monitoring in SCR systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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26. Study on upgrading and engineering design of leachate treatment facilities in a landfill in Beijing

Author: Ke, Li, primary and Lu, Yan, additional
Published: 2021
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27. Frequency modulation control strategy based on index calculation and energy storage system SOC

Author: Zhongyan Wang, Yang Song, Ke Li, Ruicai Si, and Chenbo Wang
Abstract: With the increasing requirements for FM quality in power systems, more and more high-quality FM resources are participating in the FM auxiliary service market. This paper proposes a SOC control strategy based on index calculation and considering AGC power unit performance evaluation criteria. This strategy defines control strategies such as charging and discharging during idle time to keep the energy storage system SOC at 55%.This control method was first applied in a 10MW/5.6MW·h project of a power plant in Guangzhou. The application effect of the project shows that the control strategy has strong practicability and good application effect. Compared with other strategies, this control strategy increases the performance of the energy storage system by 3 to 4 times and greatly improves the economic benefits of the power plant.
Published: 2022

28. Design and Development of Virtual Simulation Teaching Resources of 'Safe Electricity' Based on Unity3D

Author: Qing-Sheng Zheng and Ke Li
Subjects: History, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract: While electricity brings convenience to people’s production and life, it also has certain hazards. It is imperative to popularize common sense of safe electricity use. For non-electrical majors, offering electrical and electronic technology courses is one of the ways. Electrical and electronic technology is a technical basic course with high practical requirements. It is mainly taught through a combination of theory and experiment. However, in actual teaching, there are still some teaching contents that are not experimental and experience teaching difficulties, which give teachers and students brings teaching problems. This article takes the teaching content of “Safe Electricity” as an example. Explain the design, development and application of virtual simulation teaching resources. Experimental research results show that virtual simulation teaching resources play a positive role in improving the shortcomings of traditional teaching, promoting students’ interest in learning, and improving learners’ learning effects.
Published: 2022

29. Enhancement of Radiative Cooling Effect by Bioinspired Hollow-core Triangular Structures

Author: Ke Li, Tianshun Zhang, Lei Pan, Xinyuan Zhang, Xiudong Xu, Shuliang Dou, Yao Li, and Yaohui Zhan
Subjects: History, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract: Inspired by the curiousness that what happens if the silver ant’s hair is designed to be hollow-core rather than solid-core while maintaining its triangular shape, the thermoregulatory response of both the solid- and hollow-core schemes are investigated comprehensively in a photothermal viewpoint. Optical responses, power balances, and field distributions collectively show that the hollow-core system has many advantages over the solid-core system in terms of selective reflection, omnidirectional absorption capability, and overall cooling performance. The investigation sheds more light on the physics in the hollow-core structures and suggests an alternative biomimetic scheme for thermal management.
Published: 2022

30. A Detection Model of the Moving Direction in Vertical for UAV to Search Ground Infrared Targets

Author: Yang Yang, Zhijun Li, Yunqiang Wu, Ke Li, and Jie Lu
Subjects: History, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract: Regarding the relative detection of the moving direction in vertical between the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and the ground target, we have been inspired by the functional advantages of flying insects in nature, such as lightweight, low computational complexity, low power, and the natural characteristics of high adaptability and high reliability in the detection and tracking or escape process of targets. Based on this, with the help of LGMD (lobula giant movement detector) neuron modeling, this paper proposes a detection model of the moving direction in vertical for UAV ground infrared targets based on LGMD neurons modeling (referred to as LGMD-UAVGIT model). In this paper, experiments and tests are mainly carried out on infrared imaging videos taken by UAVs, thus verifying the effectiveness of the new model proposed in the paper for detecting the two typical vertical movement directions of UAVs that are relatively far away from and close to the ground targets.
Published: 2022

31. 2D porous Nb4N5@Nb2C heterojunctions for high-performance Li-ion batteries

Author: Jingsong Wu, Yunfeng Guan, Ke Li, Qun Xie, Zhiming Wang, Hui Zhu, Qin Zhang, Xuanke Li, Guanming Yuan, and Ye Cong
Subjects: Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Engineering, General Materials Science, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics
Abstract: Constructing transition metal nitrides (TMNs) with a 2D porous structure is an effective strategy to alleviate their volume expansion and self-aggregation issues, eventually enhancing their electrochemical performance. However, very few studies have been reported up to now. Herein, 2D porous Nb4N5@Nb2C heterojunctions are successfully synthesized from Nb2C MXene precursor by employing a two-step nitridation method in NH3 atmosphere. Owing to the abundant active sites, fast Li-ions diffusion paths, and sufficient buffer space for releasing volume expansion, 2D porous Nb4N5@Nb2C heterojunctions achieve high rate performance and excellent cycling stability, maintaining 109.2 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1 after 800 cycles. This work provides a facile strategy for building 2D porous TMNs and their heterojunctions with excellent electrochemical performances.
Published: 2021

32. Unprecedented decline in summertime surface ozone over eastern China in 2020 comparably attributable to anthropogenic emission reductions and meteorology

Author: Cheng Liu, Bo Zheng, Xiao Lu, Youwen Sun, Meng Gao, Ke Li, and Hao Yin
Subjects: Surface ozone, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Eastern china, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Environmental science, Atmospheric sciences, General Environmental Science
Abstract: China’s nationwide monitoring network initiated in 2013 has witnessed continuous increases of urban summertime surface ozone to 2019 by about 5% year−1, among the fastest ozone trends in the recent decade reported in the Tropospheric ozone assessment report. Here we report that surface ozone levels averaged over cities in eastern China cities decrease by 5.5 ppbv in May–August 2020 compared to the 2019 levels, representing an unprecedented ozone reduction since 2013. We combine the high-resolution GEOS-Chem chemical model and the eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) machine learning model to quantify the drivers of this reduction. We estimate that changes in anthropogenic emissions alone decrease ozone by 3.2 (2.9–3.6) ppbv (57% of the total 5.5 ppbv reduction) averaged over cities in eastern China and by 2.5 ∼ 3.2 ppbv in the three key city clusters for ozone mitigation. These reductions appear to be driven by decreases in anthropogenic emissions of both nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and volatile organic compounds, likely reflecting the stringent emission control measures implemented by The Chinese Ministry of Environmental and Ecology in summer 2020, as supported by observed decline in tropospheric formaldehyde (HCHO) and nitrogen dioxides (NO2) from satellite and by bottom-up emission estimates. Comparable to the emission-driven ozone reduction, the wetter and cooler weather conditions in 2020 decrease ozone by 2.3 (1.9–2.6) ppbv (43%). Our analyses indicate that the current emission control strategies can be effective for ozone mitigation in China yet tracking future ozone changes is essential for further evaluation. Our study also reveals important potential to combine the mechanism-based, state-of-art atmospheric chemical models with machine learning model to improve the attribution of ozone drivers.
Published: 2021

33. Engineering design of landfill leachate treatment system in a waste incineration plant in Chengdu

Author: Ke, Li, primary, Fang, Wang, additional, Zuoming, Yu, additional, and Xinsheng, Lu, additional
Published: 2021
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34. Monolayer MoS2 photodetectors with a buried-gate field-effect transistor structure

Author: Zewen Liu, Ke Li, Jingye Sun, Shasha Li, Tao Deng, and Yuning Li
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Orders of magnitude (temperature), Mechanical Engineering, Transistor, Photodetector, Bioengineering, General Chemistry, law.invention, Mechanics of Materials, law, Monolayer, Optoelectronics, General Materials Science, Field-effect transistor, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Low voltage, Voltage, Diode
Abstract: Unlike zero-bandgap graphene, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has an adjustable bandgap and high light absorption rate, hence photodetectors based on MoS2 have attracted tremendous research attention. Most of the reported MoS2 photodetectors adopted back-gate field-effect transistor (FET) structure due to its easy fabrication and modulation features. However, the back-gate FET structure requires very high gate voltage up to 100 V, and it is impossible to modulate each device in an array with this structure independently. This work demonstrated a monolayer MoS2 photodetector based on a buried-gate FET structure whose experimental results showed that both the electrical and photoelectrical properties could be well modulated by a gate voltage as low as 3 V. A photoresponsivity above 1 A W−1 was obtained under a 395 nm light-emitting diode light illumination, which is over 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of a reported back-gate photodetector based on monolayer MoS2 (7.5 mA W−1). The photoresponsivity can be further improved by increasing the buried gate voltage and source-drain voltage. These results are of significance for the practical applications of MoS2 photodetectors, especially in the low voltage and energy-saving areas.
Published: 2021

35. Real-time vehicle detection and computer intelligent recognition through improved YOLOv4

Author: Zhenhao Ni, Tingna Liu, Ke Li, Yongqiang Bai, and Zhongjie Zhu
Subjects: History, Computer Science Applications, Education
Abstract: Vehicle detection is one of the key techniques of intelligent transportation system with high requirements for real-time and accuracy. To better balance the requirements, a vehicle detection algorithm based on the You Only Look Once (YOLO) v4 is proposed in this paper. On the one hand, the improved depthwise separable convolution is adopted to ensure the real-time performance. On the other hand, a novel feature fusion network is designed to gather more original feature information of different depth network layer. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the detection time by half while ensuring the accuracy, compared with the pristine YOLOv4.
Published: 2021

36. Numerical investigation of anisotropic and time-dependent behaviors of tunnel invert structure in layered rock mass

Author: Shuai Feng, Xu Wu, Ke Li, and Zhen Gao
Subjects: Layered intrusion, Structure (category theory), Geometry, Anisotropy, Geology
Published: 2021

37. Coupling-modulation–mediated generation of stable entanglement of superconducting qubits via dissipation

Author: Xin-ke Li, Ming-tao Cao, Sheng-li Ma, Ji-kun Xie, Jing Zhang, Ya-long Ren, and Fuli Li
Subjects: Superconductivity, Physics, Coupling (electronics), Computer Science::Emerging Technologies, Modulation, Quantum mechanics, Qubit, General Physics and Astronomy, Quantum Physics, Quantum entanglement, Dissipation
Abstract: We propose an experimentally feasible scheme for the dissipative generation of stable entanglement of superconducting qubits via coupling modulation without applying any drives on qubits and resonator. Firstly, we study the circuit of one superconducting transmission line resonator coupled to two separated qubits via two superconducting quantum interference devices (SUQIDs). By modulating the inductance of the SQUIDs via external fluxes, we can tailor an appropriate qubit-resonator coupling with both red- and blue-sideband interactions. Combined with the photon loss of the resonator, the two qubits can be autonomously steered into a long-lived entangled state with high fidelity. Moreover, we extend the model to one resonator coupled to two separated qubit chains, each of which contains N linearly coupled superconducting qubits. We show that the lossy resonator can drive the whole system into a unique dark state, i.e., a series of N entangled pairs of qubits across the chains can be stabilized at the stationary state. So, the present work enables the preparation of a stable long-range entangled state between the two qubits in the end sites of the chains, which plays an important role for implementing scalable quantum computation and quantum communication.
Published: 2021

38. Upgrading project of leachate treatment station in a landfill site in Beijing

Author: Ke, Li, primary and Xinsheng, LU, additional
Published: 2020
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39. Research on planning and design of airport airfield area

Author: Ke, Li, primary and Bin, Shao, additional
Published: 2020
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40. Optimization of construction parameters of Highway Tunnel CRD Method

Author: yuwen, Wang, primary, kaicheng, Hua, additional, Ke, Li, additional, Hongyan, Guo, additional, and Xiangyang, Cui, additional
Published: 2020
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41. Experimental Study on Mechanical Property of Highly Weathered Tuff for High-altitude Tunnel

Author: Ke, Li, primary, Hongyan, Guo, additional, Hengxiang, Song, additional, and Chen, Jiabao, additional
Published: 2020
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42. Optimized Selection of Construction Scheme for Huiqing Expressway Tunnel

Author: Kaikeng, Hua, primary, Hongyan, Guo, additional, Ke, Li, additional, and Xiangyang, Cui, additional
Published: 2020
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43. Research and application of a domestic system of wind power directly stirring heating---Taking northeast China as an example

Author: Zhang, Linghan, primary, Yao, Qiuchen, additional, and Ke, Li, additional
Published: 2020
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44. Road Tunnel Detection Robot and Method Based on Laser Point Cloud

Author: Li, Wenfeng, primary, Liu, Yulei, additional, Ke, LI, additional, Peng, Yong, additional, Ding, Hao, additional, and Liu, Qiu-zhuo, additional
Published: 2020
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45. An experimental method to correct low-frequency concentric artifacts in photon counting CT

Author: Ke Li, Xu Ji, Ran Zhang, Kevin Treb, Mang Feng, and Aaron M. Dingle
Subjects: Physics, Photons, Artifact (error), Polynomial, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Phantoms, Imaging, business.industry, Detector, Concentric, Noise (electronics), Imaging phantom, Photon counting, Optics, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Artifacts, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Projection (set theory), Algorithms
Abstract: Large-area photon counting detectors (PCDs) are usually built by tiling multiple semiconductor panels that often have slightly different spectral responses to input x-rays. As a result of this spectral inconsistency, experimental PCD-CT images of large, human-sized objects may show high-frequency ring artifacts and low-frequency band artifacts. Due to the much larger width of the bands compared with the rings, the concentric artifact problem in PCD-CT images of human-sized objects cannot be adequately addressed by conventional CT ring correction methods. This work presents an experimental method to correct the concentric artifacts in PCD-CT. The method is applicable to not only energy-discriminating PCDs with multiple bins but also PCDs with only a single threshold controller. Its principle is similar to the two-step beam hardening correction method, except that the proposed method uses pixel-specific polynomial functions to address the spectral inconsistency problem across the detector plane. The pixel-specific polynomial coefficients were experimentally calibrated using 15 acrylic sheets and 6 aluminum sheets of known thicknesses. The pixel-specific polynomial functions were used to convert the measured PCD-CT projection data to acrylic- and aluminum-equivalent thicknesses that are energy-independent. The proposed method was experimentally evaluated using a human cadaver head and multiple physical phantoms: two of them contain iodine and one phantom contains dual K-edge contrast materials (gadolinium and iodine). The results show that the proposed method can effectively remove the low-frequency concentric artifacts in PCD-CT images while reducing beam hardening artifacts. In contrast, the conventional CT ring correction algorithm did not adequately address the low-frequency band artifacts. Compared with the direct material decomposition-based correction method, the proposed method not only relaxes the requirement of multi-energy bins but also generates images with lower noise and fewer concentric artifacts.
Published: 2021

46. SWOT Analysis of National Traditional Sports Curriculum Resource Sharing Based on Internet 'MO Class'

Author: Ke Li
Subjects: History, Class (computer programming), Knowledge management, business.industry, The Internet, business, Curriculum, SWOT analysis, Computer Science Applications, Education, Shared resource
Abstract: National traditional sports is an important carrier of my country’s traditional culture. Sharing limited educational resources has become an important direction and trend of educational development, and it is also a common opportunity to narrow the educational gap between the east and the west. Relying on the Internet MOOC, this article conducts SWOT analysis on the resource sharing of national traditional sports curriculum, analyzes from four perspectives of advantages, disadvantages, opportunities, and threats, and proposes suggestions and countermeasures for the entry of traditional national sports into campus, aiming to protect traditional national sports.
Published: 2021

47. Practical decoy-state BB84 quantum key distribution with quantum memory*

Author: Xing-Yu Zhou, Qin Wang, Qi-Wei Guo, Xian-Ke Li, and Xiao-Qian Song
Subjects: Physics, Decoy state, Quantum mechanics, General Physics and Astronomy, Quantum key distribution, Quantum information science, BB84, Quantum memory
Abstract: We generalize BB84 quantum key distribution (QKD) to the scenario where the receiver adopts a heralded quantum memory (QM). With the heralded QM, the valid dark count rate of the receiver’s single photon detectors can be mitigated obviously, which will lower the quantum bit error rate, and thus improve the performance of decoy-state BB84 QKD systems in long distance range. Simulation results show that, with practical experimental system parameters, decoy-state BB84 QKD with QM can exhibit performance comparable to that of without QM in short distance range, and exhibit performance better than that without QM in long distance range.
Published: 2021

48. Discussion and analysis on problems of lube oil cooler and the oil cooler three way valve of a thermal power unit

Author: Ke-Li, Zhengfeng-Wu, Junfeng-Qi, Jinliang-Liu, and Yuzhu-Zhao
Subjects: Petroleum engineering, Three way, Environmental science, Thermal power station, Unit (housing)
Abstract: Lube oil cooler is an important heat exchange equipment to provide suitable oil temperature for steam turbine unit. Its reliability is directly related to the normal operation of the unit. Combined with the system commissioning work, this paper finds out the problems existing in the lube oil cooler body and the oil cooler three way valve, and puts forward several improvement and optimization schemes, so as to improve the operation status of the equipment, improve the reliability of the system, and also facilitate the maintenance of the equipment, which provides a design reference for ensuring the safe and economic operation of the unit.
Published: 2021

49. Screen-printable and flexible in-plane micro-supercapacitors with fractal electrode design

Author: Di Wei, Wei Shen, Mingchuan Zheng, Mengjuan Zhong, Feiyao Yang, Ke Li, Yaning Zhou, Xiaobing Xu, Tao Xu, and Lu Yang
Subjects: Supercapacitor, In plane, Materials science, Fractal, business.industry, Electrode, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Published: 2021

50. Electron and photon performance measurements with the ATLAS detector using the 2015-2017 LHC proton-proton collision data

Author: Moritz Backes, Sofia Chouridou, T. M. H. Wolf, A. Baroncelli, Jason Nielsen, Alec Swenson Drobac, Maria-Teresa Dova, Marina Rotaru, Sebastian Mergelmeyer, Uta Klein, Maria Smizanska, L. Brenner, Christopher Samuel Pollard, Keisuke Yoshihara, Michel Raymond, Bruce Schumm, D. L. Briglin, Sean Dean Lawlor, A. Schulte, Yasuyuki Okumura, Tomas Sykora, Gianluca Alimonti, Siarhei Harkusha, Nihal Brahimi, Aytul Adiguzel, Dmitri Tsybychev, William James Fawcett, Remi Lafaye, Tal Roelof Van Daalen, Valery Schegelsky, Filip Nechansky, M. Saimpert, Mikel Eukeni Pozo Astigarraga, Dalila Salamani, Thomas LeCompte, L. K. Schildgen, D. Turgeman, Shawn Patrick Mc Kee, Cesar Augusto Marin Tobon, Massimo Lazzaroni, Simen Hellesund, Bogdan Malaescu, Alexander Emerman, Kyungeon Choi, Tohru Takeshita, Laurent Vacavant, Simon Paul Berlendis, Cecile Deterre, Iskander Ibragimov, Pierre-Antoine Delsart, Ying Wun Yvonne Ng, Alexander Sydorenko, Patrick Fassnacht, Oldrich Kepka, Elemer Nagy, Johannes Erdmann, Norbert Wermes, Hai Jiang, Sara Ghasemi, Giancarlo Spigo, Kathleen Whalen, Armin Michael Nairz, Marzieh Bahmani, Sergei Smirnov, Hasko Stenzel, Athina Kourkoumeli-Charalampidi, Aviv Ruben Cukierman, Lucia Pedraza Diaz, Sebastian Heer, Jolanta Olszowska, Alessandro Mirto, Maurice Garcia-Sciveres, Michael Glenn Eggleston, Gilberto Giugliarelli, Christian Weber, Yahya Tayalati, Andrey Ryzhov, Chiara Grieco, Philippe Mermod, Alexander Sakharov, Andrey Kiryunin, Peter Nemethy, Georges Azuelos, Michel Vetterli, Joao Victor Da Fonseca Pinto, Vladimir Zhulanov, Martin Stegler, Martina Javurkova, Samuel Webb, Heidi Sandaker, Changqiao Li, Emmanuel Sauvan, Roger Felipe Naranjo Garcia, Maiken Pedersen, Nedaa Asbah, Urmila Soldevila Serrano, Thomas James Neep, Barry King, Per Johansson, Steve Muanza, Alexis Roger Louis Vallier, Robert Leone, Stephen Albert Weber, Huajie Cheng, V. Lyubushkin, Verena Martinez Outschoorn, Cecilia Tosciri, R. Zou, Ana Rosario Cueto Gomez, Dimitrios Sampsonidis, E. Yigitbasi, Imma Riu, Rebecca Anne Linck, Avik Roy, Andy Parker, Rajaa Cherkaoui El Moursli, Nurcan Ozturk, Haiping Peng, Michael Duehrssen, Tatiana Klioutchnikova, Giulia Giannini, Oxana Smirnova, Konstantinos Bachas, Enrico Pasqualucci, Daniel M. Levin, Alan Peyaud, Katharina Behr, R. Bartoldus, Chen Zhou, V. Wallangen, Dimitrios Fassouliotis, George Redlinger, Stefan Rave, Marina Cobal, Jiri Masik, Oleg Fedin, Robin Eamonn Long, Anatoly Borisov, Kenneth Johns, Mario Martinez Perez, Wei Wang, Matthew Berg Epland, Isabel Marian Trigger, Jelena Jovicevic, Priscilla Pani, G. Galster, Gianluca Introzzi, Mauro Villa, Sabine Lammers, Kevin Hildebrand, Hanna Maria Borecka-Bielska, Atanu Pathak, Francesco Ragusa, Ava Chloe Audrey Lee, Bostjan Macek, Suyog Shrestha, Geoffrey Taylor, M. Fanti, Antonio Policicchio, Jiri Kroll, Kalliopi Iordanidou, Rui Zhang, Joana Machado Miguens, Janet Dietrich, Christian Johann Riegel, Eirik Gramstad, Santosh Parajuli, Farkhad Khalil-zada, Addolorata Farilla, Thu Pham, Graham Richard Lee, Ivan Sykora, Andrew Beddall, Abraham Seiden, Lesya Anna Horyn, Pippa Wells, Andrew Mehta, Francesco Cirotto, Mats Joakim Robert Olsson, Baptiste Ravina, Sally Seidel, Denys Denysiuk, Tetsuro Mashimo, Hassane Hamdaoui, Tom McCarthy, Pascal Pralavorio, G. Sabato, Giulia Gonella, Tomas Kosek, D. De Pedis, Anthony Keith Morley, Peter Wagner, Bing Zhou, Martin Kocian, Wasikul Islam, Masato Aoki, Amir Farbin, Shigeki Hirose, David Vazquez Furelos, T. A. Schwarz, Tigran Mkrtchyan, Dan Ping Huang, T. J. Burch, Nicola Semprini-Cesari, Andrew Ferrante, Stuart Derek Walker, Jose Luis Munoz Martinez, Isabelle Wingerter-Seez, Veronica Fabiani, Alessandro Tricoli, Konstantin Beloborodov, Dominik Derendarz, Alexey Anisenkov, Ann Miao Wang, Yi Fang, Jihad Assahsah, Jozsef Toth, Elena Korolkova, Steven Robertson, Claudio Luci, Grigore Tarna, I. Yeletskikh, Konstantin Lehmann, Laura Jean Bergsten, F. Hoenig, Kristin Lohwasser, S. Groh, Peter Johannes Falke, Anum Qureshi, Manuel Alvarez Estevez, Christian Schmitt, Masahiro Ikeno, Paolo Francavilla, Davide Costanzo, Biagio Di Micco, Lucio Cerrito, Meisam Ghasemi Bostanabad, Krzysztof Janas, Lamberto Luminari, Zhijun Liang, Tomas Jakoubek, E. Winkels, Yoav Afik, Carolina Michel Robles Gajardo, Christopher Meyer, Sylvain Tisserant, Wolfgang Walkowiak, Jennet Dickinson, Andrea Dell'Acqua, Maria Del Mar Capeans Garrido, W. H. Hopkins, G. Zacharis, Rui Wang, Werner Spolidoro Freund, Zakaria Chadi, Louis Fayard, Santiago González de la Hoz, Claudia Merlassino, Giuseppe Avolio, Dengfeng Zhang, Balazs Konya, Magnus Hansen, B. Giacobbe, Takanori Kono, Petr Balek, Tulin Mete, Maria Giovanna Foti, Brian Petersen, Zachary Alden Meadows, Richard Polifka, Stefan Guindon, Simone Michele Mazza, Christopher Lester, Vaclav Vacek, Jana Faltova, Tina Sfiligoj, S. Malyukov, Maria Florencia Daneri, Martin-Stefan Barisits, Carlos Escobar, Geoffrey Mullier, Fabrice Balli, William Mickael Barbe, Mark Stockton, Vakhtang Kartvelishvili, Tim Jones, Giuseppe Mornacchi, Javier Esteban Salazar Loyola, Yoichi Ikegami, Nicholas Stuart Dann, Joao Saraiva, Andrew White, Daniel Andreas Britzger, K. P. Mistry, L. La Rotonda, Lidia Smirnova, Laurent Chevalier, Stefano Camarda, Toshi Sumida, Y. Huang, Tetiana Hryn'ova, Michael Hance, Robert Henderson, N. Norjoharuddeen, Louie Corpe, Sergey Timoshenko, Chenliang Wang, Elham E Khoda, Francesco Armando Di Bello, Sven Menke, Nicolas Maximilian Koehler, Ricardo Piegaia, Kerstin Jon-And, Nikolina Ilic, Mogens Dam, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, Apostolos Tsirigotis, Auke-Pieter Colijn, Oleg Meshkov, Daniel Guest, Gerald Oakham, D. W. Casper, Sheena Schier, Halina Abramowicz, Borut Paul Kerševan, Fido Dittus, Giovandomenico Carducci, D. R. Davis, Danijela Bogavac, I. Nitsche, Wainer Vandelli, T. Nobe, Francesca Ungaro, Sigve Haug, Julien Caudron, Tairan Xu, Mattias Birman, Sergio Grancagnolo, Feng Lyu, Miriam Watson, Otmar Biebel, Galo Rafael Gonzalvo Rodriguez, Anastasia Kurova, Peilong Wang, Michael Adersberger, Alessandro De Salvo, Luiz Caloba, C. Delporte, Federica Legger, Romain Madar, S. Raspopov, Vojtech Pleskot, Shunichi Akatsuka, Attila Krasznahorkay, Timon Frank-thomas Heim, Tamar Djobava, Richard Teuscher, Stephane Willocq, Miroslav Myska, Shigeru Odaka, Y. Ma, Elisabeth Petit, Guy Rosin, Jeffrey David Shahinian, Gerjan Bobbink, Marisilvia Donadelli, Yingchun Zhu, F. Meloni, Qi Li, U. Gul, J. L. Nagle, M. Zhang, Fabrizio Trovato, Rui Miguel Faisca Rodrigues Pereira, Oleg Kuprash, Vakhtang Tsulaia, M. Wittgen, Hideyuki Oide, Bianca Monica Ciungu, Stewart Martin-Haugh, Karsten Koeneke, Dugan O'Neil, Petr Jacka, Giuseppe Iacobucci, Daniel Whiteson, Manfredi Ronzani, Angela Maria Burger, Steffen Staerz, Mercedes Minano, Jean-Francois Laporte, Fabien Jeanneau, Luca Fiorini, Fabio Cardillo, A. Soloshenko, Nataliia Zakharchuk, D. M. Strom, Joergen Sjoelin, Pedro Henrique Sales De Bruin, Emmanuel Monnier, Tomas Blazek, Karola Dette, Marcin Wladyslaw Wolter, Mark Owen, Andrew Blue, X. T. Meng, Brian Le, Rachid Mazini, Joyful Elma Mdhluli, Ahmed Tarek Abouelfadl Mohamed, R. Poggi, G. P. Gach, Aranzazu Ruiz-Martinez, Uli Schaefer, Javier Llorente Merino, Royer Edson Ticse Torres, Gianpaolo Carlino, Karel Smolek, Alexander Paramonov, Nuno Filipe Castro, Haifeng Li, Luigi Marchese, Lidia Dell'Asta, R. Wolff, Yi Jiang, G. Crosetti, Benjamin Wynne, Arnaud Ferrari, Lingxin Meng, Gavin Pownall, Alessandro Calandri, Vincent Croft, Lydia Iconomidou-Fayard, Milos Lokajicek, L. Merola, Tiago Dias Do Vale, Georges Aad, Radek Novotny, Julien-christopher Beyer, Peter Tornambe, Jan-Hendrik Arling, Julius Hrivnac, Jose Julio Lozano Bahilo, Rachel Maria Avramidou, Stephen Gibson, Frederik Ruehr, Ljiljana Morvaj, Antonio De Maria, Phillip Urquijo, Kentaro Kawade, Wenxiao Wang, Antoine Marzin, D. Sammel, Ilija Vukotic, C. Wanotayaroj, Hanno Meyer Zu Theenhausen, Luca Martinelli, Gen Kawamura, W. S. Chan, Soeren Prell, Emmerich Kneringer, Marjorie Shapiro, Cristiano Alpigiani, Soshi Tsuno, Yusheng Wu, Sara Strandberg, Danilo Giugni, Rute Costa Batalha Pedro, R Dean Schamberger, T. D. Weston, Mauro Iodice, Tomohiro Yamazaki, Will Davey, Nguyen Phuong Dang, U. Mallik, Da Xu, Michal Racko, Thomas Alfons Beermann, Wen Yi Song, Maria Rescigno, Chiao-ying Lin, Marcel Michael Stanitzki, Michele Pinamonti, Tomomi Kawaguchi, Tracey Berry, Marco Aurelio Diaz, Yumeng Cao, Tim Martin, Riccardo de Asmundis, Francesco Giuli, Luca Ambroz, Fabrice Hubaut, Grigori Rybkin, Koji Terashi, Batool Safarzadeh Samani, Craig Buttar, Daniela Salvatore, Konstantin Vorobev, Annick Lleres, Siegfried Bethke, Caterina Doglioni, Stanislav Tokár, J. Ocariz, Dorel Pietreanu, M. Yamatani, P. Sinervo, A. T. Vermeulen, Tony Liss, Xuanhong Lou, Kathryn Grimm, M. Morii, Juerg Beringer, Qipeng Hu, Eva Hansen, Akihiro Higashida, Daniel Lellouch, Aparajita Dattagupta, Alexander Grillo, Mathis Kolb, Yang Liu, Luigi Longo, Peter Maettig, Nikolaos Konstantinidis, Timothy Barklow, Ana Maria Rodriguez Vera, Mohamed Gouighri, James Chapman, Sergey Kuleshov, Daria Zieminska, Calin Alexa, Fabrizio Napolitano, Stephanie Majewski, A. Dubreuil, Erez Etzion, Francois Corriveau, Olympia Dartsi, Matthieu Robin, Theodota Lagouri, Andre Marc Hupe, Y. Minegishi, Thorwald Klapdor-kleingrothaus, Susana Patricia Amor Dos Santos, Agostino Lanza, Andrei Snesarev, Elena Murielle Freundlich, Toyonobu Okuyama, Libor Nozka, Rui Yuan, Anna Goussiou, Marco Sessa, Ahmimed Ouraou, Alessandro Ambler, Heberth Torres, Alexandre Laurier, Qun Ouyang, Juan Antonio Garcia Pascual, Francesco La Ruffa, Frank Sauerburger, Bruno Galhardo, L. G. Gagnon, John Hobbs, Elisabetta Vilucchi, Evelin Meoni, Fumiaki Ito, Lorenzo Rossini, Stefan Stonjek, Maria Aline Barros do Vale, Mark Hodgkinson, Jiri Chudoba, William Axel Leight, Yang Gao, Saskia Falke, Xuan Yang, Heling Zhu, Bruno Mansoulie, Miguel Fiolhais, Alexei Klimentov, Elliott Cheu, T. Rashid, Vincenzo Cavasinni, Aleksandra Dimitrievska, I. A. Cioara, Tamar Zakareishvili, Katherine Pachal, S. J. Crawley, Hidetoshi Otono, Jared David Little, Cheuk Yee Lo, Yasiel Delabat Diaz, Fabrizio Parodi, John Huth, M. Becker, M. Tanaka, Andrey Kamenshchikov, John Parsons, Alexander Naip Tuna, Simon Henry Connell, Andreas Petridis, Rupert Leitner, Nikolai Marcel Hartmann, Edward Diehl, Yasuyuki Horii, Max Klein, Maosen Zhou, Elisabetta Pianori, Theodor Christian Herwig, Ulrich Parzefall, Edoardo Maria Farina, Scott Snyder, Brian Moser, Carlos Lacasta, Giovanna Lehmann Miotto, Masaya Ishino, Amanda Steinhebel, Yanyan Gao, S. Meehan, Robert McPherson, Anthony Weidberg, Vivek Jain, Emmanuel Le Guirriec, Jie Zhang, Angel Campoverde, James H Cochran, Matthew Feickert, Anthony Eric Lionti, Jeff Ouellette, Nigel Hessey, Kim Katrin Heidegger, Petr Hamal, Konstantinos Nikolopoulos, Marta Losada, Devin James Mahon, Sourav Sen, Anna Sfyrla, Yuya Kano, Ayda Beddall, Wolfgang Wagner, Daniel Hayden, Joaquin Poveda, Diptaparna Biswas, Till Eifert, K. K. Gan, Nathan Peter Readioff, Ana Maria Henriques Correia, Abner Soffer, Robert Astalos, George Victor Andrei, Jianbei Liu, Benjamin Pearson, Nicolo Vladi Biesuz, Federico Sforza, Marco Bruschi, Lily Asquith, Alexandre Vaniachine, S. Jones, Maria-evanthia Tsopoulou, Marco Milesi, Andrew Mark Wharton, S. Perrella, Chiara Rizzi, Stefan Erich Von Buddenbrock, Amy Selvi Tee, Aaron White, Z. Xi, Pawel Klimek, Igor Gavrilenko, H. S. Chen, Patricia Ward, Raymond Brock, Stefania Antonia Stucci, Mahsana Haleem, Elias Coniavitis, Tak Shun Lau, Antoine Laudrain, Christopher Grud, Savannah Jennifer Thais, Margaret Susan Lutz, Jason Tylor Colt Barkeloo, Oliver Majersky, Robert Hankache, Michael William Phipps, Sune Jakobsen, Giacomo Artoni, Jessica Metcalfe, Thomas Dennis Powell, Reinhard Schwienhorst, Marija Vranjes Milosavljevic, Tatsuo Kawamoto, Frued Braren, L. Schaefer, David Rousseau, Serban Protopopescu, Igor Boyko, Jerome Samarati, A. K. Duncan, Craig Wiglesworth, Andy Haas, Laser Seymour Kaplan, Salvatore Loffredo, Izaac Sanderswood, Remco Castelijn, Shih-Chieh Hsu, Mieczyslaw Witold Krasny, Matthew Glenn Kurth, T. R. Wyatt, Giancarlo Panizzo, Akshat Puri, Zhi Zheng, Zhongyukun Xu, Benedetto Gorini, Leonardo Paolo Rossi, Marzio Nessi, Peter van Gemmeren, Jeremy Love, Emanuele Cavallaro, Kendall Reeves, Jackson Carl Burzynski, H. Herr, V. Boisvert, J. S. Yu, Lei Zhang, Jean-Baptiste De Vivie De Regie, Adrian Buzatu, Tobias Flick, Gabriele D'amen, Gino Marceca, Marc Geisen, Val O'Shea, Aishik Ghosh, Paolo Morettini, Luca Pizzimento, Alexandros Marantis, Magda Anna Chelstowska, A. Bethani, Simone Sottocornola, Enrico Junior Schioppa, Henso Abreu, Gregory David Hallewell, S. P. Y. Yuen, Rosa Simoniello, Bart Hommels, Sergey Chekulaev, I-huan Chiu, A. Sopczak, Paolo Bagnaia, Erich Varnes, David Lynn, Richard Keeler, Marek Tasevsky, G. Ripellino, Jens Weingarten, Otilia Anamaria Ducu, Wen Guan, Knut Zoch, Carl Gwilliam, Filomena Sopkova, Lewis Joseph Wilkins, Konrad Kleinknecht, Marija Marjanovic, Sebastian Andreas Merkt, P. Mogg, Gideon Bella, Junji Tojo, L. Beresford, Marcos Vinicius Silva Oliveira, Julien Maurer, Yuri Kulchitsky, Babar Ali, Ilkay Turk Cakir, Marco Montella, Kerstin Tackmann, Pawel Bruckman de Renstrom, D. Su, Gregory Barbour, Vincent Hedberg, Yang Yang, Fan Li, Alfred Goshaw, Rob Roy MacGregor Fletcher, N. Savic, Paolo Camarri, Oleg Zenin, Kunlin Han, Kenta Uno, Stefan Kluth, Liv Antje Mari Wiik, Shlomit Tarem, Gabriela Navarro, Dimitrii Krasnopevtsev, Tiesheng Dai, Quanyin Li, Debarati Roy, Didier Ferrere, Alessandro Lapertosa, Marcus Morgenstern, Ricardo Gonçalo, Stefan Tapprogge, Massimo Corradi, Mario Lassnig, Katsufumi Sato, Antony Fray, Yury Smirnov, Stefano De Castro, Charles William Kalderon, Jonathan David Bossio Sola, Anton Wolf, Takahiro Fusayasu, Alexander Cheplakov, Robin Hayes, Tony Affolder, Shuyang Hu, S. R. Hou, Narei Lorenzo Martinez, Valerio Vercesi, Iain Alexander Bertram, Elisa Fumagalli, Kazuki Todome, N. Nishu, Mossadek Talby, Stefan Simion, Alessandro La Rosa, A. Ducourthial, James Baker Beacham, Lotte Ansgaard Thomsen, Sascha Mehlhase, Karri Folan Di Petrillo, Alexander Melzer, Zihao Jiang, Alan James Taylor, Philip Phillips, Samuel Silverstein, Theodoros Geralis, E. Celebi, Chav Chhiv Chau, Michael Rijssenbeek, Petar Kevin Rados, Marco Costa, Trisha Farooque, Philipp Thomas Koenig, Fabrizio Fabbri, Giulia Ucchielli, Hajime Nanjo, Juan Antonio Aguilar Saavedra, Paolo Calafiura, Xin Chen, Alexander Solodkov, A. E. Dumitriu, Yun-Ju Lu, Lauren Tompkins, Olga Bessidskaia Bylund, Robin Middleton, Bengt Lund-Jensen, Siqi Yang, Ryan Mueller, T. Tashiro, Cyril Becot, Corentin Allaire, Blair Daniel Seidlitz, Nico Madysa, Kevin Thomas Bauer, Roman Lysak, D. Amidei, Kun Liu, Speranza Falciano, Nicoletta Garelli, Oleg Bulekov, K. Grevtsov, Bartosz Sebastian Dziedzic, Lorenzo Massa, Christoph Amelung, Migle Stankaityte, Paolo Iengo, Verena Herget, E. L. Barberio, Jing Chen, Goetz Gaycken, Andre Rummler, D. R. Shope, Federico Lasagni Manghi, Marc Cano Bret, Steven Worm, Alessandra Forti, Xiangyang Ju, Luis Filipe Oleiro Seabra, M. Mlynarikova, Cunfeng Feng, Andrzej Olszewski, I. Naryshkin, Elisabeth Schopf, Juan Terron, Frederic Schroeder, Xiaocong Ai, Fang-ying Tsai, Wei Ding, Z. M. Karpova, M. Bomben, Sarah Kate Boutle, Max Fredrik Isacson, Naoki Kimura, Fabricio Andres Jimenez Morales, Judita Mamuzic, Francesco Rubbo, Carlos Moreno Martinez, Florencia Luciana Castillo, S. Shirabe, Veronika Magerl, Alessandra Doria, Elvira Rossi, Kevin Daniel Finelli, Adriaan Koenig, Cheng Chen, C. Gray, Giulio Aielli, Eric Drechsler, Bibhuti Parida, Robert Les, K. Sekhon, Tony Doyle, Oleg Brandt, Yiming Abulaiti, Yesenia Hernández Jiménez, Stavros Maltezos, Bernd Stelzer, Mingliang Zhou, A. Montalbano, Carsten Bittrich, Serguei Sivoklokov, Kristina Anne Looper, C. M. Macdonald, Shuwei Ye, Per Edvin Sidebo, Alberto Aloisio, Huiwen Ji, Hector De la Torre, Markus Cristinziani, Roberto Ferrari, Matthew Henry Klein, Nadav Michael Tamir, Elizaveta Shabalina, Todd Brian Huffman, C. Troncon, Douglas Gingrich, Ayana Arce, Timothy Andeen, Adam Maxwell Azoulay, Andrey Minaenko, Thibault Jean Aime Chevalerias, A. Tudorache, Timo Dreyer, M. Franklin, Jean-Pierre Meyer, Damiano Vannicola, Andrey Soukharev, Vanja Morisbak, Fenfen An, Marcin Stolarski, Jing Li, Paraschos Moschovakos, Chiara Arcangeletti, Thomas Trefzger, Serhat Istin, G. Marchiori, Alexander Khanov, Alexander Lincoln Read, Daniel Scheirich, Yi-Fang Zhao, Runyu Bi, Theodoros Alexopoulos, Andrej Gorišek, Yoshihiro Shimogama, Ruchi Gupta, David Philip John Lack, Philippe Calfayan, Ioannis Manthos, Irena Nikolic-Audit, Weiming Yao, Martin Sykora, Craig Blocker, Andrea Rodriguez Perez, Djamel Eddine Boumediene, Michael Dueren, A. Trofymov, Yasushi Nagasaka, R. J. Hawkings, Yara Amaral Coutinho, Juan Fuster, Kingman Cheung, Chikuma Kato, Dave Robinson, Benjamin Hylton Brunt, Zach Marshall, Philipp Fleischmann, Paul Jackson, Anjali Krishnan, Ludovico Pontecorvo, Keith Baker, Harish Potti, Edson Carquin, Josh Moss, G. Zemaityte, Pavel Staroba, Minyu Feng, Susana Cabrera Urbán, Rachik Soualah, Susumu Oda, Enrique Kajomovitz, Rodrigo Araujo Pereira, Ingrid-Maria Gregor, A. Koulouris, K. Potamianos, Oliver Ricken, Adrian Chitan, Pierfrancesco Butti, Charles Young, J. S. Keller, Evgenii Baldin, Louis Helary, Salvatore Bruno, T. Kwan, Matthew James Sullivan, Mario Sannino, Mariel Nelson Pettee, Robert Orr, Josu Cantero, Debottam Bakshi Gupta, José Enrique García Navarro, Anna Mastroberardino, Bingxuan Liu, Huacheng Cai, Robert Kehoe, Christian Zeitnitz, N. B. Sinev, Christopher John Mcnicol, Dhiman Chakraborty, Jing-Dong Guo, Bruno Lenzi, Carla Sbarra, Amanda Cooper-Sarkar, Antonios Leisos, Joost Vossebeld, Fabrizio Petrucci, Cole Michael Helling, M. Wobisch, C. J. E. Suster, Bertrand Martin dit Latour, Noam Hod, Louis Portales, L. Xia, Yu Nakahama, Georgios Fanourakis, Helena Santos, Olga Novgorodova, James Pinfold, Fabian Alexander Foerster, Philip James Clark, Nils Krumnack, Christopher Blake Martin, Gregor Herten, Jack Henry Lindon, Geoffrey Henry Herbert, Sarah Demers, Daniela Boerner, Fabian Sohns, Tibor Zenis, Driss Goujdami, Giulio Usai, Lukas Heinrich, Marlon Barbero, Andrea Messina, Tulay Cuhadar Donszelmann, Aidan Robson, Grazia Cabras, Alexey Maslennikov, F. Anulli, Jin Wang, Y. Tu, Gang Zhang, Cristobal Padilla Aranda, Stefano Manzoni, Daniel Joseph Antrim, Pepijn Johannes Bakker, Kerstin Lantzsch, J. A. Raine, Javier Montejo Berlingen, C. Camincher, Rachel Rosten, Jochen Meyer, A. Vishwakarma, Gabriel John Facini, Jiri Hejbal, Michel Janus, William Keaton Balunas, Francesco Giuseppe Gravili, Arwa Bannoura, Olaf Nackenhorst, Rodrigo Gamboa Goni, Zuzana Blenessy, Giora Mikenberg, Denis Pudzha, James Monk, Ioannis Gkialas, V. W. S. Wong, Anna Bozena Kowalewska, Nico Giangiacomi, Yury Tikhonov, Pavel Tsiareshka, Serkant Ali Cetin, Robert Francis Hunter, Carsten Dulsen, Rhys Thomas Roberts, Evgeniy Khramov, Simone Amoroso, Fuqiang Wang, C. Dallapiccola, Philippe Farthouat, D. Duschinger, John Myers, Claude Leroy, Rafal Staszewski, Joshua Wyatt Smith, M. Bedognetti, James William Cowley, T. Daubney, Hans-Christian Schultz-Coulon, Daniel James Lewis, James Shank, Christian Weiser, Randall Sobie, Bernard Brickwedde, Justin Griffiths, Ben Waugh, Giovanni Darbo, Holly Ann Pacey, Miha Zgubic, Cherifa Sabrina Amrouche, Antonio Ereditato, Harinder Singh Bawa, Nathan Allen Grieser, Dms Sultan, Oliver Kortner, Sinan Kuday, Joseph William Carter, Andrea Catinaccio, Ilaria Luise, Hassnae El Jarrari, Gaetano Barone, Graeme Stewart, Ludovica Aperio Bella, Mattias Ellert, Sana Ketabchi Haghighat, Guy Koren, Milene Calvetti, Dominique Pallin, Christos Bakalis, Fairouz Malek, Pingchuan Zhao, James Ferrando, Alexander Fenyuk, J. C. Zeng, Emery Nibigira, Vincenzo Izzo, David Michael Handl, Bertrand Laforge, Yi Chen, Tae Min Hong, Teresa Lenz, D. Sampsonidou, Thomas Philippe Calvet, Cinzia Da Via, Eilam Gross, P. C. F. Glaysher, Marco Schioppa, John Kenneth Anders, I. Panagoulias, Ariella Cattai, Katharina Bierwagen, Zhengguo Zhao, Laurent Serin, Mark Neubauer, Jemal Khubua, Merve Nazlim Agaras, Andrei Akimov, Jiri Kvita, S. Rettie, Arthur Rene Chomont, Simone Francescato, Jens Janssen, V. Tudorache, Sau Lan Wu, Edgar Kellermann, Andrew Chisholm, Sai-Juan Chen, Shih-Chang Lee, Kaushik De, Igor Potrap, Nacim Haddad, Gabriella Gaudio, Emily Petrova Takeva, Damir Duvnjak, Dmitri Dedovich, Georg Viehhauser, Brigitte Vachon, Takashi Kobayashi, Archil Durglishvili, Georgios Iakovidis, Adam Jinaru, T. Poulsen, Luciano Manhaes de Andrade Filho, Lino Oscar Gerlach, J. Reichert, Kristian Bjoerke, Hongbo Zhu, Duc Ta, Ahmet Bingul, Elzbieta Richter-Was, David Robert Wardrope, Hiroshi Sakamoto, Dario Barberis, Michael Huebner, Jason Lea Oliver, Paul Philipp Gadow, Martin White, Eric Feng, Carsten Daniel Burgard, Justin Albert, Sahal Yacoob, Claire Alexandra Lee, Yanchu Wang, William Dale Heidorn, Margherita Primavera, Xiao-yan Li, Andrea Bocci, Daniel Rauch, Yang Qin, Philipp Horn, Oleg Solovyanov, Kristof Schmieden, Lucia Masetti, Margherita Spalla, Christina Agapopoulou, Andrew Stuart Bell, Helge Christoph Beck, Kenta Uchida, Thilo Pauly, Ryszard Stroynowski, Ilia Ravinovich, Paul Nilsson, Bakar Chargeishvili, Luis Flores Castillo, Peter Kluit, Alexandra Fell, Frank Filthaut, Katsuo Tokushuku, S. Morgenstern, Laura Rehnisch, Roberto Di Nardo, Filippo Maria Giorgi, Yi Fei Han, Antonio Giannini, Chris Malena Delitzsch, Thomas Naumann, Mihail Chizhov, Sarah Louise Barnes, Audrey Katherine Kvam, O. J. Winston, Attilio Picazio, Albert Olariu, Riccardo-Maria Bianchi, Alexey Ezhilov, Rebecca Carney, M. Valente, Mariya Shiyakova, Xinchou Lou, C. Varni, Mikhail Ivanovitch Gostkin, Klaus Moenig, Flera Rizatdinova, Carlos Garcia Argos, Dan Andrei Ciubotaru, Mikhail Demichev, Rainer Stamen, Sergey Barsov, Craig Sawyer, Jacob Julian Kempster, John Stupak, Samuel Dysch, Valerio D'Amico, Huaqiao Zhang, Domizia Orestano, Haijun Yang, Salah-eddine Dahbi, Joseph Izen, Luigi Vigani, Semen Turchikhin, Khuram Tariq, Antonio Ferrer, Christopher Anelli, Ian Connelly, Artem Basalaev, Simone Campana, Jannik Geisen, Kamil Augsten, Christos Lampoudis, Thomas Paul Charman, Richard Bates, Christian Grefe, F. A. Arduh, Ossama AbouZeid, Ruslan Mashinistov, Quentin Buat, Alessandra Ciocio, K. Sliwa, Jan Thomas Kuechler, Henri Bachacou, Daniel Fournier, Michal Marcisovsky, Adam James Bozson, Maria Josefina Alconada Verzini, Martin Aleksa, G. Eigen, Hicham Atmani, Ahmed Hasib, Tobias Bisanz, W. 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Jakobi, Maia Mosidze, Moritz Kiehn, Matteo Bauce, Ian Shipsey, Matthew Peter Heath, Tord Ekelof, Monica Verducci, Dominique Godin, David Reikher, Ovidiu Miu, Marcelo Vogel, Nicola Orlando, Matei Eugen Vasile, Roberto Cardarelli, Giacinto Piacquadio, R. Spighi, C. Vittori, Sascha Caron, Vladimir Sulin, J. E. Brau, Juraj Smiesko, Christopher Bee, Petr Vokac, Eduard Simioni, A. Camplani, Florian Hinterkeuser, L. L. Ma, Yun Sang Chow, Madalyn Ann McKay, Dave Sankey, Konstantin Belotskiy, Brianna Lynn Stamas, Steven Juhyung Lee, Serhat Oerdek, Lawrence Lee, Andrea Knue, Ana Paula Pereira Peixoto, Jason Veatch, Klaus Hamacher, Alessia Bruni, F. Gonnella, Christian Luedtke, Fudong He, Bruce Barnett, Osamu Jinnouchi, Are Sivertsen Traeet, Stefano Giagu, F. Buehrer, Ina Carli, J. M. P. Pasner, Stanislav Nemecek, Filipe Veloso, V. S. Lang, Asma Hadef, Aurelio Juste Rozas, Nenad Vranjes, F. Wilk, Kerim Suruliz, Liron Barak, Monika Wielers, Rafael Teixeira De Lima, Eric Lancon, Stefano Rosati, Manuela Campanelli, Jose Del Peso, Silvia Franchino, Dimitrios Matakias, Monika Mittal, Alexander Mann, P. Gkountoumis, Mariagrazia Alviggi, Hanlin Xu, Lennart Rustige, Adomas Jelinskas, Anna Shcherbakova, Philip Sommer, Sai Neha Santpur, Peng Huo, Rosanna Ignazzi, M. Begalli, Stephen Hillier, Noemi Calace, Tuan Nguyen Manh, Luis Hervas, Bjarne Stugu, Filip Backman, Michele Renda, Yicheng Guo, Andrea Matic, Liang Li, Saleh Sultanov, Francois Vazeille, Matthias Danninger, David Kirchmeier, Johann Collot, H. C. Cheng, M. Gignac, Joe Kroll, S. Argyropoulos, Peter Berta, Marcus De Beurs, Paolo Massarotti, Saverio D'Auria, Oliver Stelzer-Chilton, Yongsun Kim, Olga Igonkina, Wojciech Fedorko, James Walder, P. Skubic, Joey Huston, Arno Straessner, Monica D'Onofrio, Trygve Buanes, Constantine Papadatos, Alan Watson, Petar Bokan, Tim Adye, Verena Maria Walbrecht, R. D. Kass, Zdenek Hubacek, Adam Jackson Parker, Giorgio Chiarelli, Lingshan Xu, Hiroyuki Iwasaki, Shota Suzuki, A. Vaidya, Edward James Thorpe, Mika Huhtinen, M. Melo, Clement Helsens, Lorenzo Pezzotti, J. H. Rawling, Dilia Maria Portillo Quintero, Stefano Passaggio, Dmitry Golubkov, Katharina Schleicher, Eram Rizvi, Maciej Trzebinski, Alexander Leopold, Ewa Stanecka, Enrico Tassi, Hugh Williams, Mirta Dumancic, Johan Sebastian Bonilla, Jafar Shojaii, Victor Araujo Ferraz, Pavol Strizenec, Sebastian Mario Weber, Gordon Watts, Andrea Coccaro, Dustin Biedermann, L. D’Eramo, Stanislav Pospisil, Fabrizio Alfonsi, Raimund Stroehmer, Clara Nellist, Jens Dopke, Gokhan Unel, Maximilian Hils, Artur Cardoso Coimbra, Ioannis Maznas, I. Siral, Richard Brenner, Marisa Sandhoff, Felix Cormier, Kate Shaw, Marilea Reale, K. O’connor, Lorne Levinson, Trevor Vickey, Phillip Gutierrez, Siegfried Wenig, J. Kendrick, M. Ughetto, Matthew Thomas Anthony, Alexey Myagkov, Luc Poggioli, Joern Christian Lange, Song-Ming Wang, Jana Schaarschmidt, Michael Schernau, Philippe Schwemling, Matous Vozak, Mohamad Kassem Ayoub, Dennis Sperlich, M. Weirich, Arely Cortes-Gonzalez, Alexander Milov, Sergio Calvente Lopez, James Frost, Pier-Olivier Deviveiros, Jonas Strandberg, David Malon, Heiko Lacker, Anna Kaczmarska, Alberto Annovi, Janina Anna Krzysiak, Steven Goldfarb, Clara Elisabeth Leitgeb, Emanuel Demetrio Mendes Gouveia, Cong Geng, Leonid Kurchaninov, Frank Ellinghaus, Joseph Haley, Flavia De Almeida Dias, I. M. Snyder, Mykola Khandoga, Jorn Grosse-Knetter, A. J. Chuinard, Claire Gwenlan, Esteban Fullana Torregrosa, Michal Svatos, Iacopo Vivarelli, Evgeny Soldatov, Reda Tafirout, Klaus Kurt Desch, Richard Nickerson, Julia Hrdinka, Arnaud Lucotte, Georgios Stavropoulos, Ryan Christopher Edgar, Gustavo Otero y Garzon, Ishan Pokharel, Baida Achkar, Ivo van Vulpen, Antonella De Santo, Xin Wu, Abdenour Lounis, Tatsumi Koi, A. F. Webb, Daniela Rebuzzi, Pai-hsien Jennifer Hsu, Konstantinos Papageorgiou, Benjamin Brau, Nazim Huseynov, K. W. Wozniak, Liza Mijović, E. Torrence, Viktor Sinetckii, Ben Smart, Dmytro Hohov, Alexander Kupco, O. Rifki, Jaroslava Schovancova, Matteo Negrini, Jeroen Schouwenberg, M. Battaglia, Kostantinos Kordas, Steffen Schaepe, Takahiko Kondo, Juan Antonio Valls Ferrer, Daniel Camarero Munoz, Konie Al Khoury, Nicolas Scharmberg, Jun Gao, Athanasios Manousos, Christopher John Young, H. Wahlberg, Giuseppe Callea, Pierre-Francois Giraud, Ian Dawson, Henric George Wilkens, Iwona Grabowska-Bold, Sergio Díez Cornell, Johannes Frederic Damp, Paolo Sabatini, Chunhui Chen, Arnulf Quadt, Jiangyong Jia, Stefano Terzo, Kevin Kroeninger, Ourania Sidiropoulou, Helen Hayward, Eitan Gozani, S. H. Stark, Xuan Zhang, Yuta Sano, N. Proklova, Marta Maria Perego, Antonio Zoccoli, Zineb Idrissi, Wendy Taylor, Ralf Hertenberger, Zirui Wang, Petr Andreevich Gorbounov, Irakli Minashvili, Kunlin Ran, John Hill, Jahred Adelman, Julia Mariana Iturbe Ponce, Anna Lipniacka, Christian Ohm, N. W. Shaikh, Alice Polyxeni Morris, Katharine Leney, Benjamin William Allen, Fabrizio Scuri, Stefanie Todt, Kenneth Wraight, Javier Sánchez, Miaoran Lu, James Boyd, Matthew Joseph Basso, Carlo Schiavi, Allan G Clark, Anna Macchiolo, Maria Ines Abreu Juliao Ochoa De Castro, Xiaoguang Yue, Julia Isabell Djuvsland, Gregor Kramberger, Christina Potter, M. Biglietti, Peter Steinberg, Anatoli Romaniouk, Horst Severini, Stephen Jacob Sekula, Susumu Terada, Vladimir Smakhtin, Andreas Kugel, Lorenzo Feligioni, Geoffrey Gilles, Ruggero Turra, Mohamed Ouchrif, Arturo Rodolfo Sanchez Pineda, Junjie Zhu, Gabriel Alexandru Popeneciu, Marcel Vos, Andrew Washbrook, Ruth Magdalena Jacobs, A. Schoening, Hubert Kroha, Hong Ma, Cheng Guang Zhu, Alessandro Polini, Michael Ziolkowski, William Brooks, Riccardo Di Sipio, Vincent Garonne, Sandro Palestini, Didier Alexandre, P. Teixeira-Dias, Giulio Tiziano Forcolin, Pamela Ferrari, Simona Serena Bocchetta, L. Guan, Zvi Hirsh Citron, Vasiliki A Mitsou, M. P. Geisler, Jonathan Bortfeldt, David Berge, Leonid Gladilin, Luka Kanjir, Christophe Pol A Roland, Deepak Kar, Sarah Williams, David Hohn, Davide Boscherini, Alvaro Lopez Solis, Giulia Di Gregorio, Fabienne Ledroit-Guillon, Vadim Kantserov, J. Jimenez Pena, Fabrizio Miano, Stefania Xella, João Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, N. Smirnov, Jia Jian Teoh, Ahmed Bassalat, Kevin Einsweiler, Teng Jian Khoo, Nora Emilia Pettersson, Rostislav Konoplich, Kehinde Gbenga Tomiwa, Giulia Rovelli, Gerardo Alexis Vasquez Arenas, Janusz Chwastowski, Sandro De Cecco, Peter Onyisi, B. Freund, Alexander Zaitsev, Govindraj Singh Virdee, Hans Krueger, Liaoshan Shi, V. Kitali, Hella Leonie Snoek, Jean-Francois Grivaz, Patrawan Pasuwan, Kunihiro Nagano, Carlos Solans, Ruo-yu Shang, T. Meideck, John Rutherfoord, Ye Chen, Dwayne Patrick Spiteri, Xiaohu Sun, Diane Cinca, Nicola Venturi, Stefan Schlenker, Eli Baverfjord Rye, Helmut Wolters, Carmen Maidantchik, Steffen Henkelmann, David William Thomas, Nikola Makovec, Andreas Redelbach, Farid Ould-Saada, Stefan Richter, David Paul Yallup, Alex Martyniuk, Marie-Hélène Genest, Ivan Pogrebnyak, A. Kaluza, Thorsten Kuhl, B. M. Flierl, Jamal Eddine Derkaoui, Jochen Jens Heinrich, Shu Li, James Howarth, Benjamin John Rosser, Filippo Ceradini, Cigdem Issever, Muhammad Alhroob, Ondrej Hladik, Deb Sankar Bhattacharya, Evelina Vassileva Bouhova-Thacker, Balthasar Maria Schachtner, Francisca Javiela Munoz Sanchez, Gabriella Sciolla, Michal Dubovsky, Naim Bora Atlay, Augusto Santiago Cerqueira, Dave Britton, Kuan-yu Lin, Mateusz Dyndal, Stefan Popa, Evgeny Shulga, Anne-luise Poley, David Delgove, Pierre Savard, Andrea Negri, Dorothee Schaile, Claudia Bertella, Bartosz Mindur, Michela Del Gaudio, Gabriel Demontigny, Ulrich Landgraf, Adriana Milic, Y. H. Chiu, Li Zhi, Sten Hellman, Torsten Harenberg, Ren-Jie Wang, Stephen Kam-wah Chan, A. Bitadze, Q. Wang, Giuseppe Francesco Tartarelli, Carlos Miguel Vergel Infante, Cedric Serfon, Revital Kopeliansky, Ricardo Woelker, M. Lisovyi, Dirk Zerwas, Valentina Vecchio, Aleandro Nisati, Beate Heinemann, R. E. Owen, Nektarios Benekos, Jumpei Maeda, Francesco Peri, Ming Chung Chu, Ralf Gugel, A. Gomes, Haleh Khani Hadavand, Vladimir Nikolaenko, Paolo Mastrandrea, Korbinian Ralf Schmidt-Sommerfeld, Stephan Hageboeck, Daniel Tovey, C. O. Sander, M. R. Clark, Michiel Jan Veen, Luca Colasurdo, Benjamin Taylor Carlson, S. B. Menary, Shreya Saha, Tomas Komarek, Florian Christoph Fischer, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de Clermont (LPC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (CC-IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ATLAS, ANR-16-CE31-0016,PhotonPortal,Eclairer la physique au delà du Modèle Standard au Run 2 du LHC avec les photons(2016), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP/Laboratoire d'Annecy-le-Vieux de Physique des Particules), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), ARAG - AREA FINANZA E PARTECIPATE, DIP. DI FISICA, DIPARTIMENTO DI FISICA E ASTRONOMIA 'AUGUSTO RIGHI', Facolta' di INGEGNERIA, Universidade do Minho, Aaboud, M, Bachas, K, Chiodini, G, Gorini, E, Gravili, F, Longo, L, Mirto, A, Primavera, M, Reale, M, Schioppa, E, Spagnolo, S, Ventura, A, ATLAS Collaboration, And, Współautorami artykułu są członkowie ATLAS Collaboration w liczbie 2944, Aad, G., Abbott, B., Abbott, D. C., Abed Abud, A., Abeling, K., Abhayasinghe, D. K., Abidi, S. H., Abouzeid, O. S., Abraham, N. L., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abulaiti, Y., Acharya, B. S., Achkar, B., Adachi, S., Adam Bourdarios, C., Adam, L., Adamczyk, L., Adamek, L., Adelman, J., Adersberger, M., Adiguzel, A., Adorni, S., Adye, T., Affolder, A. A., Afik, Y., Agapopoulou, C., Agaras, M. N., Aggarwal, A., Agheorghiesei, C., Aguilar-Saavedra, J. A., Ahmadov, F., Ahmed, W. S., Ai, X., Aielli, G., Akatsuka, S., Akesson, T. P. A., Akilli, E., Akimov, A. V., Al Khoury, K., Alberghi, G. L., Albert, J., Alconada Verzini, M. J., Alderweireldt, S., Aleksa, M., Aleksandrov, I. N., Alexa, C., Alexandre, D., Alexopoulos, T., Alfonsi, A., Alfonsi, F., Alhroob, M., Ali, B., Alimonti, G., Alison, J., Alkire, S. P., Allaire, C., Allbrooke, B. M. M., Allen, B. W., Allport, P. P., Aloisio, A., Alonso, A., Alonso, F., Alpigiani, C., Alshehri, A. A., Alvarez Estevez, M., Alvarez Piqueras, D., Alviggi, M. G., Amaral Coutinho, Y., Ambler, A., Ambroz, L., Amelung, C., Amidei, D., Amor Dos Santos, S. P., Amoroso, S., Amrouche, C. S., An, F., Anastopoulos, C., Andari, N., Andeen, T., Anders, C. F., Anders, J. K., Andreazza, A., Andrei, V., Anelli, C. R., Angelidakis, S., Angerami, A., Anisenkov, A. V., Annovi, A., Antel, C., Anthony, M. T., Antonelli, M., Antrim, D. J. A., Anulli, F., Aoki, M., Aparisi Pozo, J. A., Aperio Bella, L., Arabidze, G., Araque, J. P., Araujo Ferraz, V., Araujo Pereira, R., Arcangeletti, C., Arce, A. T. H., Arduh, F. A., Arguin, J-F., Argyropoulos, S., Arling, J. -H., Armbruster, A. 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K., Boveia, A., Boyd, J., Boye, D., Boyko, I. R., Bozson, A. J., Bracinik, J., Brahimi, N., Brandt, G., Brandt, O., Braren, F., Brau, B., Brau, J. E., Breaden Madden, W. D., Brendlinger, K., Brenner, L., Brenner, R., Bressler, S., Brickwedde, B., Briglin, D. L., Britton, D., Britzger, D., Brock, I., Brock, R., Brooijmans, G., Brooks, W. K., Brost, E., Broughton J., H, Bruckman de Renstrom, P. A., Bruncko, D., Bruni, A., Bruni, G., Bruni, L. S., Bruno, S., Brunt, B. H., Bruschi, M., Bruscino, N., Bryant, P., Bryngemark, L., Buanes, T., Buat, Q., Buchholz, P., Buckley, A. G., Budagov, I. A., Bugge, M. K., Bulekov, O., Burch, T. J., Burdin, S., Burgard, C. D., Burger, A. M., Burghgrave, B., Burr, J. T. P., Burton, C. D., Burzynski, J. C., Buschmann, E., Bussey, P. J., Butler, J. M., Buttar, C. M., Butterworth, J. M., Butti, P., Buttinger, W., Buzatu, A., Buzykaev, A. R., Cabras, G., Cabrera Urb'an, S., Caforio, D., Cai, H., Cairo, V. M. M., Cakir, O., Calace, N., Calafiura, P., Calandri, A., Calderini, G., Calfayan, P., Callea, G., Caloba, L. P., Calvente Lopez, S., Calvet, D., Calvet, S., Calvet, T. P., Calvetti, M., Camacho Toro, R., Camarda, S., Camarero Munoz, D., Camarri, P., Cameron, D., Caminal Armadans, R., Camincher, C., Campana, S., Campanelli, M., Camplani, A., Campoverde, A., Canale, V., Canesse, A., Cano Bret, M., Cantero, J., Cao, T., Cao, Y., Capeans Garrido, M. D. M., Capua, M., Cardarelli, R., Cardillo, F., Carducci, G., Carli, I., Carli, T., Carlino, G., Carlson, B. T., Carminati, L., Carney, R. M. D., Caron, S., Carquin, E., Carr'A, S., Carter, J. W. S., Casado, M. P., Casha, A. F., Casper, D. W., Castelijn, R., Castillo, F. L., Castillo Gimenez, V., Castro, N. F., Catinaccio, A., Catmore, J. R., Cattai, A., Caudron, J., Cavaliere, V., Cavallaro, E., Cavalli-Sforza, M., Cavasinni, V., Celebi, E., Ceradini, F., Cerda Alberich, L., Cerny, K., Cerqueira, A. 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G., Zou, R., Zwalinski, L., ATLAS (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), XENON (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), and Fakülteler, Fen - Edebiyat Fakültesi, Fizik Bölümü
Subjects: electron, Photon, Kjerne- og elementærpartikkelfysikk: 431 [VDP], Proton, particle identification: efficiency, 13000 GeV-cms, Electron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Particle identification, photon: particle identification, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Particle identification methods, Performance of high energy physics detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Subatomär fysik, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), 0302 clinical medicine, Subatomic Physics, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], scattering [p p], Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Physics, Settore FIS/01, Large Hadron Collider, Detector, photon, ATLAS, calibration [energy], medicine.anatomical_structure, Nuclear and elementary particle physics: 431 [VDP], CERN LHC Coll, LHC, Particle Physics - Experiment, performance, p p: scattering, Ciências Naturais::Ciências Físicas, 530 Physics, Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais], FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear physics, Particle identification method, 03 medical and health sciences, particle identification: performance, Atlas (anatomy), 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Calibration, ddc:610, High Energy Physics, Science & Technology, electron: particle identification, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, hep-ex, energy: calibration, efficiency, Experimental High Energy Physics, Performance of High Energy Physics Detectors, p p: colliding beams, experimental results
Abstract: This paper describes the reconstruction of electrons and photons with the ATLAS detector, employed for measurements and searches exploiting the complete LHC Run 2 dataset. An improved energy clustering algorithm is introduced, and its implications for the measurement and identification of prompt electrons and photons are discussed in detail. Corrections and calibrations that affect performance, including energy calibration, identification and isolation efficiencies, and the measurement of the charge of reconstructed electron candidates are determined using up to 81 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data collected at √s=13 TeV between 2015 and 2017., We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT, Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWFW and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belarus; CNPq and FAPESP, Brazil; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; CERN; CONICYT, Chile; CAS, MOST and NSFC, China; COLCIENCIAS, Colombia; MSMT CR, MPO CR and VSC CR, Czech Republic; DNRF and DNSRC, Denmark; IN2P3-CNRS, CEA-DRF/IRFU, France; SRNSFG, Georgia; BMBF, HGF, and MPG, Germany; GSRT, Greece; RGC, Hong Kong SAR, China; ISF and Benoziyo Center, Israel; INFN, Italy; MEXT and JSPS, Japan; CNRST, Morocco; NWO, Netherlands; RCN, Norway; MNiSW and NCN, Poland; FCT, Portugal; MNE/IFA, Romania; MES of Russia and NRC KI, Russian Federation; JINR; MESTD, Serbia; MSSR, Slovakia; ARRS and MIZS, Slovenia; DST/NRF, South Africa; MINECO, Spain; SRC and Wallenberg Foundation, Sweden; SERI, SNSF and Cantons of Bern and Geneva, Switzerland; MOST, Taiwan; TAEK, Turkey; STFC, United Kingdom; DOE and NSF, United States of America. In addition, individual groups and members have received support from BCKDF, CANARIE, CRC and Compute Canada, Canada; COST, ERC, ERDF, Horizon 2020, and Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, European Union; Investissements d' Avenir Labex and Idex, ANR, France; DFG and AvH Foundation, Germany; Herakleitos, Thales and Aristeia programmes co-financed by EU-ESF and the Greek NSRF, Greece; BSF-NSF and GIF, Israel; CERCA Programme Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain; The Royal Society and Leverhulme Trust, United Kingdom., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Published: 2019
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