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In geostationary orbits and other quasi-vacuum environments, relativistic electron beams are affected by the initial emittance and space charge effects during the propagation process, resulting in beam quality degradation. Furthermore, axial energy distribution change in the beam and the axial transient electromagnetic effect caused by current changes in the head and tail regions of the beam also cause the beam to expand and affect its quality. In this study, the particle-in-cell method was used to construct a long-range propagation model of a relativistic electron beam in a vacuum environment. By calculating and simulating the axial energy distribution of the beam and the changes in the transient electromagnetic field, the axial effect during the propagation process was analyzed, and the parameter change law of the effective propagation of the beam was explored. This provided a theoretical reference for a more accurate assessment of the beam quality during propagation.

Based on the analysis of random error sources in the design margin evaluation of electromagnetic protection for complex electronic, it is researched on a method of evaluating electromagnetic pulse protection capability, the total error standard deviation evaluation theory is analysed. A new method for evaluating the electromagnetic pulse protection capability of complex electronic systems based on the lower limit estimation of design margin and corresponding reliability and confidence is proposed. So taking the evaluation of electromagnetic protection design interval of a certain type of electronic information system as an example, the application and the qualification conditions of the algorithm are illustrated.