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We propose the Starobinsky-type inflationary model in the matter-coupled $N=1$ four-dimensional supergravity with the massive vector multiplet that has inflaton (scalaron) and goldstino amongst its field components, whose action includes the Dirac-Born-Infeld-type kinetic term and the generalized (new) Fayet-Iliopoulos-type term, without gauging the R-symmetry. The $N=1$ chiral matter ("hidden sector") is described by the modified Polonyi model needed for spontaneous supersymmetry breaking after inflation. We compute the bosonic action and the scalar potential of the model, and show that it can accommodate the positive (observed) cosmological constant (as the dark energy) and the spontaneous supersymmetry breaking at high scale after the Starobinsky inflation., Comment: 31pages, 2figures

Physical characteristics: Original contains color illustrations, Accepted: 2018-05-18, 資料番号: PA1920033000

We propose a simple but effective mechanism to realize an inflationary early universe consistent with the observed WMAP, Planck and/or BICEP2 data, which would be incorporated in various supersymmetric models of elementary particles constructed in the (effective) five-dimensional spacetime. In our scenario, the inflaton field is identified with one of the moduli appearing when the fifth direction is compactified, and a successful cosmological inflation without the so-called eta problem can be achieved by a very simple moduli stabilization potential. We also discuss the related particle cosmology during and (just) after the inflation, such as the (no) cosmological moduli problem., 33 pages, 14 figures, References added

All-optical pump–probe detection of magnetization precession has been performed to investigate Gilbert damping in several types of Ni80Fe20 films. The frequency and decay time of magnetization precession depended on pump fluence. At low pump fluence, Gilbert damping constants, derived from the magnetic field dependence on frequency and decay time of magnetization precession, were identical to values obtained from X-band ferromagnetic resonance within the experimental errors.

Electron energy-loss spectra of (V1-x Cr x )2O3 (x=0.012) at the antiferromagnetic insulating (AFI), paramagnetic metallic (PM) and paramagnetic insulating (PI) phases have been measured using a high-resolution transmission electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) microscope. The changes in the EELS spectra at the transition from the PM phase to the AFI phase are interpreted in a similar manner to the case of V2O3 [Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 37 (1998) 584]. The change in the electronic structure at the transition from the PM phase to the PI phase (Mott transition) was revealed for the first time. A sharp peak observed at 1.0 eV in the PM phase did not appear in the PI phase. The t 2g peak of the O 1s → V 3d(t 2g) EELS spectra shows an energy increase of 0.5 eV at the transition from the PM phase to the PI phase. This increase is interpreted to occur by the splitting of the bonding e g π band, which is partially filled in the PM phase, into the fully occupied lower band and the unoccupied upper band, and by the lifting of the unoccupied band to an energy higher than the Fermi level in the PM phase. The t 2g peak also shows a decrease in intensity but an increase in the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) at the transition. The decrease in intensity occurs due to the decrease of the hybridization of the V 3d with the O 2p orbitals resulting from an increase of the V–O distance. The increase in the FWHM results from the lifting of the a 1g * band due to the decrease of the lattice constant c H and the splitting of the e g π and e g π* bands each into two bands due to electron correlation.

Electron energy-loss spectra of VO2 have been measured from perfect single crystalline areas of 100–180 nm diameter in the metallic and insulating phases. A sharp peak has been observed at 1.2 eV in the valence electron excitation spectra of the metallic phase but not in those of the insulating phase. We assign the peak to an interband transition or d-d transition by inspecting the dielectric function derived from the present loss function with the help of an energy band diagram already given, although an excitation at about 1 eV already observed by optical measurement was assigned to the excitation of a free-carrier plasmon. The peak due to the O 1s → V 3d(t 2g ) transition in the O 1s excitation spectra decreased in intensity but increased in the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) at the transition from the metallic phase to the insulating phase. These changes are considered to have been due to the fact that the d \varparallel band splits into the upper unoccupied and lower occupied d \varparallel bands and the upper d \varparallel band rises above the π* band in the insulating phase, but that the d \varparallel band is unsplit and located within the π* band in the metallic phase.

The Curie point (T C) of BaTiO3 was earlier reported to be 120° C and has been recently believed to be 130° C. Some experiments have been performed here to reconfirm the T C. Firing conditions used for preparing BaTiO3 were examined first with the use of pure BaCO3 or Ba(NO3)2 and TiO2. The x-dependence of T C in (BaO)1- x (TiO2)1+ x solid solution was measured. Data were scattered and suffered from individual variations. According to probability considerations, T C of BaTiO3 was evaluated from the intercept at x=0. On the other hand, composition dependence of T C in some related solid solution systems, (Ba1- y Pb y )TiO3. (Ba1- y Sr y )TiO3 and (BaTiO3)1- y (KF) y , was examined and the T C of BaTiO3 was estimated by extrapolation toward the limit y→0. In conclusion, the Curie point of BaTiO3 is determined as 123.0±0.6° C.

We have fabricated Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of a poly-diisopropyl fumarate (PDiPF) for nematic liquid crystal alignment and have characterized their alignment capability using a nematic liquid crystal of pentyl-cyano biphenyl (5CB). We prove that the PDiPF-LB films can be obtained by simple processes compared with polyimide-LB films. We present deposition conditions of the PDiPF-LB films, and the relationship between optical axes of the PDiPF-LB films and the alignment direction of 5CB on the films.

Ge-L3 spectra in the edge region are devided into two groups according to measurements of absorption for thin films or total electron yield for bulk crystals. The absorption spectrum with a distinctive peak at the just onset of L 3 edge is concluded to be a near one of a true L 3 spectrum in Germanium. This result is discussed in relation with other experiments and the electronic structure of the germanium crystal.