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By changing the thickness of the column, the axial compression behavior of the one-side sheathed wall and the both-sides sheathed wall can be altered at different levels. Simulation and inspection of cold-formed thin-walled steel frame wall had been finished by using a finite element simulation software called ABAQUS, which was applied by test data from relevant literature. The axial carrying capacity of the sheathed wall was superior than the unsheathed wall, therefore, all models had been built and studied based on the one-side sheathed wall and both-sides similar sheathed wall. The analysis results proved that the axial compression behavior of the one-side sheathed wall and the both-sides sheathed wall could be increased substantially by adding the thickness of studs, and this change was more sensitive to the influence of the wall with one-side sheathed wall especially.

Shear wall, as the main anti-sway component in high-rise buildings, plays an important role in resisting horizontal earthquakes. Shear wall has high ductility and high bearing capacity with the participation of steel plate, which can meet the requirements of high-rise building structures on structural members. Shear wall with steel plate is divided into two types according to the construction method, one is Shear wall with single steel plate, and the other is shear wall with two layers of steel plates. n recent years, double steel plate shear walls with stiffeners have attracted much attention due to their good ductility and ease of construction. By summarizing the current research situation of steel plate concrete shear walls, suggestions are made for future research.

Multiple shapes of nano- and micro-structured cystine aggregates, including spheres, rods, spindles, dendrites, and multipods, were easily synthesized just by adjusting the concentrations and pH values of L-Cysteine solutions under ultrasonic irritation. Importantly, highly monodispersed nanospheres of cystine aggregates 225 nm in diameter without any other shapes were easily obtained for the system of 0.1 M L-Cysteine with pH 8. This will provide a very simple and effective approach to produce monodispersed cystine microspheres, which could promote new possibilities for future applications in biosensor, drug delivery, medicine, and the production of nanomaterials.

Silica-coated anisotropic gold nanoparticles (Au@SiO2), including rod- and 'dogbone'-like outlines with different aspect ratios, have been prepared using an improved Stober method. The obtained Au@SiO2 have a pure silica surface for straightforward and rapid self-assembly onto poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PVP) functionalized quartz substrates. The large-scale assemblies exhibit highly reversible optical changes that can be observed spectroscopically or with the naked eye when repeatedly cycled between a dry and wet process. The relationship among the optical properties of two-dimensional assemblies, the aspect ratio and shape of the gold nanoparticles and the environmental refractive index is also investigated.

Fine control of gold nanoparticle shape can be achieved by varying the pH of the reaction medium in the presence of gold nanorods, which acted as seeds. Under various pH (3.6?9.6) values of the reaction medium, different shapes of gold nanostructural architectures, from rectangle-, 'dogbone'-?and peanut-like outlines to branched multipods with corrugated surface, can be fabricated in high yield from gold nanorods with aspect ratio 2.9 and 2.1. These shape changes of gold nanorods directly influence their optical properties.

A novel dynamic model for wavefunction collapse in cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) is proposed associated with the gedanken Stern - Gerlach experiment of the quantized magnetic field. It is used to describe and test the fundamental problems of quantum measurements, such as wavefunction collapse, Schr?dinger entanglement states (cats) and quantum decoherence. This model also manifests rich phenomena in atomic optics, such as the splitting of atomic beams, and the generation of even- and odd-coherent states. It is also shown that this model possesses a factorizable structure which has been found in the other dynamic models for wavefunction collapse.

This paper reports for the first time that the shape of silver nanostructures on quartz slides, from a nanoprism to a nanodisc, can be easily realized within a few minutes simply by adjusting the pH value of the immersion solution. Different colours of the quartz slide covered with Ag nanostructures appeared, from deep blue to yellow, corresponding to the shapes of Ag nanostructures changing from nanoprisms to nanodiscs. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activities of the silver nanoprisms and nanodiscs (obtained through adjusting the pH values) were checked using p-aminothiophenol (p-ATP) as a probe molecule at both near-infrared (1064 nm) and visible light (514.5 nm) excitation. The results obtained further confirmed the enhancement mechanism of SERS based on the coupling between the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of the substrates and the laser excitation wavelength. This work will be of great significance in understanding the SERS enhancement mechanism and in the fabrication of nanoparticle films for biosensing.