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In this paper, the single event transient (SET) effect in nanotube tunneling field-effect transistor with bias-induced electron-hole bilayer (EHBNT-TFET) is investigated by 3-D TCAD simulation for the first time. The effects of linear energy transfer (LET), characteristic radius, strike angle, electrode bias and hit location on SET response are evaluated in detail. The simulation results show that the peak value of transient drain current is up to 0.08 mA for heavy ion irradiation with characteristic radius of 50 nm and LET of 10 MeV·cm2/mg, which is much higher than ON-state current of EHBNT-TFET. The SET response of EHBNT-TFET presents an obvious dependence on LET, strike angle, drain bias and hit location. As LET increases from 2 MeV·cm2/mg to 10 MeV·cm2/mg, the peak drain current increases monotonically from 0.015 mA to 0.08 mA. The strike angle has an greater impact on peak drain current especially for the smaller characteristic radius. The peak drain current and collected charge increases 0.014 mA and 0.06 fC respectively as drain bias ranges from 0.1 V to 0.9 V. Whether from horizontal or vertical direction, the most sensitive hit location is related to w t . The underlying physical mechanism is explored and discussed.

Quantum teleportation is designed to send an unknown quantum state between two parties. In the perspective of remote quantum metrology, one may be interested in teleporting the information that is encoded by physical parameters synthesized by quantum Fisher information (QFI). However, the teleported QFI is often destroyed by the unavoidable interaction between the system and the environment. Here, we propose two schemes to improve the teleportation of QFI in the non-Markovian environment. One is to control the quantum system through the operations of weak measurement (WM) and corresponding quantum measurement reversal (QMR). The other is to modify the quantum system based on the monitoring result of the environment (i.e., environment-assisted measurement, EAM). It is found that, in the non-Markovian environment, these two schemes can improve the teleportation of QFI. By selecting the appropriate strengths of WM and QMR, the environment noise can be completely eliminated and the initial QFI is perfectly teleported. A comprehensive comparison shows that the second scheme not only has a higher probability of success than the first one, but also has a significant improvement of the teleported QFI.

The origin and phenomenology of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) remain unknown. Fast and efficient search technology for FRBs is critical for triggering immediate multi-wavelength follow-up and voltage data dump. This paper proposes a dispersed dynamic spectra search (DDSS) pipeline for FRB searching based on deep learning, which performs the search directly from observational raw data, rather than relying on generated FRB candidates from single-pulse search algorithms that are based on de-dispersion. We train our deep learning network model using simulated FRBs as positive and negative samples extracted from the observational data of the Nanshan 26 m radio telescope (NSRT) at Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory. The observational data of PSR J1935+1616 are fed into the pipeline to verify the validity and performance of the pipeline. Results of the experiment show that our pipeline can efficiently search single-pulse events with a precision above 99.6%, which satisfies the desired precision for selective voltage data dump. In March 2022, we successfully detected the FRBs emanating from the repeating case of FRB 20201124A with the DDSS pipeline in L-band observations using the NSRT. The DDSS pipeline shows excellent sensitivity in identifying weak single pulses, and its high precision greatly reduces the need for manual review.

Coupling error is an important factor that affects the measurement accuracy of the contact scanning probe of a three-dimensional thread-measuring machine. To address this issue, this paper proposes a coupling error model for contact scanning probes. First, the mechanical structure of the contact scanning probe was introduced, and the main source of its coupling error was analyzed. Second, material mechanics was used to conduct a geometry–force analysis on the guiding mechanism of the probe, thereby establishing a coupling error model. Finally, the experiments were carried out to verify the accuracy of the coupling error model. From the experimental verification, the movement of the measuring head by 10 μm increased the deviation of the probe displacement by 2 μm, indicating the probe deflection. Moreover, the calculated probe deflection angle was consistent with the theoretical value, validating the proposed coupling error model. This method provides an important theoretical basis for the decoupling of measuring probe, thereby improving the accuracy of the probe guiding mechanism.

This paper studies the interaction between the formation of a single dark soliton and a pair of fundamental-order dark solitons. Based on the nonlinear Schrodinger’s equation combined with the lossless Drude model, the impacts of the nonlinearity, group velocity dispersion, third-order dispersion, and the self-steepening on the propagation of a dark soliton under the normal dispersion are studied using the distributed Fourier method. By selecting the ratio of group velocity dispersion length and the nonlinear length, the conditions for the stable transmission of dark solitons in metamaterials are obtained. On this basis, this paper also studies the interaction of a pair of fundamental-order dark soliton under the different conditions of the same amplitude with the same phase, the same amplitude with different phases, and different amplitudes with the same phase. In this paper, it is shown that the fundamental-order dark soliton pairs exhibit different characteristics of the interaction under the different conditions.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic significance of ethyl acetate extract of Salsola collina (EES) on diabetic gastroparesis (DGP) and its underlying mechanisms. Methods: The composition of EES was analyzed by HPLC and LC/MS. A DGP model was established by streptozotocin injection and irregularly feeding a high-sugar, high-fat (HSHF) diet. Serum nitric oxide (NO), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) and the gastric superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) concentrations were measured by colorimetry and ELISA. The expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5) in the gastric tissue were examined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results: EES promoted gastric emptying delayed by DGP, which was mainly composed of 10 organic acids. Furthermore, EES increased serum NO, decreased glucose, TC and TG, increased gastric SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px, while decreased MDA, increased nNOS and PGP9.5 expression in the gastric tissue, and showed a concentration dependence. Conclusion: EES promoted gastric emptying in the DGP rats, which might be related to its inhibition of oxidative stress and the associated increase in the gastric neuron population, as well as its hypoglycemic and lipid-lowering activities. These findings suggest that Salsola may have potential benefits in the treatment of DGP.

Heavy metals can bring health risks through the enrichment of crops and food chain, but there are few reports on their impact on the nutritional quality of crops. In this paper, the hydroponic-culturedpea seedlings under lead and cadmium stress were used to evaluate the heavy metal effects on growth, safety and nutrients variation. Lead has little effect on the sprout growth, and it mainly concentrates in the roots and seldom can be transferred to the edible parts. It would not bring health and safety hazards to the edible parts of stems and leaves but decrease the mineral nutrientsin peasprout slightly. Cadmium significantlyaffectboth growth and nutrition value of pea sprout, not only the root is abundant, but also the transfer rate of root and stem, which is about 13%. The nutrient content of Ca and Zn in stem and leaf is decreased significantly under cadmium stress.

In order to study the waste cathode ray tube glass fine aggregate (particle size < 0.15 mm) on barite concreteperformance, the waste cathode ray tube glass fine aggregate is blended into the barite concrete at 0%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% of the mass of the barite sand quality to conduct experimental research on the related properties of barite concrete. The experimental results show that when the amount of waste cathode ray tube glass fine aggregate is 6%∼8%, the prepared barite concrete has the best working performance. The slump expansion reaches 560mm×560mm, and the 28d cube compressive strength is 37.76MPa. The V-box passage time is 17.56s, and barite concrete has the best shielding gamma ray capability.

Novel multi-walled carbon nanotubes coated with poly[N-(ferrocenyl formacyl) pyrrole] (MWCNTs@PFFP) nanocomposites were prepared through the in situ oxidation polymerization reaction of N-(ferrocenyl formacyl) pyrrole in the presence of MWCNTs. The MWCNTs@PFFP nanocomposites were characterized by FT-IR, Raman, TGA, XRD, XPS, SEM and TEM techniques. The MWCNTs@PFFP nanocomposites were fabricated into novel electrochemical sensors for simultaneous determination of ascorbic acid (AA), dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The electrochemical behavior of the MWCNTs@PFFP/GCE sensors was examined, and the parameters that influence electrochemical signals were optimized. The experimental results showed that the fabricated modified electrode sensors exhibited good sensitivity, selectivity, specificity, repeatability and a long lifetime, remaining the initial current of at least 92.5% after 15 days storage in air. The sensors possessed a linear response concentration range over 200-400 μM for AA, 2-16 μM for both DA and UA, and a limit of detection as low as 40.0, 1.1 and 7.3 × 10-1 μM for AA, DA and UA, respectively. They are expected to be used as a potential tool for the simultaneous detection of DA, AA and UA in the human body.

It is important for environmental protection to search for catalysts with excellent performance and cost-effective to reduce SO2 by CO. In this work, using first-principles calculation, we have studied the catalytic performance of Au5 Mn (M = Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au; n = 1, 0, −1) clusters, and showed that, by giving a negative charge to the Au5 M (M = Cu, Ag, Au, Pd) clusters, we could improve the selectivity of SO2 and avoid effectively catalyst CO poisoning simultaneously. At the same time, the catalytic reaction rate for the reduction of SO2 by CO with Au5 M − (M = Cu, Ag, Au, Pd) clusters is greatly improved when the Au5 M clusters are charged. These advantages can be well explained by the charge transfer between the clusters and adsorbed molecules, which means that we can effectively control the performance of the catalyst. The equilibrium structures of Au5 Mn (M = Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au; n = 1, 0, −1) clusters without or with adsorbed SO2 or CO molecule are also discussed, and the most stable geometrical structures of Au5 Mn -ML (ML = SO2, CO, SO, and COS) can be explained very well by the match of orbitals symmetry and density of electron cloud through their frontier molecular orbitals. Considering the catalyst cost (Cu is much cheaper than Ag and Au), selectivity of SO2, and effectively avoiding the catalyst CO poisoning, we propose that Au5Cu− is an ideal catalyst for getting rid of SO2 and CO simultaneously.

A special entangled basis (SEBk) is a set with $dd'$ orthonormal entangled pure states in $\mathbb{C}^d \otimes \mathbb{C}^{d'}$ whose nonzero Schmidt coefficients are all equal to $1/\sqrt{k}$. When $k$ is equal to the minimum of $d$ and $d'$, we get a maximally entangled basis. In this paper, we present how to construct a special entangled basis via some special matrices which are known as weighing matrices. Specially, using a skew Hadamard matrix of order $k+1$, we derive a weighing matrix which is useful for constructing SEBk in $\mathbb{C}^d \otimes \mathbb{C}^{d'}$ whenever $\min\{d,d'\}\geq k$. These results are further progress of those studied by Guo \emph{et al.} in [\textcolor[rgb]{0.00,0.07,1.00}{J. Phys. A: Math. Theor. \textbf{48} 245301(2015)}]. We also disprove two conjectures proposed by them.

Scholars pay more and more attention to the spoken dialogue system after the emergence of deep learning technology. The task-based dialogue system has become one of the most important branches in the field of spoken dialogue systems. Dialogue management is the core of the task-based dialogue system, and its research theory and technology have been gained extensive attention. This paper summarizes the research progress and current situation of task-based dialogue system and dialogue management strategy. Firstly, it summarizes the status of the task-based dialogue system models and compares their advantages and disadvantages. Then it focuses on the analysis of various dialogue management research strategies from the perspective of model theory and research methods. Finally, it looks forward to the future research direction of task-oriented dialogue system combined with dialogue management.

The feasibility of using frequency gradient analysis (FGA), a digital method based on Fourier transform, to discriminate neutrons and γ rays in the environment of an 8-bit sampling system has been investigated. The performances of most pulse shape discrimination methods in a scintillation detection system using the time-domain features of the photomultiplier tube anode signal will be lower or non-effective in this low resolution sampling system. However, the FGA method using the frequency-domain features of the anode signal exhibits a strong insensitivity to noise and can be used to discriminate neutrons and γ rays in the above sampling system. A detailed study of the quality of the FGA method in BC501A liquid scintillators is presented using a 5 G samples/s 8-bit oscilloscope and a 14.1 MeV neutron generator. A comparison of the discrimination results of the time-of-flight and conventional charge comparison (CC) methods proves the applicability of this technique. Moreover, FGA has the potential to be implemented in current embedded electronics systems to provide real-time discrimination in standalone instruments.

This paper investigates the structural and electronic properties of rhenium diboride by first-principles calculation based on density functional theory. The obtained results show that the calculated equilibrium structural parameters of ReB2 are in excellent agreement with experimental values. The calculated bulk modulus is 361 GPa in comparison with that of the experiment. The compressibility of ReB2 is lower than that of well-known OsB2. The anisotropy of the bulk modulus is confirmed by c/a ratio as a function of pressure curve and the bulk modulus along different axes along with the electron density distribution. The high bulk modulus is attributed to the strong covalent bond between Re-d and B-p orbitals and the wider pseudogap near the Fermi level, which could be deduced from both electron charge density distribution and density of states. The band structure and density of states of ReB2 exhibit that this material presents metallic behavior. The good metallicity and ultra-incompressibility of ReB2 might suggest its potential application as pressure-proof conductors.

This paper demonstrates an approach that negative uniaxial crystal has a relative anomalous dispersion effect which can compensate group velocity delay, and applies this approach to nonlinear frequency conversion of an ultrafast laser field. High efficiency of the third harmonic generation is experimentally fulfilled by adopting a collinear configuration of doubing-compensation-tripling system. Through finely adjusting the incident angle and optical axis direction of the compensation plate, it obtains ultraviolet (UV) output energy of 0.32 mJ centered at 270 nm with spectral bandwidth of 2 nm when input beam at 800 nm was 70 fs pulse duration and 6 mJ pulse energy which was extracted from Ti:sapphire laser system by a diaphragm, corresponding to an 800-to-270 nm conversion efficiency of 5.3% and a factor-of-1.6 improvement in the third harmonic generation of UV band in comparison with a general conventional configuration. Furthermore, when the full energy of 18 mJ from a Ti:sapphire laser system was used and optimized, the UV emission could reach 0.83 mJ.

We propose a scheme for realizing controlled 1 → 2 telecloning and 1 → 1 teleflipping for one-qubit pure states via a quantum network including N agents. The quantum operations used in the information-transmission process are just only one Bell-state measurement, and a series of single-qubit operation. It is shown that the fidelities of the controlled telecloning and teleflipping are independent of the initial states and reach their optimal values of 5/6 and 2/3 respectively on the condition that all the agents collaborate. If any one agent does not cooperate, the fidelities become state-dependent and are always smaller than the corresponding optimal values. The average fidelities are equal to the balanced value 1/2, which implies that on average the state incepted by any one of the receivers is a fully mixed state. Thus no information leaks out to any dishonest receivers. The security of telecloning and teleflipping have been increased greatly.