1. Application of transfer entropy to causality detection and synchronization experiments in tokamaks
- Author
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Alexander Lukin, Pasqualino Gaudio, Stefan Matejcik, Soare Sorin, Francesco Romanelli, FABIO PISANO, Emilio Blanco, Bohdan Bieg, Luca Garzotti, Emmanuele Peluso, Michela Gelfusa, Vladislav Plyusnin, José Vicente, Alberto Loarte, Michele Lungaroni, Andrea Murari, Rajnikant Makwana, CHIARA MARCHETTO, Marco Wischmeier, Choong-Seock Chang, Aneta Gójska, and Manuel Garcia-munoz
- Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics ,Tokamak ,Series (mathematics) ,Computer science ,synchronization experiments ,transfer entropy ,food and beverages ,disruption precursors ,Condensed Matter Physics ,ELM pacing ,01 natural sciences ,010305 fluids & plasmas ,Task (project management) ,law.invention ,Causality (physics) ,causality detection ,Theoretical physics ,Nonlinear system ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Synchronization (computer science) ,Transfer entropy ,Statistical physics ,010306 general physics - Abstract
Determination of causal-effect relationships can be a difficult task even in the analysis of time series. This is particularly true in the case of complex, nonlinear systems affected by significant levels of noise. Causality can be modelled as a flow of information between systems, allowing to better predict the behaviour of a phenomenon on the basis of the knowledge of the one causing it. Therefore, information theoretic tools, such as the transfer entropy, have been used in various disciplines to quantify the causal relationship between events. In this paper, Transfer Entropy is applied to determining the information relationship between various phenomena in Tokamaks. The proposed approach provides unique insight about information causality in difficult situations, such as the link between sawteeth and ELMs and ELM pacing experiments. The application to the determination of disruption causes, and therefore to the classification of disruption types, looks also very promising. The obtained results indicate that the proposed method can provide a quantitative and statistically sound criterion to address the causal-effect relationships in various difficult and ambiguous situations if the data is of sufficient quality.
- Published
- 2015
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