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This study aims to compare the different types of literacy found in Turkish textbooks used in middle schools. The study used a document analysis, which is a qualitative research method. Four Turkish textbooks from grades 5-8, used in the academic year 2023-2024, were analyzed using the content analysis technique with MAXQDA 20.4.1 software. The study found that all middle school Turkish textbooks included four types of literacy (information, visual, graphic, and digital). However, these literacies were not evenly distributed among the grade levels. The study also found that the textbooks did not relate the different types of literacy or language skills to each other. Additionally, the activities to develop these literacies were limited to specific competencies. The study suggests that textbook authors emphasize digital literacy skills in Turkish textbooks at all grade levels by including different competencies. The concept of multiple literacies should also be emphasized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of school administrators about the educational problems faced by immigrant children at primary and secondary level in Ankara. Qualitative research method and phenomenology design was used in the study. Maximum diversity and criterion sampling were used for purposeful sampling which is one of the random sampling methods. In order to collect the research data, 35 school administrators working in schools connected to the central districts of Ankara were interviewed in the 2018-2019 Fall Semester. Content analysis was used to analyze the views of the participants about the problems of immigrant students. In the analysis of the interview texts, the appropriate themes, categories and codes were put forward in tables with the conceptual framework. Language-communication problems of immigrant students, family structures are different and complex, dependence on street life, incompatibility between immigrant students, cultural differences unwanted, psychological situations, financial impossibilities, crowded population, child labor, unrelated and uneducated family, nutrition, shelter, health and cleanliness problems, sending students to school to get help, difficult in adapting to the Turkish education system, lack of belonging, and not being able to survive war trauma are among the main problems identified. It is recommended to include immigrant students in the adaptation program, to provide rehabilitation support to families and children whose psychology is impaired due to trauma, to prevent child labor and to meet basic needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the research is to determine the self-efficacy perceptions of secondary school students towards Turkish lesson and to evaluate self-efficacy perceptions in terms of gender and grade level variables. This research has aimed to reveal an existing situation was conducted according to the survey model. The sample of the study has consisted of 249 students studying (in 5-8 grades) at a secondary school in Giresun city center. The data are collected with the Turkish Self-Efficacy Perception Scale developed by Durukan and Maden (2012). In the analysis of the obtained data, the arithmetic means in the analysis of the self-efficacy averages; t test is used for gender variable and one-way analysis of variance is used to test the grade level variable. At the end of the research, it has been found that middle school students' perceptions of Turkish self-efficacy (generally and always) are not at a good level and corresponded to an indecisive and therefore uncertain range. In addition, Although the female students' self-efficacy is higher than the boys, the difference between them is not at a level that can make a difference and the grade level and is an effective variable on self-efficacy perception. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to adapt a scale for intercultural understanding of primary and middle school teachers (ICU) to Turkish and Turkish culture and to examine ICU. The study was designed as multimethod quantitative research and conducted in two-sequential stages. Firstly; Denson, Ovenden, Wright, Pradies, and Priest's (2017) ICU scale used in Australia was adapted into Turkish and Turkish culture. The data were collected from teachers and analyzed for validity and reliability. Secondly, the data from 391 primary and middle school teachers in Kilis were collected and analyzed. According to the findings, teachers had higher level of intercultural understanding and the teachers having abroad experience or international friends had more positive intercultural understanding. It is recommended that the study should be conducted on different samples and to be integrated with the results of this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the affective variables influencing education-instructional process is anxiety. In teaching of writing skill, anxiety is an important variable to be taken into consideration. The anxiety that hinders the development of individual writing skills stems from the convergence of various variables. In order for writing education to be effective and productive, anxiety must be taken into account. The purpose of the current study is to develop a reliable and valid writing anxiety scale for secondary school students. The study was conducted on 500 students attending secondary schools in the city of Istanbul. A total of 96 students randomly selected from these schools were asked to write a composition explaining their opinions about writing; thus, qualitative data were collected. On the basis of the students' composition, a draft scale consisted of 46 items were developed. The piloting of the draft scale was performed on 48 secondary school students. On the basis of expert opinions and student feedbacks, the scale was reduced to 38 items. The scale obtained in this way was administered to 500 secondary school students. As a result of the analyses conducted, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) value of the scale was found to be .838; its Bartlett's Sphericity Test value was found to be (Χ²=1767,902; sd=171 p<.,000). Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient used to calculate the internal consistency of the scale was found to be .790. As a result of the factor analysis, a total of 16 items subsumed under three factors and explaining 41.036% of the scale were obtained. In light of the findings of the study, it can be argued that the scale is valid and reliable. The scale can be used to measure secondary school students' writing anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turkish lesson is the most basic one in which linguistic skills are thought. Reading skill is the quickest and the most economical way for individual to access information. More importantly, this skill will be effective in considerable amount of success acquired by individual during life time. Therefore, it is important to investigate the perception towards this skill and Turkish lesson. The present study focused on the relationship between attitudes of 8th grade students towards reading habits and their self-efficacy perception on Turkish lesson. The data were collected by using "Attitude Scale Towards Reading Habit" developed by Gömleksiz and revised by Balcı and "Turkish Lesson of Self-efficacy PerceptionScale" developed by Durukan and Maden. The sample of study consisted of 97 students attending 8th grade at various secondary schools in Kars province. According to the obtained data, self-efficacy perception of the students on Turkish lesson and their reading habits were determined to be moderate. In addition, there were positive and negative correlations between self-efficacy perception of the students on Turkish lesson and their reading habits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]