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Introduction Metabolic Syndrome is a set of interrelated risk factors for the emergence and progression of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, such as central obesity (abdominal), elevated blood pressure and disorders of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Peri- and postmenopausal women are particularly at risk of developing MS, by aging and the loss of protective effect of estrogen on the body, additionally by intellectual work associated with a sedentary lifestyle and job stress. The aim of our study was to analyze the frequency of MS and its criteria in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women doing intellectual work, as well as selected factors on which metabolic syndrome depend. Material and methods The study group consist of 300 women aged 44–66 working intellectually. Research methods used: metabolic syndrome’s criteria, Greene Climacteric Scale, body fat accumulation, medical interview. Statistical methods used: logistic regression analysis, analysis of variance, χ2 test of stochastic independence. Results The MS was diagnosed in about ¼ of the women in perimenopausal and postmenopausal period working intelectually, in most of them abdominal obesity ( ¾ ), in more than a half hypertension, in every sixth hypertriglyceridemia, in every seventh hyperglycemia and in every tenth low HDL-C. Prevalence of MS and its criteria was correlated with BMI, body fat accumulation and parity. Prevalence of arterial hypertension was associated with the severity of menopausal symptoms and lack of physical activity. Conclusions Prevalence of MS and some of its criteria depended on BMI, body fat accumulation, parity, severity of menopausal symptoms and lack of physical activity, whereas did not depend on: age between 44-66, educational level, marital status or HRT taking.

Introduction The objective of the study was an evaluation of the relationship between the level of cognitive functions and contents of micro- and macro-components in the diet of postmenopausal women. A group of 402 women was recruited to the study. The inclusion criteria were: minimum two years after the last menstruation, FSH concentration 30 U/ml and no dementia signs on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A computerized battery of the Central Nervous System Vital Signs (CNS VS) test was used to diagnose cognitive functions. The dietary questionnaire was evaluated based on observation of a seven-day diet. The data obtained were introduced into the database and analyzed using computer software DIETICIAN. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical software STATISTICA. Results The results of the study concerning diet unequivocally indicate a very poor quality of diet in the group of postmenopausal women examined. The daily diet had a too high energetic value. The women consumed an excessive amount of total fat, including definitely too much monounsaturated fatty acids, and insufficient polyunsaturated fatty acids. The dietary intake of sodium and phosphorus was too high, whereas deficiencies were observed in the consumption of iron, copper, potassium, calcium, magnesium and zinc. No significant correlations were found in the analysis of cognitive functions according to the energetic value of daily diet and contents of macro- and micro-components. The results concerning verbal memory significantly depended on the daily intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Women who consumed polyunsaturated fatty acids below the daily normal or normal level obtained significantly higher results in verbal memory.