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Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder that often occurs in women of reproductive age. The main therapy currently used to treat PCOS patients is insulin sensitizer. In PCOS, there is an imbalance in the intestinal flora which causes activation of the immune system and an inflammatory response that leads to insulin resistance. The effect of probiotic supplementation on insulin resistance can have an impact on changes in reproductive hormone levels in PCOS women. Objective: Analyze the effect of probiotic supplementation on levels of FSH, LH, and folliculogenesis in a study of PCOS Wistar rats. Methods: Experimental research with a post-test only controlled group design. The research sample was 35 Wistar rats which were divided into 5 groups, (K-) were healthy rats, (K+) were PCOS rats without treatment, (P1) were PCOS rats received Metformin, (P2) were PCOS rats received Probiotics, and (P3) were PCOS rats that received Metformin + Probiotics. The intervention was carried out for 14 days. The dependent variables were levels of FSH, LH and folliculogenesis. Research data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA test, Fisher Exact test. Differences between groups and controls were tested with Dunnett's post hoc test. Significant p

Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan masalah gizi yang sering ditemukan di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia. Stunting dapat disebabkan oleh banyak faktor. Perbedaan tempat tinggal di perkotaan dan perdesaan salah satu faktor penyebab stunting. Tujuan: Menganalisis faktor risiko stunting di daerah perkotaan dan perdesaan pada anak usia 6-23 bulan di Indonesia.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional dengan menganalisis data survei nasional di 34 provinsi di Indonesia tahun 2018 (Riskesdas 2018). Jumlah subjek dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 15.833 anak usia 6-23 bulan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis deskriptif, uji chi-square, dan regresi logistik ganda.Hasil: Prevalensi stunting pada usia 6-23 bulan lebih rendah di perkotaan (26,9%) dibandingkan di perdesaan (30,8%). Perbedaan signifikan yang ditemukan pada faktor risiko kejadian stunting antara daerah perkotaan dan perdesaan. Faktor risiko kejadian stunting yang signifikan di perkotaan adalah berat badan lahir rendah (OR=2,017, 95%Cl: 1,655-2,457). Sedangkan, faktor risiko kejadian stunting yang signifikan di perdesaan adalah adalah kelahiran prematur (OR=1,121, 95%Cl: 1,015–1,238) dan riwayat berat badan lahir rendah (OR=2,188, 95%Cl: 1,845–2,595). Setelah dikontrol dengan variable perancu (jenis kelamin dan usia), berat badan lahir rendah (OR=2,017, 95%Cl: 1,655-2,457) tetap menjadi faktor risiko kejadian stunting yang signifikan di perkotaan. Sedangkan, kelahiran prematur (OR=1,121, 95%Cl: 1,015–1,238) dan riwayat berat badan lahir rendah (OR=2,188, 95%Cl: 1,845–2,595) juga tetap menjadi faktor risiko kejadian stunting yang signifikan di perdesaanSimpulan: Berat badan lahir rendah menjadi faktor risiko stunting di daerah perkotaan dan perdesaan. Sedangkan, kelahiran premature menjadi faktor risiko stunting hanya di perdesaan.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is frequently correlated with elevated malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Several studies have demonstrated that vitamin D3 can reverse intracellular oxidative stress. However, vitamin D is prone to deterioration and instability. Liprotides contain lipids and proteins that can prevent vitamin D from oxidating.Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of liprotide-encapsulated vitamin D3 on MDA concentrations and SOD activity in calcium and vitamin D-deficient rat models.Methods: The experimental post-test-only control group study used 24 Wistar rats randomly in 4 groups. Groups K(-), K(+), and P were fed a vitamin D and calcium-depleted AIN-93M diet for 14 days. Standard feed AIN-93M was received by normal groups (KN). Groups K- were deficient rats in vitamin D and calcium without intervention. The groups of K+ and P were given vitamin D3 (180 IU) which was non-encapsulated and liprotide-encapsulated for 28 days.The SOD activity was quantified with Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Activity Assay Kit, while MDA levels were determined using Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance (TBARS) method. The statistical analysis used One-way ANOVA test with Least Significant Difference follow-up test.Results: The MDA levels and SOD activity in the K+ and P groups had significant differences (p

Efforts to move the Capital of Indonesia to Kalimantan are intended to solve the problem of overpopulation in Jakarta, so it’s possible there are massive infrastructure development in the future. In this study conducted Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) and made an earthquake hazard map that serves to analyze earthquake-resistant buildings for the New Capital of Indonesia. The PSHA and earthquake map was developed for 2% probability exceeded in 50 years or 2500-return period. The results of the analysis on three important periods, comprised of PGA, Ss, and S1 with a return period of 2500 years have higher acceleration at bedrock if performed by GMPE 2017 rather than GMPE 2010 for the period between PGA and 0.1s. Maximum earthquake acceleration on bedrock resulting from the creation of earthquake hazard maps in New Capital of Indonesia for period of PGA, 0.2s, and 1.0s at bedrock for return period of 2500 years is 0.2-0.25g, 0.4-0.5g, and 0-0.15g, respectively. The earthquake threat index in the New Capital of Indonesia is categorized as low according to Indonesia's National Board for Disaster Management (BNPB) regulations (PGA

Background: It has been shown that gut microbiota dysbiosis may induce intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation, leading to metabolic dysregulation. Furthermore, it has been implicated in the etiology of obesity. Dietary intake is known to affect the gut microbiota. These RCTs suggested that different dietary interventions may exhibit different effects on the composition of gut microbiota in overweight or obese individuals.Objectives: This systematic review aimed to determine the effect of dietary intervention on the gut microbiota profiles in overweight or obese adults. The primary outcome of this systematic review is alpha-beta diversity and its changes at the species level.Materials and Methods: This systematic review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was registered in the PROSPERO database with registration number CRD42022298891. A systematic search was conducted through the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and Scopus literature using the terms: “gut microbiota”,“microbiome”,“overweight”,“obesity”, “insulin sensitivity”,“insulin resistance”,“blood glucose”,“randomized controlled trial”. After screening abstracts and full texts, 18 articles were extracted by two authors.Results: Among the 18 RCT studies, dietary intervention gave an impact on gut microbiota alpha diversity changes in four studies. However, 7 studies showed no significant changes or differences compared to the placebo group. Beta diversity analysis was reported in 7 among 11 studies that performed alpha diversity analysis. Significant changes were found in food nutrients group (fiber supplementation) studies conducted over 8-12 weeks period. Seven more studies did not report any analysis of variance in either alpha or beta diversity. Changes in the composition of gut microbiota could be observed in dietary pattern interventions and resulting in improved metabolic status, except in the fried meat group diet. Interventions with food groups, food nutrients, and probiotics did not change the composition of gut microbiota.Conclusion: The effects of dietary interventions on alpha-beta diversity are inconsistent, but rather showed more consistent effects on the changes in microbiota composition, especially in dietary pattern interventions.

Background: Patients with liver cirrhosis had liver cell damage and malnutrition risk. Hepatogomax enteral formula consists of soybean flour and goat’s milk flour which could reduce serum albumin, AST, and ALT levels because it contains BCAA amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) and MCT.Objective: To examine the effect of Hepatogomax enteral formula based on Soybean flour and goat’s milk flour on serum albumin, AST, and ALT levels in Sprague Dawley rats liver cirrhosis.Methods: The true experimental study – pre-post control group used 24 adult Sprague Dawley rats in 4 groups. Groups K(+), P1, and P2 were induced by Thioacetamide 400 mg/kgBW. The groups of P1 and P2 were given the Hepatogomax enteral formula made from soybean flour and goat’s milk flour at a dose of 4.87 g/200gBW and 14.6 g/200gBW for 28 days. Serum albumin levels were determined using the Bromocresol Green (BCG) method while serum AST and ALT were determined using spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis had used Paired T-Test and Kruskal Wallis test with Mann Whitney follow-up test.Results: Serum albumin, AST, and ALT levels in the P1 and P2 groups had significant differences (p

Objective: We investigated the role of hematologic parameter such as hemoglobin, white blood cells, platelet, hemoglobin platelet ratio (HPR), hemoglobin white blood cells ratio (HWR) in full-term pregnant patients and correlate the result with their urine culture following delivery. Methods: Between 2019-2020, a total number of 95 pregnant patients were retrospectively evaluated at the maternal ward.Results: The average age of the subjects was 29.15 (SD ± 5.95), median of parity of 2 (range 1- 4) and mean of gestational age was 37.5 (SD ± 1.67). There is no difference between groups on the surgery types and comorbidities condition. Among the patients, 14 urine cultures produced growth of 105 CFU/ml bacteria. Pearson’s correlation test showed that leukocyte inversely correlated with bacteriuria, meanwhile hemoglobin white blood cell ratio (HWR) is positively correlated with urinary culture result. In the diagnostic performance, HWR had AUC of 0.765 with sensitivity and specificity of 78.6% and 64.2% respectively at the cut off of 11.92.Conclusions: Prediction of asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant patient by simple calculation of HWR might be helpful in significantly reducing workload and costs of urine culture. It is a great advantage that the parameters we use in our work are easily accessible and can be performed in emergency conditions.

Background: Anemia is a globally public health problem, including in Indonesia (22.2%) and it has negative health impacts. Adolescent girls have high risk of anemia. Previous studies reported that adolescent girls at islamic boarding school had low food intake and poor knowledge about nutrition in preventing anemia. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of anemia and to analyze association between knowledge, nutritional status, and dietary habits and anemia in adolescent girls. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2020 among adolescent girls at islamic boarding school in Semarang. A total of 162 respondents were selected by cluster sampling. Anemia was determined by measuring the hemoglobin level in the blood by Cyanmethemoglobin method. Knowledge and dietary habits were collected through questionnaires. Nutritional status was assessed by measuring weight and height, then classified by body mass index for age using WHO Anthro. Bivariate and multivariate logistic analysis were used to test hypothesis and it was significant if p

Background: Adolescent obesity is related to the risk of metabolic syndrome. Several studies have proven the effect of dietary interventions on metabolic parameters in obese individuals. A source of complex carbohydrates that is still rarely developed in the obese diet is sorghum which contains resistant starch.Objective: The study was to reveal the effect of sorghum cookies on Fasting Glucose (FG), Triglycerides (TG), High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL), and Body Fat Percentage (BFP) in obese adolescents.Materials and Methods: This quasi-experiment with the pre-post control-group design was conducted on 20 boys and 20 girls (divided into 10-boy control group, 10-girl control group, 10-girl intervention group, and 10-girls intervention group) with the age range of 13–15 years who attended Junior High School 14 Semarang chosen by consecutive sampling. Weight, Height, and BFP were measured directly by BIA. Metabolic parameters (FG, TG, and HDL levels) were taken through venous and 10-hour fasting. Energy intake and physical activity were taken by interview using the food recall questionnaire for 6 days randomly and IPAQ. The intervention of sorghum cookies was given in 90 grams/day with 473 kcal/day for 28 days. The analysis of the effect of the intervention was conducted by a paired t-test and independent t-test.Results: At 28-days sorghum cookies intervention resulted in lower levels of FG, TG, and BFP in the intervention boy group (p < 0.05) and BFP in the girl group (p < 0.05). The intervention of sorghum cookies showed no effect on HDL levels in boys, and it did not affect FG, TG, or HDL levels of the girl subjects (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Obese adolescents who had been receiving intervention of 90 grams of sorghum cookies for 28 days appeared to have lower levels of fasting glucose, triglycerides, and body fat percentage.

Background: Obesity is one of global epidemic health problems and its prevalence is higher among women. Obesity can cause low grade chronic inflammation mechanism in adipose tissue, which is characterized by the increase of proinflammatory cytokines and adipokines. Neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a simple inflammatory marker which can be reliable in evaluating the inflammatory status occurring in obese women. Waist to height ratio (WHtR) and waist to hip ratio (WHR) are anthropometric measurements, have been reported to be associated with obesity and risk of metabolic syndrome.Objective: This study aimed to determine the correlation of WHtR and WHR with NLR in population of obese women.Materials and Methods: This was a cross sectional study enrolling 80 obese women with Body mass index (BMI) > 27 aged 30 - 50 years in National Diponegoro Hospital Semarang, Indonesia. WHtR was determined by dividing waist circumference by height and WHR was determined by dividing waist circumference by hip circumference. NLR was examined manually from automatic hematology analyzer by dividing absolute neutrophil count (ANC) and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC). Spearman correlation test was performed, p

Overweight/ obesity is associated with cardiovascular diseases, which both contribute to the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Nutritional interventions focusing on dietary fibre and prebiotics interventions have been implemented. Fibre has been suggested to modulate gut-derived metabolites short-chain fatty acid (SCFA). We conducted a systematic review on fibre (including prebiotics) interventions to depict its effect on SCFA from faecal and blood using standard methodologies. PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus databases were systematically searched to yield peer-reviewed articles published until 31 December 2021. We included 17 articles describing fibre (including prebiotics) intervention in adult individuals with overweight/obesity. These interventions were broadly described into 3 groups: (i) fibre type food items (n = 8); (ii) fibre supplementations (i.e. prebiotics) (n = 8); (iii) prebiotic supplementation combined with CRD (n = 1). Fibre type food items intervention mostly affected the changes of acetate in faecal, whilst propionate mostly changed in the blood. Interestingly, intervention with fibre supplementation affects more the increase of faecal and blood acetate. Furthermore, fibre intervention might have an impact on the gut microbiota. Nevertheless, more well-controlled human studies are needed, with a more personalized approach.

Background: Online motorcycle drivers work more than 10 hours a day, surpassing the international working hour regulations. Working hours are directly proportional to air pollution exposure generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). On the other hand, physical exercise also contributes to the generation of ROS due to greater oxygen utilization by mitochondria. The ratio of GSH to GSSG represents the oxidative stress level in body tissues.Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between the length of air pollution exposure and the level of physical exhaustion to GSH:GSSG ratio of online motorcycle drivers.Methods: This research was a cross-sectional study of 16 male online motorcycle drivers. The GSH:GSSG ratio was assessed by ELISA with cyclic DTNB reaction principle. Length of air pollution exposure and level of physical exhaustion data were obtained from the interview. Statistical analysis was done to determine the correlation between variables.Results: The mean GSH:GSSG ratio in studied population is 0.69 ± 0.26, lower than 1 value of GSH:GSSG ratio represents high oxidative stress condition. Based on the correlation test, there are no correlation between length of air pollution exposure (r = -0.464, p = 0.070) and level of physical exhaustion (r = -0.439, p = 0.089) to GSH:GSSG ratio in online motorcycle drivers.Conclusion: Our findings suggested that online motorcycle drivers have a high level of oxidative stress, length of air pollution exposure, and status of physical exhaustion, which is not associated with the GSH:GSSG ratio.

The Tambakbayan Watershed has experienced changes in its land utilization. Based on land-use data from 2006 and 2017, built-up land was found to have encroached on vegetated areas and showed a substantial increase in area. Such conversion can alter and modify runoff coefficients, as a measure of watershed response. This research aimed to evaluate land-use change in the watershed from 2006 through 2017 and its effects on runoff coefficients. It used descriptive quantitative methods combining literature study and data calculation. The secondary data were obtained from digital land-use maps (RBI) in 2006 and 2017, SRTM images, soil types, and the drainage network of the watershed. Runoff coefficient analysis confirmed that the land-use change between 2006 and 2017 caused by regional development increased the runoff coefficients of the watershed observed.ABSTRAKDaerah Aliran Sungai Tambakbayan telah terjadi perubahan, berdasarkan data penggunaan lahan tahun 2006 dan tahun 2017. Perubahan yang terjadi berupa meningkatnya lahan terbangun dan berkurangnya lahan bervegetasi. Perubahan penggunaan lahan yang terjadi dapat mengakibatkan perubahan respon DAS yang dikuantifikasikan dalam bentuk koefisien aliran. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi perubahan penggunaan lahan daerah penelitian dari tahun 2006 dan 2017, kaitannya dengan koefisien aliran. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif berdasarkan studi pustaka dan perhitungan. Data sekunder yang digunakan adalah Peta Rupa Bumi Digital Indonesia Tahun 2006 dan 2017, Citra SRTM DAS Tambakbayan, Jenis Tanah DAS Tambakbayan, dan Jaringan Drainase DAS Tambakbayan. Perubahan penggunaan lahan akibat perkembangan wilayah, mengakibatkan peningkatan koefisien aliran pada tahun 2017 apabila dibandingkan dengan koefisien aliran pada tahun 2006.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan variasi konsentrasi CMC terhadap sifat kimia, yaitu kadar air dan tingkat hedonik dari beras analog “Gatotkaca”. Materi yang digunakan adalah gatot (singkong fermentasi) 80%, kacang merah 20% dan CMC. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 kali ulangan. Perlakuan konsentrasi CMC yang ditambahkan yaitu T1 (0%); T2 (1%); T3 (2%) dan T4 (3%). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah (ANOVA) dengan menggunakan taraf signifikansi 5% untuk kadar air, sedangkan parameter tingkat kesukaan menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penambahan konsentrasi CMC yang berbeda memberikan pengaruh nyata (P0,05) terhadap aroma dan warna beras analog. Perlakuan dengan penambahan konsentrasi CMC sebesar 1% dikatakan sebagai perlakuan terbaik dilihat dari hasil yang telah dilakukan.

Background: Growth faltering is a condition of growth disturbance that marked by slower growth velocity compared with previous growth chart. Growth faltering can cause effects in immune response, cognitive, & physical and psychomotor disturbance, behavioral disorder, learning problems, higher risk of infection and mortality.Objectives: To analyze risk factor of growth faltering in infant aged 2-12 months.Materials and Methods: A case control study was conducted in Public Health Center in Semarang city. Subject were infants aged 2 until 12 months with growth faltering. Variables were divided to exclusive breastfeeding, mother’s education, mother’s employment, social economic status, infection, mother’s nutrition and gestational age. Anthropometric and questionnaire data were obtained and analyzed among 116 infants. Statistic test used Chi square and multivariate analysis.Results: Chi-square analysis showed that breastfeeding (p=0.016) and gender (p=0.04) had a significant relationship with growth faltering in infant 2-12 months. Under standard parent’s income (p=0.809), Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARTI) (p=0.377), diarrhea (p=0.243), mother’s nutrition (p=1.00), gestational age (p=0.77), low mother’s education (p=0.83) and working mother (p=0.26) didn’t have a significant relationship with growth faltering in infant aged 2-12 months. Multivariate analysis showed that gender (p=0.035) and breastfeeding (p=0.019) were the most influencing variable to growth faltering. In 2-6 group, breastfeeding pattern had significant relationship with growth faltering (p=0.77)Conclusions: Breastfeeding and gender were risk factors of growth faltering in infant aged 2-12 months. Further research needed on how to prevent growth faltering in first 1000 days of life so it may avoid stunting in later life.

Background: Thyroid malignancy is one of the most common malignancies in women of reproductive age. One of the normal physiological change in pregnancy is an increase in total maternal thyroid levels. According to 2015 DATIN information, the prevalence of hypothyroidism in women of reproductive age was 2.2%. Method of delivery in patients with thyroid disorders are mostly by cesarean section due to complications of the mother and/or fetus. Fetal outcome usually associated with low birth weight and poor APGAR Score.Objective : Reporting a case of pregnancy with hypothyroidism secondary to thyroid carcinoma treatmentCase: A 37-year-old woman Gravida 3 Parity 2 Abortion 0 with 18 weeks pregnancy after thyroid ablation treatment with a history of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma – Follicular Variant, following a complete thyroidectomy in August 2016. The patient was given 6-dose ablation therapy, the last therapy was performed in April 2019. On clinical examination, the patient have no sign and symptoms suggesting hypothyroidism. On laboratory examination, the thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level was increased. Levothyroxine dosage was adjusted until the patient in euthyroid status in the early 3rd trimester of pregnancy until the delivery period. The fetal examination suggests that the Bio-Physical Profile was normal according to gestational age. The patient underwent vaginal delivery following 38 weeks of gestation with good maternal outcomes and low birth weight neonatal outcomes, no thyroid nodules, and slightly increased thyroid function.Conclusion : Management of counselling about preconception, contraception, and initial screening of patients with a history of thyroid carcinoma are the initial steps to help a better outcome in pregnancies with thyroid disorders.

Background: Cases of fetal hydrothorax (FHT) are rare, with an occurrence probability of 1 in every 10,000-15,000 pregnancies. The condition may remain undiagnosed, and the fetus may be aborted, or death may occur soon after birth in outlying hospitals before transfer to a tertiary care center. The incidence rate of FHT is higher in males than females (2:1). One of the most effective methods of diagnosing fetal hydrothorax is sonography. Three forms of currently available treatments are: thoracentesis, thoracoamniotic shunting (TAS), and thoracomaternal cutaneous drainage. Fetal outcomes could be improved by performing the Extrauterine Intrapartum Treatment (EXIT) procedure.Case Presentation: We present two cases of first pregnancy primary FHT. In the first case, a 24-year-old woman was diagnosed with asymptomatic FHT in the 28th week of gestation without any prior history. In the second case, a 22-year-old woman with poor medical history was diagnosed in the 35th week of pregnancy and was experienced difficulty of breathing. Both pregnancies were delivered by cesarean section based on obstetric indications. Thoracentesis was performed on both neonates, and pathological examination of the pleural fluid was conducted. However, they died shortly after birth.Conclusion: The EXIT procedure is still a challenging method. A fetus with FHT is at significant risk of pulmonary hypoplasia and respiratory distress following delivery. Early diagnosis and intervention of FHT are vital to ensure a good prognosis. Approaching multidisciplinary groups, providing supportive diagnostic facilities and financial support is essential in improving fetal outcomes and preventing FHT in subsequent pregnancies.

Background: Infertility is an inability of a spouse to get pregnant within twelve months seeking pregnancy without using any contraception. The duration of infertility affects the chance to get pregnant. Objective: To identify the factors causing infertility patient came late to Polyclinic Merpati RSUP Dr. Kariadi Methods: This study was an observational descriptive with a cross-sectional design. The data were obtained from medical records and questionnaires. Twenty-six respondents were infertility patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and came to Polyclinic Merpati RSUP Dr. Kariadi in September 2020. Results: The number of infertility patients in September 2020 was 76 patients, 72,4% of them came to Polyclinic Merpati late. Most people came after being referred from the previous doctors. Three factors causing infertility patients came late were economic factors, a social factor, and another difficulty. Conclusion: Factors causing the late coming of infertility patients were economic factors, a social factor, and another difficulty

Background: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease most often found in children and has the highest prevalence in developing countries. House dust mites are the second most common trigger of asthma whose habitat is influenced by the criteria for a healthy.Objective: Understanding the correlation between sleep density and asthma status in pediatric patients and criteria for a healthy house.Methods: This study was an analytical observational method with a cross sectional study design that took place from June to October 2020. It involved 25 respondents of children with asthma patients aged 3-11 years. There is a confounding variable, namely the criterion score for a healthy house. Dust samples were collected in the bedroom of the respondent diagnosed with bronchial asthma. The identification process using the floating method was carried out at the Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang Indonesia. Respondent data were analyzed using statistical software programs. Non-parametric test with lambda correlation test.Results: The mean of house dust mite’s density in the respondent's house was 3.68 ± 2.32. House dust mite’s density was associated with the criteria for a healthy house (p 0.05).Conclusion: There is no correlation between pediatric asthma status and house dust mite density.

Background: Ectopic Pregnancy (EP) is a pregnancy outside the womb that ends with a rupture. Bleeding is one of the causes of the increase in Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) by 24.5% in Central Java Province in 2017. Research to determine the factors associated with the occurrence of EP needs to be known so that the incidence of EP and MMR in Indonesia can be controlled.Purpose: This study aimed to see the incidence of EP and analyzing the relationship between age and parity with the incidence of EP in RSUD R.A Kartini Jepara.Methods: This study used an analytic observational method with a case-control research design. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling method. A total of 83 samples met the inclusion criteria, which were divided into 51 pregnant women with EP and 32 pregnant women without EP. Data were analyzed using descriptive test and Chi-square test. The factors assessed were age and parity. Other variables contained in medical records are included in the form of descriptive data.Results: The incidence of EP in RSUD R.A Kartini Jepara was 0.4% in 2017, 0.5% in 2018, and 0.3% in 2019. In EP patients, it was found that 54.9% of patients had an education level of junior high school, 58.8% of patients had a salpingectomy procedure, 92.1% of patients whose EP location was in the tube and 60.7% of patients needed inpatient services for >4 days. The results of the bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test showed a significant relationship between parity (p = 0.029) and the incidence of EP (p 0.05).Conclusion: The incidence of EP in RSUD R.A Kartini Jepara in was 0.4% in 2017, 0.5% in 2018, and 0.3% in 2019. There is a relationship between parity and the incidence of EP. Meanwhile, age is not related to the incidence of EP in RSUD R.A Kartini Jepara. Keywords: Ectopic Pregnancy, Age, Parity

Background Each year 2.1 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer, being the most common type of cancer found and cancer-related cause of death in women worldwide. In Indonesia, especially in Middle Java, more than 80% women diagnosed were already in the late stage. Physiological changes in pregnancy contributes to the delay in diagnosis in pregnant women and pregnancy also resulted in a more complicated approach of therapy. Regarding only few studies were done involving pregnancy with breast cancer, the aim of the study is to provide further knowledge associated with it. Methods Medical records of pregnant women with breast cancer in year 2014-2018 at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital were studied. Results Based on the 3 cases be studied, patients were referred from class B and C hospitals outside of Semarang city showing stage III (33.33%) and IV (66.67%) breast cancers. Two-third of the patients underwent mastectomy previously and one of them also underwent chemotherapy program prior her pregnancy. Comorbidities varied between patients and therapies were adjusted individually and multidisciplinary. Two of the cases went through transperitoneal caesarean section for delivery and one patient with twin pregnancy died by complications and intrauterine foetal death was also determined. Conclusion Overall, all patients were > 35 years old and the breast cancers were diagnosed at late stage. Complications by comorbidities such as anaemia, severe malnutrition, and infection, were found. Two pregnancies which were already in third trimester was terminated and a case of maternal mortality was found. Keywords Breast cancer, pregnancy

Background: Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) is a rupture of amniotic sac before delivery. PROM is associated with an increased incidence of preterm labor and infection. The use of prophylactic antibiotic may reduce the risks of infection. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is an acute-phase reactant protein that is associated with PROM. How much effect of prophylactic antibiotic to hs-CRP level remains unclear.Objective: To compare the reduction in hs-CRP levels in premature rupture of membranes before and after given ampicillin or cefazolin.Methods: The design of this study was true experimental design (pre and post-test) conducted at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Medical Center Semarang and Kartini General Hospital Jepara from September 2019 to January 2020. Study samples are pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes that came to the Emergency Department and Maternity Ward Dr. Kariadi General Hospital Medical Center Semarang and Kartini General Hospital Jepara. Samples were divided into two groups, a group treated with ampicillin and the other with cefazolin therapy. All samples were subjected to a hs-CRP examination. Statistical analysis was performed by Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon.Results: There are no significant differences in the age variable (28.8 ± 6.54 vs 29.1 ± 5.93), gestational age (36.3 ± 2.55 vs 36.3 ± 2.90), and parity (2,2 ± 0.99 vs 2.47 ± 1.19) in the ampicillin and cefazolin groups (p> 0.05). In this study, 37.1% patients have a history of PROM while 62.9%. had no history of PROM. Reduction in hs-CRP levels after administration of ampicillin and cefazolin was significant (4.4 ± 2.65 mg/L vs 6.3 ± 4.43 mg/L, respectively, p = 0.03). The difference in the decrease in hs-CRP levels before and after given ampicillin and cefazolin was significant (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: There is a decrease in hs-CRP levels after the administration of ampicillin or cefazolin in PROM, whereas cefazolin induced higher reduction in hs-CRP levels. Ampicillin can still be used as a first-line prophylactic antibiotic in primary healthcare facilities.

Background: COVID-19 affecting the outcome of pregnancy is still under investigation. Here we report a case of primigravida with monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancy with superimposed preeclampsia who develop symptoms of COVID-19 infection on her near term pregnancy and was confirmed later on as COVID-19 positive after cesarean section. The pregnancy was terminated abdominally due to the intrauterine fetal demise of both twins using COVID-19 standard equipment.Case Presentation: A 29-year-old female, gravida 1, para 0 presented with a twin pregnancy at the gestational age of 36 weeks was referred to our emergency department for further management of intrauterine fetal death of both twins. Six days before admitted to our emergency department, she has been experienced a remittent fever which followed by a mild cough. Four days before admission, she complained of decrease movement of the babies. She went to the Secondary Hospital to check her pregnancy and both fetal heart rates were not found. The patient is obese (BMI 49.2 kg/m2) and had prior uncontrolled hypertension but no other medical history, including epilepsy, allergies, asthma, heart disease as well as Diabetes Mellitus.Conclusion: A research about placental pathology in pregnancy with confirmed case of COVID-19 infection showed no pathognomonic feature in the histopathologic examination but mostly, there were maternal vascular malperfusion (decidual arteriopathy in particular) and intervillous thrombi. In the end, a further examination is suggested to evaluate the course and causal factors pertaining to this case.

Background: Research conducted at the Central General Hospital (RSUP) Dr. Kariadi Semarang in 2013 stated that out of 1,719 deliveries, 82 (5%) were preterm labor cases. Although there are many predictors for predicting imminent preterm labour, the complete prediction and prevention have not been established. Prevention of preterm labor through screening is the key to antenatal care. Good early prediction on a premature labor will provide adequate antenatal surveillance and special interventions.Objective: to analyze the relationship between cervical length, bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections, and premature rupture of membranes with the incidence of preterm labor.Methods: It is an observational analytic study in the form of the design of cross sectional with subject of pregnant women who experienced imminent preterm labour at gestational age 28-34 weeks and were treated at the ward of Obstetrics Gynecology Hospital Dr. Kariadi Semarang and network hospital during the study period (n=112). Subjects were assessed for the clinical risk (BV, premature rupture of the membrane, urinary tract infection) and sonography (cervical length). Statistical analysis was performed with paired t-test for normally distributed data and Mann Whitney if otherwise. Analysis of the relationship between variables and the incidence of preterm labor was carried out by the X 2 testResults: From 112 subjects, it was found that the Prevalence Ratio (PR) for cervical length, bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections and premature rupture of membranes to the incidence of imminent preterm labor was 2.2;2.32;1.99 and 2.36 respectively. From the multivariate analysis, it was found that bacterial vaginosis and premature rupture of membranes were the most influencing factors for the incidence of imminent premature labor with Odd Ratios of 6.497 and 21.362, respectively.Conclusion: There is a relationship between cervical length (≤25 mm ), bacterial vaginosis, urinary tract infections and premature rupture of membranes in the incidence of preterm labor.

The study aimed to evaluate effect of the used rice fermented using Chrysonillia crassa as a functional feed on biochemical and haematological parameters , microbial populations, internal organ weight and performance of broilers. The study used o ne hundred and fifty unsexed one-day-old chicks with average body weight of 48.30 ± 4.13g. At day 1 to 7, the chicks were given commercial feed. On day 8 onward , the chickens were randomized distributed to one of three experimental diets of 50 chicks each. The chicks were given formulated diet containing fermented used rice based-functional feed (FF). Drinking water was provided ad libitum . The study used completely randomized design with three experimental diets : T0 (diet without FF), T1 (diet contai ned 5% FF), and T2 (diet contained 10% FF). The chicken fed the used rice fermented increased in cholesterol , high density lipoprotein status, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, lactic acid bacteria, heart weight. and decreased in mean corpuscular volume , E.coli , jejunum weight , but no affect on body weight gain, feed convertion ratio and feed comsumption. In conclusion that the fermented used rice improved the physiological conditions ,intestinal bacterial population and had no detrimental effect on performance of broiler .

Latar Belakang : Susu kedelai-jahe dapat mengandung antioksidan yang bermanfaat untuk mengendalikan kadar glukosa darah puasa. Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis aktivitas antioksian dari susu kedelai-jahe dan untuk menganalisis pengaruh susu kedelai-jahe terhadap kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP) wanita non-menopause prediabetes di kota Semarang, Indonesia. Metode : Penelitian ini diawali dengan pengembangan produk susu kedelai jahe sebagai intervensi. Aktivitas antioksidan dari susu kedelai jahe dianalisis menggunakan metode DPPH. Desain penelitian ini adalah randomized control trial (RCT) yang melibatkan 22 wanita non-menopause prediabetes (usia 42 ± 7, kadar GDP > 100 mg/dl) . Subjek dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok yaitu kelompok yang diberi minuman susu kedelai (T1), susu kedelai-jahe (T2) dan kontrol (C) selama 14 hari. Hasil : Tidak terdapat perbedaan rerata kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP) sebelum dan sesudah intervensi pada kelompok kontrol, kelompok T1 dan T2 (p=0.589). Setelah intervensi, kadar GDP berbeda signifikan antar kelompok kontrol, T1 dan T2 (p=0.026). Analisis selanjutnya menunjukkan, kadar GDP kelompok T2 (bukan T1) berbeda signifikan terhadap kontrol (p=0.047) setelah dikendalikan factor kadar GDP sebelum intervensi, usia, dan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT). Simpulan : Penambahan jahe pada minuman susu kedelai memiliki potensi dalam mengendalikan kadar GDP wanita non-menopouse yang prediabetes.

Background: Contraceptive injection is the most common contraception used in Indonesia. Among the contraceptive injections, depomedroxy progesterone acetate (DMPA) is the most effective method with pregnancy rate of 0,3 pregnancy in 100 women annually. Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a common side effect occurred in DMPA users which leads to the discontinuation of contraception.Objective: To explore the effect of tranexamic acid on bleeding length for DMPA users with AUB who receive low dose Oral Contraceptive Pills (OCP).Methods: We performed double blind randomized control trial between two groups to investigate the effect of tranexamic in managing AUB in DMPA users who receive low dose OCP. This study was performed in Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang, Indonesia. Forty-four subjects were divided into two groups, equally. Group 1 received 250 mg tranexamic acid four times a day for 5 days and OCP once a day for 28 days, while Group 2 received placebo four times a day for 5 days and OCP once a day for 28 days. Both groups were evaluated for bleeding length during treatment and were analyzed using Mann Whitney for post treatment with tranexamic acid.Results: The mean bleeding length was 5.2±3.62 days and 9.2±6.16 days in group 1 and 2 respectively. These bleeding lengths were significantly different between both groups (p=0.018). The precentage of subjects in whom bleeding was stopped during the first week after initial treatment was significantly higher in group 1 than group 2 (77,3 % vs 45,5 %, p