1. Facile Strategy for Surface Functionalization of Corn Cob to Biocarbon and Its Catalytic Performance on Banana Peel Starch Hydrolysis
- Author
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Desi Nurandini, Iryanti Fatyasari Nata, Chairul Irawan, and Meilana Dharma Putra
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,General Computer Science ,Starch ,Carbonization ,General Engineering ,Substrate (chemistry) ,Banana peel ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Reducing sugar ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Hydrolysis ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Methanol ,0210 nano-technology ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
The sulphonated biocarbon (C-SO 3 H) has been prepared from carbonization of corn cob and followed by one-step hydrothermal treatment. This research focus on characterization of C-SO 3 H and evaluate the capability of C-SO 3 H for hydrolyzed banana peel starch, and also investigate the optimum concentrations of substrate and the reaction time for hydrolysis. The C-SO 3 H was produced from corn cob (±60 mm mesh); it was carbonized at 400 °C for 1 hour. The resulting carbon was sulphonated by hydroxy ethyl sulphonic acid at 180 °C for 4 hours, and then washed with 50% methanol and water, and then resulting biocarbon was dried at 80 °C for 6 hour in oven. Based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observation, structure morphology of corn cob was changed due to carbonization process. The C-SO 3 H after sulphonation has random pores with diameter around 3 µm–10 µm. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) showed increased of crystalline index of corn cob about 133% after carbonization. Analysis of EDX result for S component on C-SO 3 H is 3.79% w/w and capacity of H + is 1.447 mmol/g. The apparent peaks of -SO 3 H functional groups (1207 cm -1 and 1720 cm -1 ) on C-SO 3 H were indicated the by Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). Optimum hydrolysis concentration of banana peel starch is 7% w/v for 60 min at 100 o C which Total Reducing Sugar (TRS) concentration about 0.688 mg/mL. Reusability of C-SO 3 H for 4 repeated used which showed a good performance that only 6% of decreasing activity of C-SO 3 H. The utilization of corn cob can be enhanced of corn cob and also it can be utilized as heterogeneous catalyst.
- Published
- 2017
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