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Objectives: The administration of empirical anticholinergic treatment is widespread in women with urinary incontinence and has produced varied results. The objective of our paper is to determine the effectiveness of anticholinergics for the treatment of female urinary incontinence and to determine by urodynamics the possible causes that may explain the resistance to anticholinergics to obtain urodynamic predictors of success or failure., Methods: We evaluated 182 women over 14 years of age with urinary incontinence that had previously been treated with anticholinergics for at least three months. The patients underwent a complete medical history including clinical history, physical examination, and urodynamic and lower urinary tract video-radiologic studies. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 for Windows., Results: Clinical therapeutic efficacy was demonstrated in 39.6% of cases. Cystometric bladder capacity was decreased in 89.2%of patients that did not improve clinically with anticholinergics (p=0.01). Detrusor overactivity was urodynamically demonstrated in 51% of cases (p=0.05) among patients without clinical improvement with anticholinergic treatment. This hyperactivity was demonstrated during early bladder filling (<100ml). Urodynamic stress urinary incontinence (SUI) was demonstrated in 26.5% of patients without clinical improvement after treatment (p=0.04). Lower urinary tract obstruction was urodynamically demonstrated in 20.6% of patients with no clinical improvement (p=0.05). Urodynamic data did not demonstrate a relationship between detrusor overactivity, a high-grade cystocele ( 37.4% of total), and irregular bladder morphology (11.5% of total)., Conclusions: It is important to conduct urodynamic study before starting anticholinergic treatment of females with urinary incontinence to identify therapeutic data of poor prognosis, such as SUI and lower urinary tract obstruction, thus optimizing the therapeutic efficacy of anticholinergics.

Background: A clinical evaluation of the use of a 980 nm diode laser in the treatment of bladder outlet obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), focused on perioperatory morbidity and results in a short-term follow-up., Methods: Fifteen patients were included in the study. All of them were evaluated by IPSS and Quality of Life (QoL) questionnaires, digital rectal examination, PSA, ultrasound scan and uroflowmetry. Prostate vaporization was performed with a laser of diode at 980 nm (Intermedic, Barcelona, Spain) using a 600 microns side-fire fiber. In the follow-up any event was recorded, as well as the IPSS and QoL scores and Qmax., Results: Mean age of the patients was 66.7 years(45-75). The range of prostate volume was 20-76 cc (median 41.3 cc). Mean delivered energy was 161,012 kJ (78,3-243). No patient showed either a significant hematic loss or fluid absorption syndrome. A 22F urethral three-way catheter was inserted and removed between 12-40 hours in the postoperatory period. After a mean follow-up of 5,5 months (2-9) the average IPSS and QOL questionnaires scores changed, respectively, from 22,4 (19-26) and from 3 (2-4) to an average of 6,8 (1-13) (p0,01) and 1,4(0- 3), respectively, at the end of follow-up (p 0,01). Qmax increased from 6,4 ml/s (5-11,9) baseline to 19,7 ml/s (13,9-24 (p 0,01). No patient showed urinary incontinence. Retreatment was not needed though three patients needed a short-time catheterization (24 hours) after developing acute urinary retention in the first 48h hours., Conclusions: Our preliminary results suggest that prostate vaporization using 980 nm diode laser with output power up to 120 W, is effective and associated to minimal morbidity.

Objective: Few cases of verrucous carcinoma of the penis with foci of invasive squamous cell carcinoma have been reported and denominated "hybrid tumors". The accuracy of this term is discussed in this paper., Methods/results: A huge penile mass in a patient that had undergone three previous operations for lesions diagnosed as verrucous carcinoma is reported. Partial penectomy was performed. Histological examination showed a very well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. PCR (polymerase chain reaction) did not detect any type of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the tumor., Conclusions: Verrucous carcinoma is a strictly-defined lesion with a different biological behaviour from that of squamous carcinoma. Preoperative deep biopsy may miss the squamous cell carcinoma. Definitive diagnosis can only be achieved by histological examination of the surgical specimen. In future, DNA studies could possibly support preoperative diagnosis of this lesion.