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Objectives: Arterial hypertension due to renovascular dysfunction is uncommon in children. The most common cause is stenosis of the renal artery and, rarely, aneurysm of secondary arteries. The present case underscores the therapeutic difficulties. Treatment must be based on the clinical symptoms, location, size, number and etiology of these vascular malformations., Method/results: We describe a 4-year-old patient with secondary arterial hypertension arising from several aneurysms in the primary and secondary arterial branches of the right kidney that had been diagnosed by arteriography. After medical treatment had failed, the patient underwent a right nephrectomy since local or conservative procedures could not be done., Conclusions: It is widely advocated in the literature that patients with medically refractory arterial hypertension warrant surgical treatment. The type of surgery will depend on the location and the characteristics of the lesion.

Objectives: Bladder foreign bodies can arise from many factors and are iatrogenic in a high percentage. A case of intravesical foreign body from accumulated fragments of synthetic gum utilized to protect the ureterostomy is described. These problems can be avoided by correct management of the osteotomy and must therefore be emphasized to those responsible for the patient's care., Methods/results: A case of a 7-year-old patient with chronic nephropathy and a bilateral high-loop ureterostomy is described. The migration and subsequent condensation of small fragments of the material protecting the ureterostomy led to the formation of a foreign body which took the shape of the bladder. Treatment was by vesicostomy., Conclusion: The possible complications arising from the passage of objects from outside into the urinary tract should always be taken into account in patients with an external urinary diversion.