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This article undertakes an in-depth analysis of Borges’s use, or rather misuse, of Aristotelian rhetoric and style in ‘Pierre Menard, autor del Quijote’. The narrator of ‘Pierre Menard’ creates a s...

This paper examines the main contours of change in contemporary English football since the inception of the Premier League in 1992 through a wide range of empirical material. It explores these chan...

Joseph Beuys's final large-scale installation Blitzschlag mit Lichtschein auf Hirsch (bronze, aluminium, 1958–85) is one of the most viewed works of German art. The four galleries which have it on ...

Between the Standard Catalogue Company selling AD and Andreas Papadakis’s Academy Editions buying it in 1977, the magazine was owned for a year by an off-the-shelf company called Acroshaw, set up b...

The original Two Cultures debate has been told and retold as a struggle for the moral high ground; the entitlement to define ‘culture’ and especially the route to understanding humanity. Later skirmishes and attempts to define a ‘Third culture’ snatched elements of these and the battleground shifted, with the strangely playground-sounding claims that science had ‘won’. However I will argue that more interesting features of the debate were the underlying assumptions about epistemology; how can we, and should we, proceed in understanding our world and experience, and how sixty years of intellectual and cultural developments in many fields illuminate profoundly new and apparently incompatible discourses. This wide-ranging argument will necessarily be superficial but my purpose is to draw attention to what I regard as central concerns of twenty-first century lay and expert epistemologies and why they matter.

Looking back over a career that has lasted 40 years (so far) the author reflects on developments in his own thinking and the influences involved. Not least amongst these are: the British public records tradition which predominated at UCL when he studied there; the American historical manuscripts tradition which was in the process of aligning with strands of postmodernism when he held visiting fellowships in the USA; the reconfiguration of Records Management in sub-Saharan Africa in response to public sector reform in which he was involved as an advisor; and the experience of teaching postgraduate students in Britain and overseas. The author’s publications have appeared in a wide range of journals and as monographs, some of them published overseas. Here he draws together the common strands that connect them. Finally he argues that hermeneutic techniques and the concept of fiduciarity deserve to be given serious consideration in debates about archive and records theory.

This article examines the character and purported aims of post-psychiatry, a new endeavor aimed at linking psychiatry with elements of post-modernity. While not strictly a “movement” in psychiatry, post-psychiatry represents a growing impatience, in some quarters, to conventional approaches to psychiatric practice. It has the potential to challenge established assumptions about what is necessary for the management and care of psychiatric patients and to articulate concerns about the use of coercion in psychiatric practice. In particular, post-psychiatry is responsive to current threats to the perceived hegemony of psychiatry, notably in the increasing acceptance of non-medical approaches to psychological distress and in the internal professional conflicts concerning the diagnosis, treatments for and the social purpose of psychiatry. The article outlines various reflections on the reform of psychiatry and considers some features of the impact of post-modern theory on psychiatry.

A lot has been written in the last years about post—modernity or postmodernism, but few have paid attention to the few scholars or thinkers of Continental Europe that have expressed profound doubts...

The purpose of intellectual activity is, I believe, to enable us understand the human condition and ways in which it can flourish. It may of course be enjoyable and fulfilling both individually and...

What can we learn from the past? This paper examines the nature of the past and discusses the extent to which historical outcomes are robust over different starting conditions, using primarily the example of the origin of the Great War. It reviews the mathematical and psychological literature on complexity theory, and considers the idea that history can indeed in some circumstances be robust across initial conditions. I introduce the notion of a dynamic historical attractor to account for the way in which the past unfolds over time, and relate dynamic attractors to post-modern approaches to historical interpretation.

This 70th birthday tribute to Keith Jenkins is articulated about two intertwined strands of thought, two leitmotifs, which in their combination might, I hope, be seen to succinctly capture, in a broad yet a necessarily brief sweep of the brush, a picture of Keith as observed from what I have called in the paper's title ‘a very particular perspective’. That is to say that from my own perspective as a student I have set out to both explain something of the development of Keith's philosophical/theoretical position over some, let us say, 30 years while, at the same time, keeping in view his central concern which has always been to directly address students and to make the often difficult arguments circulating in the field of historical theory readily available and accessible to them.

The history of Post-Modern Architecture was to a large extent tied to the name of Charles Jencks, who played an operative role in promoting the movement, much like his predecessor Sigfried Giedion had done for Modern Architecture in the 1930s. Like Giedion, Jencks was a prolific writer and a protagonist of a radical change in the direction of architecture. In the thirty-five year period from the appearance of his first book in 1971, Jencks published more than twenty four works, not counting the ones he edited or co-edited. And like Giedion, Jencks also attempted to reach a synthesis of opposites, by including disparate examples within his original ‘canon’, extending it in its last revision to include works by Eisenman and Tschumi, as Giedion had done by the inclusion of Aalto and Utzon in his later editions of Space, Time and Architecture. This paper will discuss Jencks's historiography of Post-Modernism by looking at the seminal texts that he wrote from 1970 until 2007, beginning with Architecture 2000 a...

This article reports exploratory research about tendencies toward postmaterialism in university students. This paper used the theoretical framework proposed by Inglehart regarding three categories of leisure: postmaterialist, materialist and common. Students from a Spanish university (N = 1036) completed questionnaires that evaluated their materialist-postmaterialist values, how often they practiced the activities included in each category of leisure and the motivational factors involved in them. The results revealed that university students showed a tendency toward postmaterialism. Further, relationships were found between materialist-postmaterialist values and categories of leisure. This study results suggested that the tendency toward postmaterialist values may be a factor in structuring the leisure patterns of young Spanish university students.

While much data on arms and armor in the context of historic costume is available, analysis of weapons with regard to fashion has not been previously attempted. This article makes preliminary contributions to this effort by applying the principles of fashion theory to the analysis of social violence as manifested in the accessorization, display, and contextualized use of weapons. Three topics are addressed: how fashion principles are used to delimit actual violence by indexing relative status and power relationships between individuals; how these principles can be both generalized across cultures and correlated to levels of social complexity; and how the fashion of arms and armor has endured and even flourished in modern times despite the eradication of weapons from contemporary civilian fashion. The conclusions offered are intended to stimulate discussion and further research into the role of fashion as a primary medium for the discursive construction of social forces.

This article examines James Joyce's Ulysses (1922) as an unacknowledged intertext of Don DeLillo's 1997 epic Underworld. After identifying a series of overlaps in the writing modes and philosophical outlook of both writers, the article proposes that DeLillo uses the methods and adopts the motives of Joyce in the consolidation of his own epic of the United States. The scope of the article is threefold. First, it examines the role and the nature of myth as considered by the authors. It unravels a thread of association linking DeLillo, through Joyce, to the Italian philosopher Giambattista Vico, who assigned myth a concrete historical substance. Second, the article examines both authors' conceptions of national identity and their reconfiguration of the epic hero. Finally, it examines the role of language in the national epic and the shared linguistic experimentation of Joyce and DeLillo, in their alternation between the oral and the written. The emphasis of the article falls upon uncovering links bet...

The importance of food as a cultural marker of difference has until fairly recently been neglected in multicultural discourse. This is probably because food – the acquisition, preparation and serving of it as well as oral and written expressions about food – has traditionally been the domain of women, who have often been relegated to the back of the bus (or literally sent to the kitchen) when it comes to multicultural/political issues. Yet very often activities connected to food are the sole source of power and expression for ethnic American women, serving as a means of self-affirmation, as well as a repository of familial memory. For Italian American women especially, who traditionally spend so much time in the kitchen, food has been a means of controlling a world in which they have very little power, a creative outlet, and a source of the sacred. Like Alice Walker's foremothers, who expressed themselves in quilts and gardens, Italian American women have recreated in their very sites of confinement sites...

In this article, the author uses case studies of muai Thai (Thai boxing),2 based on ethnographic fieldwork carried out in the provincial town of Nakhon Ratchasima and its vicinity between early 200...

Serving as replicas of the social structures of communities, cemeteries can be analyzed for the cultural patterns they reflect as an historical record. Currently, American culture, referred to as a...

This literature review examines the most prominent studies assessing the consequences of divorce. Research from the modernist tradition is critiqued for its deficit view of single-parent families created by divorce, androcentric bias, and methodological flaws. The development of alternative research perspectives is proposed by postmodern researchers who suggest that multiple contexts may exist as viable and legitimate environments in which to raise children. Examining the effects of divorce from a postmodern perspective shifts the focus away from looking exclusively at the negative consequences of divorce. In contrast, the strengths, competencies, and unique experiences of individuals and families affected by divorce are explored.

Cet article presente les communications de la 23eme Conference internationale pour l'histoire de l'education (ISCHE) qui a eu lieu a Birmingham les 12-15 Juillet 2001. Les themes principaux traites ici sont : l'ecart par rapport a la norme en education, comment utilise-t-on l'education pour former l'identite et comment l'experimentation de l'egalite dans la perspective educative est devenue la terreur pour l'establishment educatif, les medias et le public

This article uses a case study of a TV programme, Atlantis Uncovered, an archaeological programme debunking popular ideas of Atlantis and the ancient past, as an instance of a discursive paradox, or discursive pathology, in which defenders of traditional canons of scholarship (science and rationality) decide they must go feral, fighting fire with fire, using the illogical and irrational methods of thought they attribute to what they perceive as the enemies of reason in order to defeat them. The devices used in the archaeological programme are compared with the devices used in a more famous and influential ‘hoax’, Sokal's so-called ‘spoof’ of postmodernism published in the journal Social Text, used to discredit ‘postmodernism’ and cultural studies. The two episodes, with all their differences, suggest that whether these tactics are successful or not, they contradict the core beliefs in rationality and science of their protagonists, illustrating instead the ‘postmodern’ decline in intellectual values that t...

Most historians of science, sociologists of science, philosophers of science and science educators now accept that there is no such thing as 'the scientific method'. We explore the implications of this view of the nature of science for biology education in particular. Accepting that there is no single way of investigating and describing the world scientifically presents both challenges and opportunities, especially when teaching biology. We illustrate these opportunities by suggesting fresh approaches to the teaching of drawing in biology, the teaching of classification and the teaching of human biology.

This commentary aims to introduce the utility of social theory for tourism research. It summarizes the theoretical perspectives of post-modernism, structuralism and post-structuralism and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of applying these theories in tourism studies. The article concludes that when researchers guided by social theory stay engaged with empirical studies, they can expand the focus of tourism research. Furthermore, these theoretical approaches should not supplant traditional research methodologies, but should be employed to better understand the spaces and places of tourism.

In her 1990 essay, ‘Banality in Cultural Studies,’ Meaghan Morris raises very serious concerns about the relatively unexamined role that banality plays in cultural studies' work. Taking up her challenge, this essay endeavors to unlock some of the ways that banality might be, as Morris suggests, ‘empowering’ and ‘enabling’ for cultural studies and, thus, not merely banality as something that is left behind after it has been exorcised or redeemed in the movements of cultural analysis itself. Beginning with a few of Morris' own critical coordinates (such as Michel de Certeau and Maurice Blanchot), this essay, then, looks to how banality enters into the triadic philosophical conceptualizations of Henri Lefebvre on ‘everyday life’ – particularly through his concept of ‘everydayness’. Most of all, this essay investigates the ways that this often-undertheorized concept from Lefebvre might be brought to ‘life’ (in the widest sense imaginable) in the writings of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari on ‘the virtual.’ ...

Over the last 20 years concepts about lesbian sexuality have relied heavily on gender socialization theory, which overgeneralizes and essentializes lesbian women's experiences. The latest concept, lesbian bed death, is additionally problematic because of its lack of definitional clarity and empirical validity. This article provides a critical review of the sex therapy and research literature that has contributed to the formation of the lesbian bed death concept. It discusses the limits of gender socialization theory in explaining lesbian sexuality and suggests a postmodern view of sex and gender as an alternative. A multicontextual model for conducting sex therapy is presented along with 2 case examples that illustrate the complexities of sexual issues in lesbian couples.

(1999). Economics and the Law: From posner to post-modernism. Journal of Economic Issues: Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 1045-1049.

Recently criticism and theory have maintained that Kant's aesthetic theory is central to modernism, and have used Foucault's archaeology to interrogate that modernism. This paper suggests that archaeology ultimately cannot escape Kant's hold because it depends on Kantian theses. The first section will consider how a recent exponent of an 'archaeological' viewpoint characterizes Kant's theory and will set out the critical role Kant ascribes to art. The second section compares Kant and Foucault to argue that despite appearances their projects turn out to be substantially coterminal. My interest in comparing these critics is not only to be provocative but also to show that post-modernist thinking, at least in the guise of Foucault, needs and uses standards that Kant proposes.

Based on an overview of the research done during the last 15 years on family and community in Venezuela, this article discusses the contributions and limitations of the different approaches under which the family has been studied. Since family research covers a wide spectrum of models, this article is organised in three sections. The first discusses an overview of anthropological and demographic findings, in order to illustrate the historical situation of Venezuela and compare these findings with those from Central American research. In the second section, the sociological and psychological approaches used to describe the cultural characteristics of the family, are discussed. Here, systems-oriented models and action-research methodologies applied in some intervention studies on family dynamics are introduced. The third section, focusing on the Educational Approach, is an example of the most recent trends in family and community intervention. It is intended to illustrate programs aimed at accelera...

Post-modernism has had a major influence on academic thought. It has served well in exposing the hidden assumptions which many people have unknowingly allowed to influence their behaviour, but it has provided little support to those who are seeking to discover how they might attempt to ‘progress’. Post-modernism may encourage pessimism and lack of hope; these attributes are debilitating to academics and students. In a post-modern environment any quest for quality learning experiences may come to appear pointless. Responses to the post-modern condition need to be identified. In the area of educational research, we argue that ‘narrative’ provides a suitable response

(1998). Two Cheers for Essentialism and Totality: On Marx's Oscillation and Its Limits (As Well As on the Taboos of Post-Modernism) Rethinking Marxism: Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 66-82.

The work of Sigmund Freud and Heinz Kohut in relation to the concept of the Oedipus complex is presented. A summary is given of post-modern assumptions about the nature and role of knowledge, and, on the basis of these assumptions, two questions are raised in relation to Freud's and Kohut's Oedipal theories. Provisional responses are made to these questions, which focus on the hermeneutical value and ethical-political implications of the concept of the Oedipus complex.

Cet article propose une reflexion sur l'ecriture de l'ethnologie, notamment sur la place de l'ethnographe lors de la recherche sur le terrain, sur les relations avec les informateurs, enfin sur la construction d'une ethnologie ou les informateurs participent a son elaboration. A partir d'une critique de l'experience ethnographique de Roger Keesing, qui a ecrit des histoires de vie en commun avec trois informateurs Kwaio des Iles Salomon, l'A. montre que ces ecrits sont empreints de romantisme et revelent une vision non historique qui ne prend aucunement en compte les changements profonds qui ont touche la societe melanesienne contemporaine.

The focus of this paper is service user and social work practitioner participation in the teaching for the mental health social work course. A review of the programme seeks to illuminate the value and significance of participation. The obstacles exposed through interviews and a collective workshop suggest a blocking opposition between idealistic education and ‘the reality of practice’. However this opposition is challenged by user and black advocacy participation. The value of participation appears in terms of anti-discrimination and extended possibilities to bring about change. Theory and practice divides are also dissolved. Participation is connected to power and modern and post modern approaches to education provide the theoretical framework.

Exposition and defense of postmodernism in regards to epistemology and language in economics. Centers on truth versus tools and truth versus story while emphasizing social constructivism, methodological pluralism, and multiplicity of truth. Affirms quest for confident knowledge but emphasizes limitations with regard to results understood as truth. Defends and puts into perspective the charge of ‘anything goes’. Adopts self-reflexive view of postmodernism itself.

This paper offers a commentary on the contemporary situation of the teacher in western societies. The impact of some aspects of Post Modernism and of New Right political projects is considered and the teacher urged to ground his or her conduct in a belief in the enduring validity of the liberal‐rationalist tradition.

Le racisme antisemite prend racine dans la conscience anglaise au cours de la decennie 1140. Au moment meme ou l'on parle de Grande Charte ou des origines du Parlement anglais, un anglais d'Oxford, Thomas de Monmouth, prepare le mythe du meurtre rituel. L'A. affirme que l'etude des juifs pendant la periode medievale anglaise a ete indigente. Pourtant, ils jouent un role a part entiere. L'impot anglais commence avec les juifs; leur expulsion en 1290 est un evenement particulierement important. L'antisemitisme est devenu un trait permanent de la culture europeenne a partir du XII e siecle

Deconstruction has become an indiscriminate supplier of subversive routines, serving the status quo and resistance alike. At the commercial level, the flying beam is scoring against the postmodern icon. On academic sites, textuality is the fashionable attitude. The original fascination with philosophical skepticism, in its anti-logocentric version, has turned to a new form of affirmation. Deconstruction is now a centre. And it's time to start putting things under the hammer.

(1994). The post always rings twice: The postmodern and the postcolonial. Textual Practice: Vol. 8, No. 2, pp. 205-238.

(1994). History, language, ideas and post‐modernism : A materialist view. Social History: Vol. 19, No. 2, pp. 221-240.

Foucault appears to challenge traditional views of truth, reason, and knowledge in the doctrine of power/knowledge developed in his post‐1970 writings. This doctrine applies to all the sciences (and to non‐scientific and non‐discursive practices that are not discussed here). Foucault's notions of discourse (1) and power (3) are sufficiently discussed to set out his explanatory theory of the cause of our discourses and their change. In (4) three theses concerning the power/knowledge link are distinguished, of which the more important is called the ‘Primacy Thesis’, namely the causal priority of power over knowledge. Various formulations of this thesis are investigated, some of which are contrasted with Francis Bacon's more plausible account of the link between power and knowledge. In (5), six criticisms of the thesis are discussed. Foucault's notion of truth is explored on the way, more particularly in (6). The outcome of the discussion is that Foucault's doctrine of power/knowledge, apart from some insigh...

[P]ost-modernism involves the development of new rhetorics of science, new stories of knowledge ‘after truth’‥. The postmodern world is without guarantees, without ‘method’‥. All we can do is invent. We must construct and exemplify the rhetorics of the future … through … endless stories. Like this one. Tomlinson (1989), pp.44,57.

Confronted with environmental challenges, societies traditionally resist adaptative change. Morally sanctioned values guide behavior top‐down, discouraging deviations from accepted norms or structural arrangements. But contemporary societies are embedded in environments so dynamic that commitments to formal identities jeopardize their survival. A more flexible strategy for social evolution is derived by interpreting American Constitutional history in terms of dissipative structures, Chaos, and Post‐Modernist literary theory. Social evolution then appears to be a self‐generated, language‐like process freeing behavioral expression to track environmental shifts through procedural constraints.

(1999). Between Public Management and Post-Modernism: The Future of Public Administration. Administrative Theory & Praxis: Vol. 21, No. 4, pp. 520-522.

(1990). CAN THE REGION SURVIVE POST-MODERNISM? Urban Geography: Vol. 11, Law, Regulation, and Geography II, pp. 586-593.

While calling for the de‐paradigming of political science and an end to blind confidence in science and reason, post‐modernists announce not the absence of paradigm, not an era of intellectual chaos, tolerance, and pluralism, but rather the advent of an entirely new paradigm dramatically at odds with all those paradigmatic fragments which, today, identify political science. The philosophical, epistemological and methodological elements of a post‐modem perspective are presented here as they were originally formulated in the humanities and it is argued that a mutually reinforcing, coherent, and integrated bundle of propositions emerges. The resulting totality when applied to political science constitutes an inescapable logic where assumptions follow, one from the other, and the unity of the whole is difficult to challenge without moving outside the entire framework. If this novel approach constitutes a new paradigm rather than an end to all paradigms, as is argued here, then important consequences ...