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Porous carbons derived from tea seed shells were fabricated through hydrothermal activation and high-temperature activation. The microstructure was investigated via X-ray diffraction, Raman spectro...

An easy and less-destructive method has been developed to highly functionalize multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) via an elimination reaction between TLCP terminated phenolic hydroxyl groups and p-benzyl chloride groups of active poly(4-chloromethyl styrene) (PCMS) on the surface of tubes, where MWCNTs were functionalized with PCMS through the esterification reaction of carboxylate of the former and p-benzyl chloride groups of the latter in the presence of a phase-transfer catalyst. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM) confirmed liquid crystal behavior of TLCP. The high density of covalent bonding between TLCP and nanotubes was confirmed by FTIR and Raman, resulting in a high grafting efficiency, as high as 18 wt% of TGA. Microscopic observations clearly displayed thick TLCP layers formed on the MWCNT surface.

With the coming of a Web 2.0 era based on new services, such as blog communication, new media communication has changed from a technique-oriented, monologue, linear communication model to one that is relation-oriented, dialogic, and holographic. Comparing this to Marshall McLuhan's saying “the medium is the message”, the authors propose “new media as relations” and put forward five observations: (1) New media communication belongs to the domain of relations communication; (2) the communication character of the new media is telelog; (3) Metcalfe's Law offers a good description for the communication effectiveness of new media; (4) the study of new media communication should be shifted from message communication (which focuses on websites) to relations communication (which regards people as the center of the study); and (5) the essence of new media communication is not technical message communication but dialogic relations communication.