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Objectives: Among mothers receiving medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid use disorder (OUD) and their children, (1) assess characteristics associated with adequate prenatal care and well-...

This research endeavors to understand how pediatricians and parents discuss - or do not discuss - firearm risks for children during well-child visits. Through individual semi-structured interviews with 16 pediatric providers and 20 parents, the research explores discursive barriers to open conversation, perspectives on anticipatory guidance, and new ideas for culturally competent messaging. The research focuses particularly on how parents' and providers' perspectives on firearm risk communication are tied to cultural norms and expectations. One salient theme that emerged is that the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation that pediatricians ask parents about ownership status is deemed undesirable by pediatricians and parents because of the delicate intercultural setting. Born out of pediatric and parent experiences, and mindful of culturally salient barriers, this study offers alternative strategies for discussing firearm risk in well-child exams.

We sought to understand the experiences of parents who participated in Group Well-Child Care (GWCC) and Trauma-Informed GWCC (TI-GWCC). Three focus groups and design sessions with parents from eith...

This study aimed to examine pediatric residents' perspectives of primary care professional relationships. Using a longitudinal qualitative study design, we conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with five second-year pediatric residents who elected to participate in a one-year intervention, facilitating group well child care (GWCC). Pediatric residents described a spectrum of professional relationship types including: ignorant, transactional, workaround, educational and equitable. Residents described ignorant, transactional and workaround relationships with feelings of frustration, and they described educational and equitable relationships with feelings of satisfaction and humility. While residents described optimal relationships in both traditional WCC and GWCC, they described suboptimal relationships in only traditional WCC. Further study is needed to assess if our model of GWCC may create a scaffolding upon which optimal relationships in interprofessional teams are likely to flourish.

Well-child visits have been shown to be of beneft. In Nigeria, many children aged five years and younger do not receive any scheduled preventive healthcare services after the receipt of their last vaccination. This was a descriptive cross-sectional survey. Using an interviewer-administered questionnaire, the perception of mothers on well-child visits was determined. The respondents were mothers who brought their children for immunisation at the Child Welfare Clinic of the Institute of Child Health, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. Almost all of the surveyed mothers 200/203 (98.5%) agreed that their children should regularly engage in well-child visits. Many of the 203 studied mothers 96 (47.3%) preferred monthly visits, while almost 60% wanted the visits to be scheduled outside of routine working hours. Most mothers 178 (87.7%) expected that their children’s health would be ensured through screening for disease. 16.6% of the mothers indicated that they would be unwilling to pay for the se...

To investigate smoking behaviour in young families.Cross-sectional study.Mother and child health centres in Oslo, Norway.The families of 1,046 children attending the health centres for 6-weeks-, 2- or 4- year well child visits.Daily smoking, smoking quantity and practical measures taken by the parents to prevent passive smoking among the children as assessed by parental reports.In 48% of the families at least one adult was smoking. 33% of the smoking parents smoked more than ten cigarettes per day. 47% of the smoking families reported that they did not smoke indoors.The parents were less likely to smoke if they were more than 35 years of age, had a child aged less than one year, had a spouse/co-habitee or had a long education. Smoking parents smoked less if they had a spouse/co-habitee, had a child aged less than one year or had few children. Smoking parents were more often careful and did not smoke indoors if they had a child aged less than one year, had a spouse/co-habitee, did not have a smoking spouse/co-habitee or smoked a low number of cigarettes per day.

Pediatric training programs need to evaluate many house staff skills, including those involved in performing well‐baby examinations. To assess pediatric resident performance, we videotaped 23 pediatric residents performing well‐baby examinations at the beginning and end of a 6‐month ambulatory pediatric block rotation. Each pediatric resident and two faculty members (a clinician and a behavioral scientist) participated in an interactive review of each videotape shortly after the well‐baby examination. These faculty‐resident triads simultaneously rated each well‐baby examination on 31 items listed in the American Academy of Pediatrics “Guidelines for Well Child Care.”;1 After the 6‐month ambulatory experience, the residents as a group demonstrated improved coverage of 13 items, no change on 11 items (6 of which all residents completed on both the preevaluation and postevaluation), and a decreased coverage of 7 items on the questionnaire. The results suggest that video‐assisted interactive review may be a f...

This study examined transcripts of conversations between pediatricians and parents during well-child exams (N = 42). The purpose was to determine how pediatricians inform and motivate parents to attend well-child exams. In particular, pediatricians' use of verbal response modes and compliance-gaining strategies during well-child exams was evaluated. It was found that pediatricians rely on questions as a primary verbal mode to inform parents but utilize compliance-gaining strategies as an apparent method to motivate parents who report failure to comply with a usual parenting practice. Pediatricians do not use any pattern of verbal response mode or compliance-gaining strategies to inform and/or motivate parents to attend future well-child exams, and compliance-gaining strategies are not utilized as a method to reinforce appropriate parenting practices.

In brief: The purpose of this study was to compare the compliance rates in two exercise programs: a well-structured program for diabetic children, and a home running program prescribed by a physician for children attending a pediatric practice for well child care. Thirteen of 14 children in the first program finished, with an average attendance of 9.2 children per session. In the second program only two of five finished (24 were invited to participate). The greater success of the first program was attributed to enthusiastic and involved leadership, parent support, and feelings of accomplishment and self-esteem in the participants.

“My baby spits up so often.” This complaint is frequently heard during well child visits. Usually, spitting is not a worrisome problem for parents, infants, or health care providers. In certain cases, however, spitting may be a symptom of underlying gastrointestinal pathology. Therefore, it is the “well baby caretaker” who determines for which patients spitting requires a more extensive workup. One cause of spitting and vomiting in infants and children is gastroesophageal reflux (GER).

Seizures in an otherwise well child may be associated with intermittent hypoglycemia. Diagnostic laboratory tests are mandatory to exclude primary hormonal causes of hypoglycemia and certain rare inborn errors of metabolism. If the diagnosis of intermittent, or ketotic, hypoglycemia is established, simple therapeutic measures generally are effective.