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The three treatment phases for pressure-sensitive tape removal included in this review are: removal of the carrier, adhesive removal from the paper surface, and adhesive removal from the paper interior. The latter process requires organic solvents. Solvent selection via the Teas chart or Zumbühl’s system are compared. Teas triangular chart supports the calculation of solvent mixtures with ideal mixing properties; Zumbühl’s bi-axial parametrization system supports solvent selection when solvent mixtures exhibit non-ideal behaviour and highlights vapour pressure as the solvent selection criterion. Strategies for working with solvents include a discussion of solvent mixtures and their application and the introduction of a suction disk design. Effects and common side effects of treatment are presented with examples. This review supports novices and practitioners in their treatment choices when dealing with the removal of pressure-sensitive tapes., Die drei hier vorgestellten Behandlungsphasen für die Entfernung von Haftklebeband umfassen die Abnahme des Trägers sowie die Ablösung des Klebstoffs von der Papieroberfläche und aus dem Inneren des Papiers. Für letztere sind organische Lösungsmittel erforderlich. Die Auswahl der Lösungsmittel wird anhand der Teas-Tabelle oder des Zumbühl-Systems verglichen. Das Teas-Dreiecksdiagramm unterstützt die Berechnung von Lösemittelgemischen mit idealen Mischeigenschaften, das biaxiale Parametrisierungssystem von Zumbühl unterstützt die Lösemittelauswahl bei Lösemittelgemischen mit nicht idealem Verhalten und hebt den Dampfdruck als Lösemittelauswahlkriterium hervor. Strategien für den Umgang mit Lösemitteln beinhalten eine Diskussion von Lösemittelgemischen und deren Anwendung sowie die Einführung eines Saugscheibendesigns. Wirkungen und häufige Nebenwirkungen der Behandlung werden anhand von Beispielen dargestellt. Diese Übersicht unterstützt Lernende und Praktizierende bei der Wahl der Behandlungsmethode für die Entfernung von Selbstklebebändern.

Among bleaching agents available in paper conservation, hydrogen peroxide (HP) is a versatile choice that has many advantages in the removal of discoloration from paper. However, its well-known rad...

Bleaching in paper conservation is a complex, highly invasive treatment that involves decisions regarding cultural, aesthetic, technical and scientific parameters. We present an overview of key req...

Fibers resulting from pulping of wood are negatively charged by nature. This charge might be reversed by chemical modification for different applications. In this study, different options to determine the degree of substitution (DS) with cationic groups introduced using 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride, a common cationization reagent, are compared. Classical analytical methods for this purpose include elemental analysis, which is unspecific, and titration, which is sensitive toward impurities and highly elaborate. These are complemented by fast and robust approaches based on infrared spectroscopy or thermogravimetric analysis. The absorption increase at 1480 cm−1 is specific for the introduced R-NMe3 and linearly correlated with the DS. For bleached Kraft pulps, cationization splits the thermal degradation of cellulose in two phases, their ratio being roughly proportional to the DS. Both methods require virtually no sample preparation. Infrared spectroscopy is particularly easy to apply and allows a quantification of pulp cationization in short time.

The results of a research project on verdigris on paper have been applied in the conservation of a celestial atlas and a series of printed books with images of cities in Renaissance time. Paper degraded by verdigris was chemically stabilized by applying a solution of benzotriazole, a copper complexing agent, in ethanol by brush from the verso. Tears and brittle areas were mechanically stabilized with pre-coated Japanese tissue papers. The copper ion content and the effect of complexation were monitored with self-prepared copper ion indicator papers. Paper samples with different concentrations of benzotriazole were light-aged to evaluate the effect of yellowing.