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Botswana re-introduced trophy hunting in 2019. This generated a debate about the relevance of trophy hunting in achieving wildlife conservation and human well-being among wildlife stakeholders. The...

Trophy hunting (TH) tourism plays an important and often controversial role in wildlife conservation and community livelihood in many African countries. Despite its potential social and economic be...

In addition to wildlife conservation, Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM) programmes aim to foster regional development. To achieve this, communal areas couple to tourism Global Pro...

Trophy hunting, canned hunting, and tiger farming have attracted much negativity from the general public because of their trivialization of wild animals’ lives and welfare. Yet they persist because...

This paper develops a framework for identifying and fostering social impact for ‘supplemental’ (cultural, sporting and other) events which run in tandem with major sporting events. The framework links the aims of supplemental events with a classification of event activities in terms of achieved social impact and potential social benefits. Data supporting the study were collected from over 150 interviews conducted with tourists and local attendees at two supplemental events (Fan Zone and Trophy Tour) held in Australia as part of the 2015 International Cricket Council Cricket World Cup. Short-term social impacts emerging from the findings included a shared sense of community resulting from the atmosphere and ambience of the events. Potential longer-term social benefits, such as healthier lifestyles, were also identified by both tourists and locals. The framework enhances the current understanding of strategies for fostering social impact and potential social benefits by providing an analytic tool to examine supplemental events and their effects on tourists and locals.

What explains the silencing, dismissal, disavowal, ridicule, and stigmatizing of care for individual animals observed in conservation discourses? We examine this question using a comparative case s...

This is a critique of Timothy Hsiao’s ‘A Moral Defense of Trophy Hunting.’ I argue that Hsiao’s arguments on pain, consciousness, behavior, cruelty, and necessity all fail. More importantly, I argu...

The term “truth,” a human judgment, applies only to sentences or propositions uttered or written by a person, not the revelation of the universe itself or an extra-human authority. Sophist philosop...

Although some research suggests that legal, well-regulated trophy hunting programmes can positively contribute to wildlife conservation efforts, surprisingly little legal scholarship has focused on...

The 1966 World Cup Finals are remembered primarily for on-field events, not least the host’s capture of the Jules Rimet trophy, the performances of the minnows of North Korea in reaching the quarte...

This article is devoted to the issue of so-called ‘trophy films’ and their role in Soviet-American relations after WWII. The purpose of this research is to reveal how the cultural competition betwe...

The Isle of Man Tourist Trophy (TT) is one of the deadliest and most controversial sporting events in the world, with more than 250 fatalities on the course over its 112-year history. Competitors race motorcycles at high speeds on public roads flanked by lampposts, trees, bus shelters, houses, and walls. The purpose of this study was to understand how engagement in TT might contribute to life meaning and give expression to our fundamental questions about existence. Four male athletes participated in life history interviews. Data were analysed using an existential-narrative approach and two representative stories identified: ‘That was the pivotal thing' and ‘You’re living your life, not just existing’. Themes were interpreted from an existential perspective, addressing authenticity, boundary situations, mortality and meaning. Riders constructed boundary situations as instrumental in their active choice to compete at TT. Within-TT experiences encompassed myriad sub-themes including conflicting emotions, perceptions of risk, flow and love for the sport, many reflecting TT as a site for engaging fully with life. Findings provide novel insight into riders’ experiences by interpreting their stories through an existential lens. We also suggest that classic theory and research, based on risk-taking and personality, does not adequately address motivation across all extreme sports.

Existing studies on the trophy hunting controversy in recent years have largely represented the anti-hunting views of the Western public, while overlooking the opinions of African people. This stud...

The trophy position is a coaching cue for the tennis serve that usually corresponds to the racquet high point (RHP) during the preparatory action for the stroke. Mastering this position and its time of occurrence seems essential in overarm movements like in the tennis serve. Clinicians and coaches have a real interest in understanding the trophy position and its evolution during the development of the elite players at different ages. A 3D motion system was used to measure the kinematics of the serve. A group of high-level tennis players were selected for three different age groups: 8 adults (ITN 1), 8 teenagers (ITN 3) and 8 children (ITN 5-6). Results show a modified pattern sequence of the tennis serve between children and adult players. RHP appears earlier relative to impact for children (-0.54 ± 0.10 s) than for adults (-0.36 ± 0.11 s) and teenagers (-0.33 ± 0.05 s) (p = 0.007). At RHP, children present lower trunk transverse plane rotation (p < 0.003) and higher shoulder external rotation (p < 0.003). These positions for the child players may represent an increased risk of shoulder and trunk injury than for older players and contribute to a lower racquet resultant velocity at impact.

In the global neoliberal ecological discourse, trophy hunting proponents often articulate the economic benefits it creates for local communities, especially through jobs and meat. Trophy hunting revenues are also crucial to support the overall operational costs of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM). The aim of this paper is to show that this rather simplified dominant discourse, based only on “benefits”, sells short the local realities of the Khwe and Ju/’hoansi Bushmen (San) in the Bwabwata National Park and the Nyae Nyae Conservancy, Namibia, respectively. Building on Gibson, I use the concept of “social affordances” as an addition to economic benefits. This leads me to argue for an expansion of the debate beyond the limits of economic benefits to the human domain, to better understand the multiple experiences, perceptions, power relations and meanings (for good and ill) of local actors on trophy hunting and its main players.

This article is based on a study conducted in Nigerian Christian and Muslim neighborhoods on the intrigues that characterized adults-adolescent girls’ relations about how and when adolescent girls ...

This paper defends the morality of hunting for sport, also known as recreational or trophy hunting. Using an argument from analogy, I argue that there is no morally relevant difference between trop...

When Cecil the Lion was shot in 2015 by the American tourist, Walter Palmer, the story sparked a global “cybermovement” against trophy hunting, questioning its sustainability from a moral-ethical s...

Crosses and trophies are twin images in the Roman visual world of the first century CE, omnipresent as signposts of imperial power over the bodies and minds of the conquered. While crosses expose a...

Ethnographic descriptions of feasts reveal that consumption of meat is usually prominent. Zooarchaeological evidence may thus provide the best way of seeing feasts in the archaeological record. The accumulation of trophy arrays and ongoing high-status activities are confusing behaviours that may be misconstrued as archaeological evidence of feasts. A four-fold classification of zooarchaeological evidence for feasts is put forward: ‘over the top’ (high status); ‘ritually charged garbage’ (often religious); ‘small but special’ (nevertheless sometimes visible); and ‘was this feasting?’ (sometimes equivocal). This typology may allow archaeologists to distinguish between the ethnographic categories of competitive feasts and solidarity feasts.

There have competing claims about the number of species that go extinct each year.11 The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment claimed that 8,700 species go extinct in a year, which means around 24 speci...

As traditional international trophy hunting destinations are becoming less accessible due to hunting restrictions and regulations, new destinations are entering the scene, such as the Republic of Kyrgyzstan, located in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan has grown to be one of the top destinations for international trophy hunting of argali Ovis ammon and ibex Capra sibirica, both of which are in danger of extinction. Empirically, the article draws on a case study from the largest region in Kyrgyzstan, At-Bashy, and 395 questionnaires with local inhabitants from 5 villages, and 1 interview with an international trophy hunting tour operator. In this article, the impacts of trophy hunting as a tourism practice in a rural context is discussed in terms of its sustainability and through the opinions of the local inhabitants. In sum, the negative impacts of trophy hunting in At-Bashy seem to overrule the positive ones, and in its current form it is not sustainable. The local inhabitants report about a decrease in argali and ibex during the last years; they receive basically no economic benefits from hunting tourism; and not surprisingly, 70% of the population rejects the further development of the industry in its current shape.

This paper investigates how the e-marketing communication of trophy hunting operators in Namibia may affect and reinforce the overall tainted image of this controversial industry. The online marketing efforts of 100 Namibian safari providers were examined. Two main results were discerned: (1) the majority of communication does not take into account the negative image of the industry, choosing instead to focus primarily on the hedonic values of the customer (i.e. hunters) and (2) evidence was found of concern for ethics, sustainability and fairness, but often these messages were implicit rather than explicit. Suggestions for improvement in e-marketing are provided.

Hyman AA, DiCenzo VJ, Murphy BR. 2017. Muddling management: heterogeneity of blue catfish anglers. Lake Reserve Manage. 33:23–31.A world-record blue catfish was caught from Kerr Reservoir in 2011; since then, the state has experienced an influx of tournaments and trophy anglers. As a result, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (VDGIF) has sought a holistic management approach for the blue catfish fishery. In a pilot study, we surveyed 61 catfish anglers on Kerr Reservoir, which spans the Virginia–North Carolina state line, to examine their angling habits, harvest behavior, and management preferences. Using hierarchical cluster analysis, we identified 4 distinct angler groups that, on a broad scale, parallel other specialization studies: Tournament Specialists, Consumptive Specialists, Avid Generalists, and Occasional Anglers. Results from this study depict a dualistic angler population, with many anglers seeking trophy catfish while others wish to harvest many catfish. The most-specia...

No longer simply trophy wives, First Ladies in Southern Africa in particular, are an increasingly influential political force in the inner circle of presidents and politics. Recent examples of the ...

This study is the first to compare the economic value of bear viewing and trophy hunting of both grizzly (Ursus arctos) and black bears (Ursus americanus) in the Great Bear Rainforest (GBR) in British Columbia (BC), Canada. We assess trends in these two sectors of wildlife recreation over several decades and analyse their economic impacts based on 2012 data. We examine both non-resident bear hunting with guide outfitters and independent local (resident) hunters, as well as bear viewing offered by tourism companies in the GBR. We provide strong evidence that bear viewing in the GBR is generating far more economic value: bear-viewing companies generated over 12 times more in visitor spending than guided non-resident and independent resident hunters combined ($15.1 million versus $1.2 million) and 11 times more in government revenues ($7.3 million versus $660,5001). Such findings should be useful to policy-makers in determining allocations of public resources and priorities for conservation efforts. ...

Lamothe KA, Allen RM, Winningham K, Dennis C, Johnson RL. 2016. Stocking for a trophy bass fishery: searching for size differences among largemouth bass and hybrids in southern Arkansas reservoirs. Lake Reserve Manage. 32:194–207.Within the southern United States, game and fish agencies have introduced nonnative Florida bass (FB), Micropterus floridanus (Lesueur 1822), as an alternative to native northern largemouth bass (NLMB), M. salmoides (Lacepede 1802), for decades because of suspected maximum size differences between the 2 species. The goal of this study was to determine if bass with differing levels of FB alleles demonstrated differential size structure within 6 southern Arkansas reservoirs stocked with FB. Despite millions of FB being introduced into these reservoirs over the last decade, FB made up

Many German soldiers filmed with their private cameras during World War II, but only lately have some of these private films become part of public archives and begun circulating in documentary films and historical television. An early example is an archive film depicting mass shootings in the Latvian town of Liepaja in July 1941, recorded by Reinhard Wiener, a German marine sergeant and amateur cinematographer. From a wartime trophy, the footage transformed into evidence through its first public screening during the Eichmann trial in Jerusalem. It then migrated into different historical documentaries and films such as Erwin Leiser’s Eichmann und das Dritte Reich (CH/FRG 1961) and Stefan Ruzowitzky’s Das radikal Bose (AUS/GER 2013). The paper describes the context, analyzes the status of the footage, and traces its transformation from wartime trophy to evidence and finally into an archival document.

The contribution analyses the literary motif of acquiring trophy heads in the context of warfare practices depicted in kakavin, court poems composed in a literary register of Old Javanese. In the first part, two terms of unclear meaning, cәṅәl and varagaṅ, are discussed in detail. It is argued that Old Javanese cәṅәl denotes ‘trophy head’, a severed head rendered as a token of martial prowess. Evidence of the Navanatya, an Old Javanese account of court etiquette composed in the 14th century, is used to support my claim that fictive kakavin do reflect the practice of head-taking as part of Javanese pre-Islamic warfare culture. It is demonstrated that the status of head-taking in kakavin is ambiguous. Though typically ascribed to the characters of adharma, the king, a protector of dharma, is represented in a couple of texts as a receiver of trophy heads. In the second and third parts of this article the category of combatants called varagaṅ, associated in Old Javanese texts with predatory warfare an...

Northern pike (Esox lucius) are ecologically and socioeconomically important throughout Canada and the northern United States. In Minnesota, USA, large northern pike were historically abundant, but size-selective harvest and poor growth (i.e., stunting), in combination with thermal warming and prey resource limitation, have hindered development of fisheries with trophy individuals (≥ 43 inches) in recent decades. Despite strong interest of fisheries managers and public stakeholders in trophy management, historical approaches to improve population size structure (e.g., stocking, removal of small individuals, minimum length limits, liberalized creel limits) were largely unsuccessful. Currently, more than 100 Minnesota water bodies are managed under a series of special and experimental regulations (e.g., protected slot limits, minimum length limits, maximum length limits) intended to enhance size structure and promote trophy angling. These regulations have improved size structure in some lakes, yet t...

This paper discusses the turbulent times facing trophy hunting in Tanzania, East Africa. It reviews the industry’s contentious history, and illustrates the ominous politics that are emerging out of the country’s recent neoliberal schemes, Wildlife Management Areas. Through the decentralisation that comprises WMAs, the rural communities who co-inhabit trophy hunting spaces are finding new ways to limit, resist, and sometimes, eliminate it. As argued in this paper, trophy hunting in Tanzania faces a momentous convergence of aggrieved histories, and neoliberal reforms that shift authority to rural communities. It amounts to turbulent times and what I call, fighting history today.

Throughout the past 120 years, hunting has linked the semi-arid Kaokoveld (northwestern Namibia) to global trade networks simultaneously embedding it within global aspirations to preserve African fauna untrammelled. The hunting of elephants for ivory, of endemic species for scientific inventories, of large game for the leisurely hunt, and clandestine poaching by South African officials and military, as well as contemporary forms of legalised hunting for trophies and saleable game meat, have continuously connected local pastoral communities, the environment, the state, and external globally operating actors. Flows of trophies, commodities, services, knowledge, and weapons between hunters, carriers and scouts, scientists and translators, intermediary traders and operators, state officials, and experts of international organisations have contributed not only to the dynamic development of a specific local–global interface, but also to the continuous re-shaping of biocultural frontiers between game spe...

South Africa’s countryside is transforming through rapid and widespread farm conversions from agricultural land to wildlife enclosures. This paper interprets trophy hunting as a reconfiguration process in which land, power and belonging are contested through relations between farmers, workers, the state and animals. The argument is based on ethnographic material generated in the Eastern Cape Karoo through engagements with farm workers and commercial – mostly English-speaking white farmers – who have established and gradually expanded their trophy-hunting farms catering for a predominantly foreign-affluent clientele. James Scott’s concept of a nonstate space is employed to show how the geographical and performative features of the hunting farm, and the hunting game itself, enables game farmers to assert their authority on the land. However, these attempts are constantly frustrated by ‘unruly’ and mobile humans and animals who resist and subvert these imagined ideals and real practices on the farms.

This article locates Joshua Oppenheimer's acclaimed 2012 documentary The Act of Killing against a broader discussion of the visual aesthetics, technologies and geopolitics of atrocity. It focuses in particular on the trophy body in the performance of atrocity acts.

Despite its manifold implications, insight into what satisfactions hunters derive from trophy hunting has not been thoroughly investigated. We used a novel method to assess how common satisfaction ...

In an effort to improve size structure of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in Lake Sharpe, a large Missouri River impoundment, the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks instituted 2 protected slot limits: restricted (305–457 mm) beginning in 2003 and relaxed (355–457 mm) beginning in 2008. We examined the effects of these regulations on smallmouth bass harvest and population characteristics and compared creel and population trends of Lake Sharpe smallmouth bass to adjacent reservoirs where smallmouth bass harvest was not regulated by length limits. Prior to the slot limit, the majority of the smallmouth bass harvest from Lake Sharpe was for individuals 250–400 mm in length (P 355 mm, and angler catch of trophy smallmouth bass was observed, suggesting an effective regulation. However, a b...

Nineteenth-century museums have long been recognized as sites for the formation of a range of disciplines from archaeology to art history. This formation process occurred, more often than not, in advance of attempts by universities to establish disciplinary boundaries and conventions. Taking the example of the Museum of Economic Botany at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, this article examines the process by which the field of knowledge known as economic botany was rendered as a discipline at Kew from the mid-nineteenth century. But as well as demonstrating the potential of museums to undertake such epistemological acts, by following the life of a particular object — the Tasmanian Timber Trophy — what also become clear are the limits of museums’ disciplinary authority.

Tensions between trophy hunting, sport/conservation hunting, invasive mammal species control and compassionate conservation highlight the rising worldwide issue in the wildlife management and the tourism sector. Hunting, either for food or recreation, has played a significant role in the development of the conservation movement from its inception. While initially considered part of wildlife tourism, some ‘conservation hunting’ focuses exclusively on trophy hunting, especially iconic species, often justified to generate conservation benefits and revenue for the local community. Exploitation to incentivise protection has many proponents, but the trade-off at a population level for the protection of animal lives has considerable ethical and practical challenges. Further, trophy hunting can also drive population-level changes that may cause population collapse. Here we discuss trophy hunting practice in Nepal, New Zealand and compare the harvesting approaches in native and introduce range countries.

The popular literature is rife with criticisms of millennials, labeling them a generation of “trophy kids” who demand constant praise. According to pundits, these tendencies in college-age students...

Lakes Weohyakapka and St. Johns Water Management Area, Florida, experienced severe impacts from multiple hurricanes in August and September 2004, resulting in the loss of all submersed aquatic vegetation, primarily hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata). We assessed at both lakes changes in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) population size distribution, recreational fishing effort and success, angler expenditures, and catches of trophy fish in relation to disparate levels of hydrilla coverage for prehurricane (1999–2004) and posthurricane (2005–2009) periods. Tests revealed significant differences at both lakes in the population size distribution between prehurricane (high percentage coverage of hydrilla) and posthurricane (no hydrilla) periods. At both lakes, the population size distribution comprised more juvenile (age-1) largemouth bass before the hurricanes, indicating that a decline in recruitment strength coincided with the absence of hydrilla posthurricanes. Declines in directed fishing eff...

This paper explores the particular assemblage of place, event and individual identity performances that occur each year in the Isle of Man in and through the TT (Tourist Trophy) motorcycle races. These road races are associated with a high degree of risk for the racers and the confluence of over 30,000 visitors and 10,000 motorcycles also presents potential risks for spectators and residents alike. Both motorcycling and risk-taking have been associated with particular forms of masculinity, notably hegemonic, working class and youthful masculinities. Using detailed surveys of spectators we argue that the TT races, while undoubtedly\ud dominated by men and predicated on a cultural privileging of speed and skill, are grounded in varying combinations of determinate and reflexive attitudes to risk, reflecting the performance of a variety of gendered, ‘biker’ and wider identity-based positionalities. Findings also highlight a particular inter-relation of mobilities and place identities at the TT races and bring to light the highly significant and under-researched embodied, performative and emotional mobilities of spectators. The conceptual and methodological importance of (a) situated research of both mobilities and gender in specific place-temporalities and (b) wider surveys of motorcyclists to complement ethnographic studies of small cohorts are also stressed.

This article explores the complex relationship between sport and landscape and their role in the expression and maintenance of identity. While discussions have typically emphasised the role taken by stadia and sporting venues in the development and expression of sporting and national identities, fewer have considered the role taken by the wider landscape. It is this landscape that provides the context in which many sports are enacted and watched and it is through the embodied actions and experiences that landscape is given added meaning, reinforcing narratives of space that are implicated in the creation and maintenance of national identities. Yet here, unlike stadia or other sporting venues, space is much less regulated; as a result, participants and observers are also implicated in the creation of “counter geographies” that destabilise “official” narratives of space. Here our focus is on the contested landscapes of the Isle of Man Tourist Trophy Races; an event where sporting narratives have become mate...

In reaction to wolf reintroduction programs, some trophy hunting organizations have come to refer to the 1930s–1980s, when wolves were virtually absent from their historical ranges in the contiguou...

The meanings of objects change as the people with whom they are associated change. Over the course of an artefact’s existence, the sum of these meanings constitutes a cultural biography, a life-story of the item. This is the case with objects associated with conflict, just as with those from other contexts; in this case, cultural biographies can have sharply contrasting phases. However, identifying the object in each of its changing relationships with people can be problematic. In the case of a World War I German 150 mm gun, that is one of the few of its type remaining in the world, this has been achieved by comparison of detailed characteristics, markings, and battle damage with historical photographs and surviving documentation. By these means, its role in the Battle of Amiens on 8 August 1918, and after its capture by the Australian Corps, can be pieced together. The biography of such a gun can include manufacturing technology, a means of destruction, a valued war trophy, a public exhibit, a ne...

The Isle of Man Tourist Trophy, the oldest motorcycle road racing event in the world, also remains one of the most controversial with a total of some 237 of competitors killed during its 104-year history. These fatalities are implicated within complex narratives of both remembrance and forgetting most evidently played out in the roadside memorials, place names and ‘cyber memorials’ created to commemorate the deaths. This paper provides a survey of these memorials along with an appraisal of their involvement in expressions of ‘public’ and ‘private’ grief.

This article examines the claims of truth and authenticity that accompanied the 2009 release of the Australian film Cedar Boys (Caradee, 2009) in its representation of Lebanese-Australian youth as a cultural minority group in Australia. Critical responses in Australia were enthusiastic about what was interpreted as a positive representation of a cultural minority group that is often maligned in mainstream Australian media, particularly since the race riots in Sydney in 2005 which saw violent clashes between groups of Lebanese-Australian and Anglo-Australian youths. This article argues that, far from transcending the cultural stereotypes that abound in the media, Cedar Boys reinforces a cultural ‘atrophy’, characterized in the film by the young Lebanese-Australian protagonist's failed pursuit of a blonde white woman who, in addition to her sexual allure in the eyes of the young man, represents a seemingly unattainable ‘trophy’ of mutual cultural understanding between mainstream and minority in the ...

The poaching of trophy wildlife resources is a serious problem in the western United States. This study examined the trophy poaching phenomenon in Montana using a routine activities theoretical perspective. Using a qualitative approach to data collection, data on trophy poaching were obtained from state game wardens. Findings demonstrate how the convergence of motivated offenders, suitable targets, and the absence of capable guardians presents opportunities for large quantities of trophy wildlife to be poached. The role played by outfitters and taxidermists in helping poachers acquire, preserve, and conceal illegally taken trophy wildlife is also described.

We study a discrete-time system of equations for a structured ungulate population exploited by human harvesting or a dynamic predator. The population is divided into juveniles, and female and male adults. Harvesting is concentrated on adults (trophy hunting of males or population control measures on females), whereas predation occurs in juveniles. Though the model consists of four nonlinear equations, we find explicit expressions for the steady states. We use these explicit expressions to investigate harvesting rates that allow population persistence, rates that ensure population control, and optimal harvesting efforts. Several reductions of complexity allow for a detailed analysis of the dynamics of the model. Most notably, we find that even compensatory density dependence can lead to a period doubling bifurcation, that the model does not support consumer–resource cycles, and that an Allee effect can emerge from the interplay of stage-specific predation and density-dependent prey reproduction.

The article re-opens the Holderlinian issue of inhabiting as a poet in Andre Velter's work which itself rests upon Arthur Rimbaud's work (“poet(s) and explorer(s”). In both cases, the problem of a life-work is being considered as well as the consubstantial question of inscription, in the core of the world as well as in what is most intimate in a subject experiencing it. A theory of the trace can then be sketched. As far as writing is concerned, the trace is not what remains, as vestige or trophy, a tangible relic or reminder that the passing occurred, that the journey happened, and that the imprint or final mark of a result have been preserved. For Velter, the poem is that which leaves no trace of this sort but dedicates itself wholly and exclusively to its own foreshadowing. Here, to write, in the sense of to trace, is to make possible what yet will never be accomplished; to remain in the constant becoming that constitutes its strength; to remain with the powerful desire of having to try the adventure ag...